The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...

. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Background

In accordance with the rules set by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first set of deputies to the NPC were elected in the spring and summer of 1954, the first elections under the 1953 Electoral Law which set rules for elections in the PRC, by the following: * Provincial legislatures * Legislative councils of the directly administered cities * Regional legislature of Inner Mongolia

Seat distribution

The first session

Members voting in the 1st meeting of the 1st NPC

The first plenary session was held in September 1954. The Congress passed the

1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China The 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China was adopted and enacted on September 20, 1954, through the first session of the First National People’s Congress in Beijing. This constitution was amended and formulated on the basis ...

. It elected the state leaders: * Chairman of the People's Republic of China:

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; traditionally Romanization of Chinese, romanised as Mao Tse-tung. (26December 18939September 1976) was a Chinese politician, revolutionary, and political theorist who founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in ...

* Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De *

Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress The chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is the Speaker (politics), presiding officer of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), which is the permanent body of the National People's Cong ...

Liu Shaoqi Liu Shaoqi ( ; 24 November 189812 November 1969) was a Chinese revolutionary and politician. He was the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1954 to 1959, first-ranking Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communis ...

* Premier of the State Council:

Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai ( zh, s=周恩来, p=Zhōu Ēnlái, w=Chou1 Ên1-lai2; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat, and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China from September 1954 unti ...

President of the Supreme People's Court The president of the Supreme People's Court is the head of the Supreme People's Court and is the highest-ranking official in the Chinese judiciary. Under the current constitution, the president of the SPC is appointed by and serves at the pleasu ...

: Dong Biwu * Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate: Zhang Dingcheng

References

{{National People's Congress National People's Congresses 1954 establishments in China 1954 in Beijing 1955 in Beijing 1956 in Beijing 1957 in Beijing 1958 in Beijing 1959 in Beijing