71-931 "Vityaz" () is a Russian three-unit six-axle 100% low-floor

tram A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in Canada and the United States) is an urban rail transit in which Rolling stock, vehicles, whether individual railcars or multiple-unit trains, run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some ...

car created by LLC "PK Transportnye Sistemy" (transl. "Transportation Systems", PK TS) and manufactured in cooperation by PK TS and

Transmashholding CJSC Transmashholding () is the largest manufacturer of locomotives and rail equipment in Russia and after merging with LocoTech service the fourth largest engineering company in the field of transport technology globally. The company incl ...

at the facilities of the

Tver Carriage Works Tver Carriage Works () is a rolling stock manufacturer located in Tver, Russia. The company is part of Transmashholding. History of the factory Tver Carriage Works was founded on 25 August 1898 with the name Upper Volga Railway Materials P ...

. Currently exists in two versions: the basic model Vityaz and 71-931M Vityaz-M modification with modified front and rear mask, different interior and Russian-designed traction motors. In operation in

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

Krasnodar Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 millio ...

and

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

's Bauman, Oktyabrskoye and Rusakov depots.

Design

The car is based on three rotating 2-axle bogies which design was patented by PK TS. The main design feature of said bogies is that the traction motors are located below the floor (compact enough for allowing low floor level) so wider gangways are allowed despite the bogie being rotational. The traction drive is asynchronous, Vityaz model uses Czech-designed traction motors which were replaced with Russian-designed in Vityaz-M model. Each axle is powered by one 72 kW motor with a total output of 432 kW. The body consists of two long end units with two double-leaf and one single-leaf doors each, one of which is equipped with driver cabin, and a short middle unit with no doors. Internal layout is designed with maximum space efficiency in mind with most of the seats facing the axle of the car for allowing more standing space while retaining big number of seats. First unit has a large area for a wheelchair/pram/bicycle against the third door. Most of the seats are not elevated except the ones above the first and third bogies. The car's environmental control has two air conditioners supplying all three units and the driver cab with cold air and multiple electric heat guns for heating. Each door has touch panels inside and outside for opening by passenger with the driver retaining the ability to override it. The car is loosely based on an

Ust-Katav Ust-Katav () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Yuryuzan River. Population: Administrative and municipal status Within the subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions, framework ...

carriage works (UKVZ) design with some of the blueprints said to be purchased from their original legal owner. This can be noticed in similarities between Vityaz model and UKVZ's partially low-floor 71-631 model body configurations. The Vityaz-M cars are supplied with about 90% of Russian-designed parts with the inter-unit passes and traction retarders being only major exceptions.

History

Testing and certification

The first tramcar entered for testing facility to Moscow Bauman Depot in November 2014, where it received onboard number 0203. The tram received the certificate of conformity in March 2015. 71-931 become the first Russian tram car that pass voluntary certification in road transport. The tram 71-931M entered for break-in to Volgograd metrotram line in July 2016. The break-in to in Moscow was in March 2017.

Participation in exhibitions

* ExpoCityTrans – October 29 – November 1, 2014 (in Moscow). *

Innoprom Innoprom is a large-scale international industrial exhibition annually held in Ekaterinburg, Russia. As declared, "the purpose of the Exhibition is to present advanced technologies developed in Russia which are ready to be used in industry, to faci ...

– July 8–11, 2015 (in

Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg (, ; ), alternatively Romanization of Russian, romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( ; 1924–1991), is a city and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Ural Federal District, Russia. The ci ...

). * ExpoCityTrans – November 29 – December 1, 2016 (in Moscow).

Supplies

* April 2015 – PK Transportnye Sistemy won an auction for supply of 10 cars 71-931 to St. Petersburg during 2015–2017. * In September 2016 – Consortium of "PK Transportnye Sistemy" and "Metrovagonmash" won a tender for delivery and 30-year maintenance of 300 cars 71-931 to Moscow during 2017–2019. The value of the contract was 56 billion rubles.

Operation by cities

Moscow tram 71-931 2200 20150404 229 (16870729348).jpg , Tramcar 71-931 #2200 in Moscow 71-931M in row.jpg , Tramcar 71-931M in Moscow Трамвайный вагон 71-931М "Витязь-М" № 31136 на маршруте 12, Москва.jpg , Tramcar 71-931M #31136 in Moscow 71-931 № 201 in Krasnodar.webm , thumbtime=2, Tramcar 71-931 No. 201 in Krasnodar

References

External links

Description of 71–931
on the manufacturer official website.
Photogallery and the list of 71–931
an
71-931М
trams on " TransPhoto" website. {{Transport Systems production Tram vehicles of Russia