APFEL is an

opensource Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized so ...

software able to perform Dokshitzer–Gribov–Lipatov–Altarelli–Parisi (DGLAP) evolution up to next to next to leading order (NNLO) in

quantum chromodynamics In theoretical physics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction between quarks mediated by gluons. Quarks are fundamental particles that make up composite hadrons such as the proton, neutron and pion. QCD is a ty ...

(QCD) and to leading order (LO) in

quantum electrodynamics In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and spec ...

(QED), both with pole and

minimal subtraction scheme In quantum field theory, the minimal subtraction scheme, or MS scheme, is a particular renormalization scheme used to absorb the infinities that arise in perturbative calculations beyond leading order, introduced independently by Gerard 't Hooft a ...

(MSbar) masses. The coupled DGLAP QCD+QED evolution equations are solved in x-space by means of

higher order interpolation Higher may refer to: Music * The Higher, a 2002–2012 American pop rock band Albums * ''Higher'' (Ala Boratyn album) or the title song, 2007 * ''Higher'' (Ezio album) or the title song, 2000 * ''Higher'' (Harem Scarem album) or the title song ...

s and Runge-Kutta techniques, and allow the exploration of different options for the treatment of subleading terms.

Main features

See also

References

External links