Adair County, Oklahoma

Adair County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,495. Its county seat is Stilwell. Adair County was named after the Adair family of the Cherokee tribe. One source says that the county was specifically named for Watt Adair, one of the first Cherokees to settle in the area."Stilwell is part of 'Green County Oklahoma'""
Retrieved September 14, 2014. Adair County is part of the Cherokee Nation reservation.

History

The county was created in 1906 from the Goingsnake and Flint districts of the Cherokee Nation. There was a decade-long struggle over what town would become the county seat between Stilwell and Westville. When the county was formed, Westville was identified as the county seat, due partly to its location at the intersection of two major railroads: the Kansas City Southern Railway and the St. Louis – San Francisco Railway. The county seat was moved to Stilwell in 1910.

During the Great Depression and World War II, strawberries became a major crop in Adair County. In 1948, the first Stilwell Strawberry Festival was organized. The 2002 festival saw some 40,000 people in attendance.

The 1910 census counted 10,535 residents. By 1990, it was up to 18,421.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.6%) is water.

The county is part of the Ozark plateau uplift, the tree-covered foothills of the Boston Mountains. North and central Adair County are drained by the Illinois River and three creeks. Two more creeks lie near Stilwell.

Major highways

* U.S. Highway 59
* U.S. Highway 62
* State Highway 51

Adjacent counties

* Delaware County (north)
* Benton County, Arkansas (northeast)
* Washington County, Arkansas (east)
* Crawford County, Arkansas (southeast)
* Sequoyah County (south)
* Cherokee County (west)

National protected area

* Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, Adair County had a small population relative to its surrounding counties, with only 21,038 people, a large percentage of them, 43.3 percent, Native American. The remainder of the population was 43 percent white, 10.5 percent of more than one race, and 5.3 percent Hispanic or Latino. Less than 1 percent of the population was either Black or African American, Asian, or Pacific Islander, and 2.3 percent were identified as other. This makes it the only majority-minority county in Oklahoma. Adair county had a higher percentage of Native Americans (American Indians) in its population than any other Oklahoma county. As of 2020, its population was 19,495.

The median age of the population was 36.2 years and two-thirds of the county's population were either under the age of 18 (28 percent) or between the ages of 25 and 44 (24.8 percent). Of the remaining population, 25.9 percent were ages 45 to 64, 12.9 percent were 65 years of age or older, and 13.2 percent were ages 18 to 24. For every 100 females there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males.

There were a total of 8,156 households and 5,982 families in the county in 2010. There were 9,142 housing units. Of the 8,156 households, 31.4 percent included children under the age of 18 and slightly more than half (52.7 percent) included married couples living together. 26.7 percent were non-family, 14.2 percent had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8 percent contained a single individual of 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.25.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,258, and the median income for a family was $32,930. Males had a median income of $28,370 versus $23,384 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,560. About 25.3 percent of families and 27.8 percent of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.8 percent of those under age 18 and 18.7 percent of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Although most Native American counties tend to skew Democratic, the Cherokee Nation - which Adair County is a part of - has tended to be deeply Republican at the federal level for most its existence, though Southern Democrats have occasionally taken it in strong election years such as 1964 and 1976. No Democrat has won Adair County since Jimmy Carter in 1976.

Economy

The county is home to food processing and canning industries; poultry farms; cattle ranches; horse breeders; dog breeders, and strawberry fields.Adair
Oklahoma Almanac, 2005 (accessed May 22, 2013)

Communities

City

* Stilwell (county seat)

Towns

* Watts
* Westville

Census-designated places

* Baron
* Bell
* Bunch
* Cave Spring
* Chance
* Cherry Tree
* Chewey
* Christie
* Elm Grove
* Elohim City
* Fairfield
* Greasy
* Honey Hill
* Lyons Switch
* Marietta
* Mulberry
* Old Green
* Peavine
* Piney
* Proctor
* Rocky Mountain
* Salem
* Titanic
* Watts Community (former)
* Wauhillau
* West Peavine
* Zion

Other unincorporated places

* Ballard
* Lyons

NRHP sites

The following sites in Adair County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:
* Adair County Courthouse, Stilwell
* Breadtown, Westville vicinity
* Ballard Creek Roadbed, Westville vicinity
* Buffington Hotel, Westville
* Golda's Mill, Stilwell
* Opera Block, Westville
* Rev. Jesse Bushyhead Grave, Westville

Education

K-12 school districts include:
Text list
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* Cave Springs Public Schools
* Kansas Public Schools
* Stilwell Public Schools
* Watts Public Schools
* Westville Public Schools

Elementary school districts include:

* Belfonte Public School
* Dahlonegah Public School
* Greasy Public School
* Peavine Public School
* Maryetta Public Schools
* Moseley Public School
* Rocky Mountain Public School
* Zion Public School

In 2010 the Bell Public School school district ceased operations, with area taken by the Belfonte and Stilwell school districts.

References

External links

Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Adair County

Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory

Oklahoma Almanac, 2005 - Adair County

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1907 establishments in Oklahoma
Majority-minority counties in the United States
Populated places established in 1907