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On 27 November 2024, a
ceasefire A ceasefire (also known as a truce), also spelled cease-fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions often due to mediation by a third party. Ceasefires may b ...
agreement was signed by
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
,
Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...
, and five mediating countries, including the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
.
Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...
attacked Israel on 8 October 2023, leading to a year of cross-border fighting, and on 1 October 2024, Israel invaded Lebanon. The agreement mandates a 60-day halt to hostilities, during which Israel must withdraw its forces from Southern Lebanon, and Hezbollah must withdraw its forces to north of the
Litani River The Litani River (), the classical Leontes (), is an important water resource in southern Lebanon. The river rises in the fertile Beqaa Valley, west of Baalbek, and empties into the Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre. Exceeding in length, the ...
. A five-country monitoring panel, led by the United States, would oversee the implementation, with 5,000 Lebanese troops deployed to ensure compliance. The agreement does not preclude either Israel or Lebanon from acting in self-defense, but Israeli and Lebanese officials disagreed with what that entails. Since the ceasefire went into effect, Lebanese sources claim Israeli attacks on Lebanon killed at least 83 civilians, while Israel claims dozens of Hezbollah fighters were killed in the midst of ceasefire violations. On 26 January 2025, the U.S. extended the agreement until 18 February. Once this deadline lapsed, Israel withdrew from populated areas in southern Lebanon but declared that it would temporarily remain in five "strategic" Lebanese positions along the border. In November 2024, US envoy Amos Hochstein met with Lebanese and Israeli leaders to negotiate the ceasefire deal. In Lebanon, he met with Lebanese Speaker of the Parliament Nabih Berri, who had Hezbollah's support to negotiate. On 20 November, Hezbollah Secretary-General Naim Qassem approved the deal. France was added as a mediator to the deal after it walked back on its statement that it would arrest Benjamin Netanyahu for alleged war crimes. After some delays from the Israeli side, Hochstein threatened to withdraw from negotiations unless Israel moved forward with the deal. On 26 November, Israel's security cabinet endorsed the agreement with a 10–1 vote. The ceasefire was hailed as a significant accomplishment for the administration of US president Joe Biden, with Biden stating that the agreement was "designed to be a permanent cessation of hostilities." The
2006 Lebanon war The 2006 Lebanon War was a 34-day armed conflict in Lebanon, fought between Hezbollah and Israel. The war started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, thoug ...
ended with UN Resolution 1701, which called for Israel to withdraw from Lebanon and for Hezbollah to disarm and withdraw north of the
Litani River The Litani River (), the classical Leontes (), is an important water resource in southern Lebanon. The river rises in the fertile Beqaa Valley, west of Baalbek, and empties into the Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre. Exceeding in length, the ...
. However, it was violated by both sides, as Hezbollah continued to accumulate arms and failed to withdraw north and the Israeli military continued to violate Lebanese airspace in the absence of hostilities. Due to economic crises, lack of resources, and historic weakness compared to both Hezbollah and Israel, numerous concerns have been raised regarding the Lebanese Armed Forces' ability to enforce both Resolution 1701 and the 2024 ceasefire. , Israel has been accused of dozens of ceasefire violations, allegedly killing at least 15 people, including a Lebanese Army officer and several civilians. Israel claims its attacks targeted Hezbollah fighters south of the Litani or imminent threats to its troops.
Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...
has also allegedly violated the ceasefire on numerous instances by moving its fighters south of the Litani, and has fired on
Israel Defense Forces The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the State of Israel. It consists of three service branches: the Israeli Ground Forces, the Israeli Air Force, and ...
at least once without causing casualties. , large-scale fighting between Israel and Hezbollah has not resumed despite the ceasefire's expiry and the lack of a follow-up agreement. Though Israeli civilian areas were struck by rocket fire from Lebanon multiple times in March 2025, leading to retaliatory Israeli strikes on
Beirut Beirut ( ; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, just under half of Lebanon's population, which makes it the List of largest cities in the Levant region by populatio ...
, Hezbollah claims it did not commit the attacks on Israel and that it is committed to abiding by the terms of the ceasefire.


Background

Shortly after the onset of the
Gaza war The Gaza war is an armed conflict in the Gaza Strip and southern Israel fought since 7 October 2023. A part of the unresolved Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian and Gaza–Israel conflict, Gaza–Israel conflicts dating ...
in October 2023, Hezbollah joined the conflict, citing solidarity with Palestinians. On 8 October 2023, Hezbollah started firing guided
rocket A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely ...
s and artillery shells at Israeli positions in the
Shebaa Farms The Shebaa Farms, also spelled Sheba'a Farms (, '; ''Havot Sheba‘a),'' also known as Mount Dov (), is a strip of land on the Lebanese–Syrian border that is currently occupied by Israel. Lebanon claims the Shebaa Farms as its own territory ...
, which it said was in solidarity with Palestinians following the 7 October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and beginning of Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip. Israel retaliated by launching drone strikes and artillery shells at Hezbollah positions. Israel also carried out airstrikes throughout Lebanon and in Syria. This quickly escalated into regular cross-border military exchanges between Hezbollah and Israel, impacting northern Israel, southern Lebanon and the
Golan Heights The Golan Heights, or simply the Golan, is a basaltic plateau at the southwest corner of Syria. It is bordered by the Yarmouk River in the south, the Sea of Galilee and Hula Valley in the west, the Anti-Lebanon mountains with Mount Hermon in t ...
. Hezbollah said it aimed to pressure Israel by forcing it to fight on two fronts. Hezbollah has offered an immediate ceasefire should a ceasefire also happen in Gaza. In September 2024, Israel carried out two waves of electronic device attacks targeting Hezbollah's communication systems and assassinated the group's leading figures, including killing secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah during a
bombing A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechan ...
on 27 September which destroyed Hezbollah's main headquarters in
Beirut Beirut ( ; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, just under half of Lebanon's population, which makes it the List of largest cities in the Levant region by populatio ...
. On 1 October, the Israeli military began a full-scale invasion of southern Lebanon although it had been conducting limited ground operations for some time. Israeli operations led to the significant dismantling of Hezbollah's military infrastructure in southern Lebanon and the destruction of a large portion of its missile stockpile. In northern Israel, the conflict forced approximately 96,000 individuals to leave their homes, while in Lebanon, over 1.4 million individuals have been displaced. Hezbollah stated it would not stop attacks against Israel until it stops its military operations in Gaza; Israel said its attacks would continue until its citizens could return safely to the north.


Negotiation process

On 5 January 2024, then Hezbollah Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah called for negotiations on the demarcation of the border between Lebanon and Israel (also concerning the disputed
Shebaa Farms The Shebaa Farms, also spelled Sheba'a Farms (, '; ''Havot Sheba‘a),'' also known as Mount Dov (), is a strip of land on the Lebanese–Syrian border that is currently occupied by Israel. Lebanon claims the Shebaa Farms as its own territory ...
territory). But he predicated these negotiations on a ceasefire in Gaza. In July 2024, Nasrallah again promised a ceasefire on the Lebanese border should a ceasefire also happen in Gaza. In June 2024, US envoy Amos Hochstein travelled to Lebanon to meet Lebanese Speaker of the Parliament Nabih Berri. He also met with Israeli Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu Benjamin Netanyahu (born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician who has served as the prime minister of Israel since 2022, having previously held the office from 1996 to 1999 and from 2009 to 2021. Netanyahu is the longest-serving prime min ...
in Israel. Hochstein also made a similar visit in August. A Lebanese analyst stated at the time that Hezbollah had not expected the war in Gaza "to continue for so long". On 25 September, the United States, European Union, Qatar and several other countries called for a 21-day ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon. Hezbollah leader Nasrallah expressed his agreement with this ceasefire proposal to the Lebanese Foreign Minister, but this was not communicated to the US State Department. On 27 September, Israel assassinated Nasrallah. A 60-day ceasefire was proposed in late October. In November 2024, US envoy Amos Hochstein met with Lebanese and Israeli leaders to negotiate the ceasefire deal. In Lebanon, he met with Lebanese Speaker of the Parliament Nabih Berri, who had Hezbollah's support to negotiate. On 20 November, Hezbollah Secretary-General Naim Qassem approved the deal. France was added as a mediator to the deal after it walked back on its statement that it would arrest Benjamin Netanyahu for alleged war crimes. After some delays from the Israeli side, Hochstein threatened to withdraw from negotiations unless Israel moved forward with the deal. On 27 November, Israel's security cabinet endorsed the agreement with a 10–1 vote. The ceasefire was hailed as a significant accomplishment for the Biden Administration, with US President
Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...
stating that the agreement was "designed to be a permanent cessation of hostilities."


Agreement

On 26 November 2024,
Prime Minister of Israel The prime minister of Israel (, Hebrew abbreviations, Hebrew abbreviation: ; , ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief executive of the Israel, State of Israel. Israel is a parliamentary republic with a President of Isra ...
Benjamin Netanyahu Benjamin Netanyahu (born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician who has served as the prime minister of Israel since 2022, having previously held the office from 1996 to 1999 and from 2009 to 2021. Netanyahu is the longest-serving prime min ...
announced the transfer of a ceasefire agreement to the Security Cabinet of Israel. The cabinet voted 10–1 in favor of approving the deal, with the sole opponent being National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir. The ceasefire agreement includes 13 clauses related to cessation of hostilities and responsibilities of the Lebanese and Israeli forces, whose content is summarized as: # "Israel and Lebanon will implement a cessation of hostilities beginning at 04:00 hours (IST/EET) on 27 November 2024." # "From the specified time, Lebanon will prevent Hezbollah and other armed groups from conducting operations against Israel. Israel will not carry out offensive military operations against Lebanese targets." # "Both nations recognize the importance of UNSCR 1701 for achieving lasting peace and security and commit to its full implementation without violation." # "Both nations retain the right of self-defense, consistent with international law." # The Lebanese army (LAF) and the Lebanese security forces will be the only armed groups in the Southern Litani area, as outlined in the LAF Deployment Plan." # "The Government of Lebanon will regulate and control the sale, supply, and production of arms and related materiel within Lebanon to prevent the rearmament of non-state groups." # "Lebanon's official military and security forces will monitor and enforce against unauthorized arms and related materiel, dismantle unauthorized facilities, and confiscate unauthorized arms, starting with the Southern Litani Area." # "The
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
and
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
will work to enable the deployment of 10,000 LAF soldiers to southern Lebanon and support the LAF's capabilities." # "Israel and Lebanon will reformulate and enhance the tripartite mechanism, chaired by the US and including France, to monitor and verify the enforcement of these commitments." # "Both nations will report alleged violations to the tripartite mechanism and UNIFIL, with procedures developed for consultation and enforcement. # "Lebanon will deploy its official military and security forces to all borders and border crossings, setting up roadblocks and checkpoints along the Southern Litani Area." # Israel will withdraw its forces south of the Blue Line in a phased manner, coordinated with the LAF's deployment to the Southern Litani Area, within 60 days." # "The United States, with UN partnership, will facilitate indirect negotiations between Israel and Lebanon to resolve remaining disputed points along the Blue Line, consistent with UNSCR 1701." According to Lebanese reports, a Lebanese government source reported that if no escalations or breaches of the agreement occur by 10 a.m. local time on 27 November 2024, the ceasefire agreement will go into effect.
Prime Minister of Lebanon The prime minister of Lebanon, officially the president of the Council of Ministers, is the head of government and the head of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon. The prime minister is appointed by the president of Lebanon, with the consen ...
Najib Mikati Najib Azmi Mikati (born 24 November 1955) is a Lebanese politician and businessman who served as the 52nd prime minister of Lebanon from 2021 to 2025. He previously served in this post as the 48th and 45th prime minister from 2011 to 2014 and i ...
issued strong support for the agreement and urged the international community to help implement the agreement immediately in order to "halt Israeli aggression".


Violations

Israel has been accused of violating the ceasefire by the Lebanese government, by Hezbollah and by France. On 2 December, France reported that Israel had violated the ceasefire 52 times. Israeli attacks on Lebanon have killed 3 Lebanese civilians since the ceasefire went into effect. Israel has accused Hezbollah of violating the ceasefire and announced its forces would remain in southern Lebanon beyond the 60-day deadline due to the Lebanese army not fully deploying and in some places helping Hezbollah. As of 28 November, there were no reported instances of Hezbollah firing at Israel since the ceasefire took effect. Nevertheless, as of 27 December, media reports that the ceasefire has largely continued to hold.


First violation

Conflicting claims have arisen on what the first violation of the ceasefire was. As per Israel, the first violation occurred on 27 November at 9:30 AM, at Kfar Kila, where "
Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...
operatives reportedly entered the town of Kfar Kila, which is only a few kilometers from the border," including a local commander. Conflicting reports also arose on whether the four were arrested or driven away. In the same incident, Israeli artillery fired 5 shells towards the Fatima border gate near Khiyam. By contrast, Lebanese state media claimed that the first violation of the ceasefire occurred on 27 November 2024, when Israeli forces opened fire on a group of journalists in the southern Lebanese town of Khiam, just hours after the ceasefire began. The journalists, including Abdelkader Bay, a video journalist, were reporting from the area when the shooting took place. Bay, along with another journalist from The
Associated Press The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit organization, not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1846, it operates as a cooperative, unincorporated association, and produces news reports that are dist ...
and one from
Sputnik Sputnik 1 (, , ''Satellite 1''), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space progra ...
, were wounded by Israeli gunfire. Bay recounted hearing the sound of Israeli tanks withdrawing from the area, followed by the sounds of gunfire directed at the group of journalists as they were filming. Despite clearly being identifiable as journalists, they were targeted by Israeli soldiers. Another journalist, Ali Hachicho, who was not injured, described how the shots were fired as soon as the journalists began documenting the military activities. The incident was condemned by the Syndicate of Lebanese Press Editors, who marked it as the first violation of the ceasefire agreement.


By Hezbollah

The IDF said suspects approached border areas which the ceasefire makes off-limits. They also identified activity in a Hezbollah facility used to hold medium-range rockets. The IDF also said that 2 Hezbollah members entered a site in Southern Lebanon used to fire dozens of rockets at Israel. The IDF also said that Hezbollah members attempted to reach no-go zones near the Israel-Lebanon border in violation of the ceasefire agreement. Other suspects were reported to have arrived in violation of the ceasefire to Southern Lebanon. On December 1, the IDF identified
Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...
operatives who it claimed fired at them from a church in South Lebanon, and killed several.


By Israel

The day after the ceasefire, the IDF shot at civilians returning to Khiam and used drones in the area, with reports from Israeli Army Radio and Channel 12 News indicating several civilian deaths. The Lebanese army did not comment on the incident. On 28 November, Lebanon accused Israel of violating the ceasefire with airstrikes and shelling on several villages, resulting in two injuries from tank fire. The Israeli airstrike targeted Hezbollah militants north of the Litani River, an area outside the ceasefire agreement. Additionally, Israeli forces injured civilians in Al-Taybeh and Marjeyouan, demolished homes in southern Lebanon, and moved into areas that it previously hadn't reached. Hassan Fadlallah, a member of the Lebanese Parliament, claimed that Israel targeted civilians seeking to return home. On 27 November, Nabih Berri, who negotiated the agreement from the Lebanese side, had told Lebanese refugees that they could return home. Meanwhile, Israeli PM Netanyahu instructed the Israeli army not to immediately allow refugees into villages near the border. The IDF said this was for their own safety. The IDF fired warning shots at vehicles approaching Kafr Kila, shot several people in Mais al-Jabal, and detained four Lebanese citizens it said were Hezbollah members. Despite the warnings, thousands of displaced Lebanese families began to return to their homes in southern Lebanon.


Attacks on civilians and infrastructure

The IDF has been accused of several instances of civilian targeting and/or civilian infrastructure destruction since the ceasefire. No such instances have been attributed to
Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...
as of February 2025: # On 27 November, the IDF shot at returning Lebanese civilians in Kafr Kila and shot several people in Mais al-Jabal. # On 27 and 28 November, the IDF shot at returning civilians in
Khiam Al-Khiyam (; sometimes spelled Khiam) is a large town and municipality in the Nabatieh Governorate of Southern Lebanon. Etymology According to Edward Henry Palmer, the name means tents. Haifa Nassar, a Khiyam-based journalist, cites sources that ...
and flew drones in the area, allegedly killing several and wounding more. That same day, the IDF allegedly shelled several Lebanese villages. Additionally, IDF tanks wounded 2 Lebanese civilians. # A drone strike targeting a civilian gathering in Al-Taybeh square injured 3 civilians and shelled areas of the Marjeyouan plain. # The IDF also allegedly demolished reportedly demolished numerous homes and moved in to the Tebna area. It also fired on civilians in a funeral. In Markaba, the IDF targeted a car with a drone-based airstrike and injured 3 civilians. # On 29 November, Israeli soldiers published a video of them deliberately running over and destroying ambulances in Southern Lebanon. On the same day, IDF forces pushed into areas of Lebanon which they had not previously entered with tanks and artillery, advancing on Markaba and
Khiam Al-Khiyam (; sometimes spelled Khiam) is a large town and municipality in the Nabatieh Governorate of Southern Lebanon. Etymology According to Edward Henry Palmer, the name means tents. Haifa Nassar, a Khiyam-based journalist, cites sources that ...
. They reportedly began demolishing roads and buildings in the areas they occupied. # On 30 November, an Israeli drone attack on a car in Majdal Zoun injured 3 including a child. # On 2 December, an Israeli strike on a house in Haris killed 5 people and injured 2 others. Earlier in the same day, several Israeli strikes killed a Lebanese Army officer and injured another. Bint Jbeil News later published an image of 6 people it said were killed in the strike, which included a woman and a child. # On 8 December, three more civilians were killed in an Israeli airstrike in Dibbin, south Lebanon. # On 26 January 2025, at least 26 people have been killed by Israeli forces in South Lebanon, and injuring over a hundred more. The attacks came on the day when Israeli troops were supposed to withdraw from southern Lebanon and allow civilians to return home. The United States announced that the deadline for Israel to withdraw from Lebanon was extended to February 18. # On 27 January, Israeli forces opened fire into several residents in South Lebanon, killing two civilians and injuring 17 more, according to Lebanon's health ministry. # On 31 January, two people were killed and ten others were injured in an Israeli airstrike in Janta,
Beqaa Valley The Beqaa Valley (, ; Bekaa, Biqâ, Becaa) is a fertile valley in eastern Lebanon and its most important farming region. Industry, especially the country's agricultural industry, also flourishes in Beqaa. The region broadly corresponds to th ...
, eastern Lebanon. # On 8 February, at least six people were killed and two others were wounded in an Israeli air raid in eastern Beqaa Valley, where Israel claimed they were targeting Hezbollah "operatives". # On 13 February, the Israeli military destroyed several sites in southern Lebanon, allegedly because the sites housed weapons depots and missile launch platforms, according to a military statement. # On 14 February, Israeli forces launched two airstrikes in areas of Nabatiyeh and Tyre. # On 15 February, an Israeli airstrike hit a car in Iqlim al-Tuffah, in southern Lebanon, killing 2 people, and injuring 4 others. # On 16 February, a Lebanese woman was killed and several others injured after Israeli forces opened fire upon civilians trying return to Houla, Lebanon. # On 25 February, two people were killed by an Israeli airstrike in the Beqaa Valley. # On 8 March, a Lebanese man was killed and another man was injured in an Israeli airstrike in south Lebanon. # On 22 March, seven people were killed and 40 others were injured by Israeli airstrikes. # On 28 March, three people were killed and at least 18 others were injured by Israeli airstrikes in Kfar Tebnit, south Lebanon. On that same day, Israel launched airstrikes on Beirut for the first time since the ceasefire. # On 1 April, four people were killed and seven were injured by an Israeli airstrike in Beirut. # On 18 April, two people were killed in separate Israeli drone strikes, one in
Sidon Sidon ( ) or better known as Saida ( ; ) is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast in the South Governorate, Lebanon, South Governorate, of which it is the capital. Tyre, Lebanon, Tyre, t ...
and one on a road between Ayta ash-Shaab and Rmaish. Israel claimed that both of them were members of Hezbollah. # On 27 April, Israel launched an airstrike on Dahieh, Beirut. No casualties were reported. On that same day, one person was killed in an Israeli airstrike in Halta, Nabatieh. # On 1 May, three people, including two Syrian nationals, were killed on a vehicle by an Israeli attack in Mais al-Jabal. On that same day, a volunteer of the Lebanese Civil Defense was killed by a drone strike by Israel. # On 8 May, one person was killed and eight others were injured in several locations across the Nabatieh region. # On 22 May, one person was killed and another was injured by Israeli airstrikes in
Toul Toul () is a Communes of France, commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle Departments of France, department in north-eastern France. It is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture of the department. Geography Toul is between Commercy and Nancy, Fra ...
. # On 29 May, several Israeli airstrikes targeted southern Lebanon, killing a municipal worker in Nabatieh al-Fawqa and another person was killed by Israeli gunfire in Kfar Kila, according to the Ministry of Public Health. # On 31 May, a Hezbollah member was killed by an Israeli airstrike while he was in a vehicle in Deir ez-Zahrani, Nabatieh Governorate.


Reactions


Lebanon

Prime Minister
Najib Mikati Najib Azmi Mikati (born 24 November 1955) is a Lebanese politician and businessman who served as the 52nd prime minister of Lebanon from 2021 to 2025. He previously served in this post as the 48th and 45th prime minister from 2011 to 2014 and i ...
called for unity in Lebanon after the "most cruel phase in Lebanese history", stressing that the Lebanese army should provide security in southern Lebanon and that Israel abides by the deal and withdraws from Lebanese territory. He said that he hoped for a "new page" after the ceasefire.


Hezbollah

On April 2025, Hezbollah signaled willingness to discuss disarmament with President Joseph Aoun, on the condition that Israel withdraws from five southern hilltop positions and halts its strikes. Aoun, under rising pressure, seeks to bring all weapons under state control. The group, weakened by the 2024 conflict, insists Israel must act first before any transfer of arms.


Israel

In a public announcement on Israeli television following deliberation of the ceasefire terms, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu asserted his support for the deal on the basis that a ceasefire would allow the IDF to focus primarily on the
Gaza war The Gaza war is an armed conflict in the Gaza Strip and southern Israel fought since 7 October 2023. A part of the unresolved Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian and Gaza–Israel conflict, Gaza–Israel conflicts dating ...
and towards the "Iranian threat". He stated that "we are changing the face of the region". He further stated that the ceasefire was considered due to claimed Israeli success in the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon because Hezbollah was "no longer the same group that launched a war against us", and that the Israeli Defense Forces had "set them back decades". He stated that the Israeli army had achieved many of its goals in the invasion and airstrikes by killing most of Hezbollah's leadership and destroying large numbers of Lebanese infrastructure linked to them. Former Israeli consul-general and ambassador Alon Pinkas deemed the deal "unenforceable" due to it assuming that the Lebanese army will supervise weapon production and distribution. He described this assumption as "impossible" due to Hezbollah's independence from the Lebanese army in weapon distribution and inability to cooperate. Israeli Security Minister and
far-right Far-right politics, often termed right-wing extremism, encompasses a range of ideologies that are marked by ultraconservatism, authoritarianism, ultranationalism, and nativism. This political spectrum situates itself on the far end of the ...
politician Itamar Ben-Gvir expressed dissatisfaction with the ceasefire deal due to it not providing Israel with a "security belt", not allowing Israelis to return to Northern Israel, and not providing the Lebanese army resistance against Hezbollah.


Middle East

* : Foreign ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baghael welcomed the ceasefire agreement hoping it would end Israeli attacks on Lebanon. * : The Palestinian presidency expressed hope that the ceasefire will "contribute to stopping the violence and instability that the region is suffering from." * : Hamas stated that it is "committed to cooperating with any effort to reach a ceasefire in Gaza," and that it "appreciates" Hezbollah's right to form a deal protecting Lebanese people. * Several Palestinian citizens expressed significant concern over the potential ceasefire agreement allowing Israel to direct all its military forces towards bombardments and invasions in the
Gaza Strip The Gaza Strip, also known simply as Gaza, is a small territory located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea; it is the smaller of the two Palestinian territories, the other being the West Bank, that make up the State of Palestine. I ...
, exacerbating an already severe humanitarian crisis.
Al Jazeera Al Jazeera Media Network (AJMN; , ) is a private-media conglomerate headquartered in Wadi Al Sail, Doha, funded in part by the government of Qatar. The network's flagship channels include Al Jazeera Arabic and Al Jazeera English, which pro ...
political analyst Marwan Bishara called the deal a "very temporary, fragile truce" due to it allowing Israel to resume military operations at any perceived provocation by Hezbollah and Israel's continued commitment to breaking down Hezbollah.


International

* : Secretary of State
Antony Blinken Antony John Blinken (born April 16, 1962) is an American lawyer and diplomat who served as the 71st United States secretary of state from 2021 to 2025. He previously served as Deputy National Security Advisor, deputy national security advisor ...
, praised the agreement and spoke with optimism that this ceasefire could also be a framework for a ceasefire in Gaza.
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Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...
and French President
Emmanuel Macron Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron (; born 21 December 1977) is a French politician who has served as President of France and Co-Prince of Andorra since 2017. He was Ministry of Economy and Finance (France), Minister of Economics, Industr ...
released a joint statement praising the agreement, saying that it will "secure Israel from the threat of Hezbollah and other terrorist organizations operating from Lebanon". * :
Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...
Keir Starmer Sir Keir Rodney Starmer (born 2 September 1962) is a British politician and lawyer who has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2024 and as Leader of the Labour Party (UK), Leader of the Labour Party since 2020. He previously ...
praised a "long overdue" ceasefire that would "provide some measure of relief to the civilian populations" of Lebanon and Israel. * :
Chancellor Chancellor () is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separa ...
Olaf Scholz offered his support for the ceasefire and stressed the importance that all sides stick "to what has been agreed". * :
Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...
Shehbaz Sharif Mian Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif (born 23 September 1951) is a Pakistani politician and businessman who has served as the 20th Prime Minister of Pakistan, prime minister of Pakistan since March 2024, having previously been in the role between Ap ...
welcomed the ceasefire and called for security for the Lebanese people. Pakistan also called for an end to the Israeli attacks in Gaza. * : The
Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral r ...
issued a statement stating "We remain hopeful that the ceasefire will pave the way for enduring peace and stability in Lebanon and the region". * :
President of the European Commission The president of the European Commission, also known as president of the College of Commissioners is the Head of government, head of the European Commission, the Executive (government), executive branch of the European Union (EU). The president ...
Ursula von der Leyen Ursula Gertrud von der Leyen (; ; born 8 October 1958) is a German politician, serving as president of the European Commission since 2019. She served in the Cabinet of Germany, German federal government between 2005 and 2019, holding position ...
called the ceasefire "very encouraging news," noting it offers Lebanon a chance to bolster its internal security and stability by limiting Hezbollah's influence. * : A top official confirmed the ceasefire and warned that "considerable work lies ahead" to implement the ceasefire deal. * : The Foreign Ministry issued a statement in which it reported that the Uruguayan government welcomed the ceasefire as a necessary opportunity for peace and the recovery of regional stability. It emphasized Uruguay's commitment to international efforts towards a lasting peace, for which it insists on the urgency of also reaching a political agreement on other fronts that would allow the release of hostages, the ceasefire in Gaza and the entry of more humanitarian aid.


Analysts

Many Lebanese are eager for an end to the conflict, but concerns persist that Hezbollah may disregard the ceasefire and rearm in southern Lebanon. On the Israeli side, the prolonged displacement of civilians near the border and the strain on the military continue to drive the need for a solution. Writing for the Institute for the Study of War, Brian Carter argued that the ceasefire agreement represented a significant military victory for Israel. In his analysis, Israel had dealt severe damage to Hezbollah and achieved its key objectives, while forcing Hezbollah to concede its own stated objective (to force an end to the
Gaza war The Gaza war is an armed conflict in the Gaza Strip and southern Israel fought since 7 October 2023. A part of the unresolved Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian and Gaza–Israel conflict, Gaza–Israel conflicts dating ...
). While arguing that the war and the resulting agreement had significantly shifted the strategic situation in Israel's favor, he also stated that Hezbollah would almost certainly attempt to rebuild its strength. According to ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...
'', Hezbollah abandoning its demand that they would accept a ceasefire only if Israel stopped attacking Gaza, and agreeing to give an oversight role to the United States, were signs that they were desperate to stop the war.


See also

* May 17 Agreement * 2023 Gaza war ceasefire *
2025 Gaza war ceasefire A List of Arab–Israeli prisoner exchanges, hostages-and-prisoners exchange and armistice between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups in the Gaza Strip took effect from 19 January to 18 March 2025, during the Gaza war. It includ ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire agreement, 2024 2024 in international relations Hezbollah ceasefire agreement November 2024 in Lebanon
Ceasefire A ceasefire (also known as a truce), also spelled cease-fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions often due to mediation by a third party. Ceasefires may b ...
Ceasefires in the Arab–Israeli conflict Foreign relations of Hezbollah Hezbollah ceasefire agreement Hezbollah ceasefire agreement France–Lebanon relations France–United States relations Ceasefire agreement Hezbollah ceasefire agreement Hezbollah ceasefire agreement Lebanon–United States relations