These are the collective events from the

19th century The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was Abolitionism, ...

in the year 1986 in

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

. With former

leaders Leadership, is defined as the ability of an individual, group, or organization to "", influence, or guide other individuals, teams, or organizations. "Leadership" is a contested term. Specialist literature debates various viewpoints on the c ...

and development to the

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

states State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

Incumbents

President of Israel The president of the State of Israel (, or ) is the head of state of Israel. The president is mostly, though not entirely, ceremonial; actual executive power is vested in the Cabinet of Israel, cabinet led by the Prime Minister of Israel, pr ...

–

Chaim Herzog Chaim Herzog (; 17 September 1918 – 17 April 1997) was an Israeli politician, military officer, lawyer and author who served as the president of Israel between 1983 and 1993. Born in Belfast and raised primarily in Dublin, the son of Ireland' ...

Prime Minister of Israel The prime minister of Israel (, Hebrew abbreviations, Hebrew abbreviation: ; , ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief executive of the Israel, State of Israel. Israel is a parliamentary republic with a President of Isra ...

–

Shimon Peres Shimon Peres ( ; ; born Szymon Perski, ; 2 August 1923 – 28 September 2016) was an Israeli politician and statesman who served as the prime minister of Israel from 1984 to 1986 and from 1995 to 1996 and as the president of Israel from 2007 t ...

(

Alignment Alignment may refer to: Archaeology * Alignment (archaeology), a co-linear arrangement of features or structures with external landmarks * Stone alignment, a linear arrangement of upright, parallel megalithic standing stones Biology * Struc ...

) until 20 October,

Yitzhak Shamir Yitzhak Shamir (, ; born Yitzhak Yezernitsky; October 22, 1915 – June 30, 2012) was an Israeli politician and the seventh prime minister of Israel, serving two terms (1983–1984, 1986–1992). Before the establishment of the State of Israel, ...

(

Likud Likud (, ), officially known as Likud – National Liberal Movement (), is a major Right-wing politics, right-wing, political party in Israel. It was founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin and Ariel Sharon in an alliance with several right-wing par ...

) * President of the Supreme Court –

Meir Shamgar Meir Shamgar (; August 13, 1925 – October 18, 2019) was the chief justice of the Israeli Supreme Court from 1983 to 1995. Biography Meir Shamgar (Sterenberg or Sternberg) was born in the Free City of Danzig (present-day Gdańsk, Poland) to E ...

Chief of General Staff The Chief of the General Staff (CGS) is a post in many armed forces (militaries), the head of the military staff. List * Chief of the General Staff (Abkhazia) * Chief of General Staff (Afghanistan) * Chief of the General Staff (Albania) * Chi ...

–

Moshe Levi Moshe Levy (; April 18, 1936 – January 8, 2008) was an Israeli military commander and the 12th Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). He served in this position from 1983 to 1987, towards the end of the first Lebanon war and the es ...

Government of Israel The Cabinet of Israel (; ) is the cabinet which exercises Executive (government), executive authority in the State of Israel. It consists of Minister (government), ministers who are chosen and led by the Prime Minister of Israel, prime ministe ...

– 21st Government of Israel until 20 October, 22nd Government of Israel

Events

* 1 January – The

New Israeli shekel The new Israeli shekel (, ; ; currency symbol, sign: Shekel sign, ₪; ISO 4217, ISO code: ILS; unofficial abbreviation: NIS), also known as simply the Israeli shekel (; ), is the currency of Israel and is also used as a legal tender in the Pa ...

(NIS) replaces the old shekel as Israel's official currency. * 4 February – Israeli jet fighters intercept a Libyan civil aircraft over Cyprus and force it to land in Israel. * 11 February – After a period of imprisonment of nine years in a

Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...

labor camp A labor camp (or labour camp, see British and American spelling differences, spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are unfree labour, forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have ...

, the Soviet-Jewish

refusenik Refusenik (, ; alternatively spelled refusnik) was an unofficial term for individuals—typically, but not exclusively, Soviet Jews—who were denied permission to emigrate, primarily to Israel, by the authorities of the Soviet Union and oth ...

and human rights advocate

Natan Sharansky Natan Sharansky (; born 20 January 1948) is an Israeli politician, human rights activist, and author. He served as Chairman of the Executive for the Jewish Agency for Israel, Jewish Agency from June 2009 to August 2018, and currently serves as ...

and three low-level Western spies are exchanged for Czech spies held in the US, a Soviet spy, a Polish spy and a

GDR East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on 3 October 1990. Until 1989, it was generally vie ...

spy (the latter three held in Western Germany). Sharansky subsequently emigrates to Israel. * 16 April –

Bejski Commission The Bejski Commission () was a National Commission of Inquiry established by the Israeli government on January 7, 1985. Headed by the Supreme Court justice Moshe Bejski, its remit was to examine events surrounding the 1983 Tel Aviv stock market cra ...

publishes its report. * 3 May –

Moti Giladi Mordechai "Moti" Giladi (; born December 18, 1946) is an Israeli singer and actor. He released his first album in 1969 after he finished his military service. He lived in the United States of America in the seventies and was a cantor in a Jew ...

and Sarah Tzuriel represent

Israel at the Eurovision Song Contest Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

with the song “ Yavo Yom” ("A Day will Come"). * 4 June –

Jonathan Pollard Jonathan Jay Pollard (born August 7, 1954) is an American former intelligence analyst who was jailed for spying for Israel. In 1984, Pollard sold numerous state secrets, including the National Security Agency's ten-volume manual on how the U.S. ...

pleads guilty to

espionage Espionage, spying, or intelligence gathering, as a subfield of the intelligence field, is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information ( intelligence). A person who commits espionage on a mission-specific contract is called an ...

for selling top secret United States

military intelligence Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis List of intelligence gathering disciplines, approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist Commanding officer, commanders in decision making pr ...

to Israel. * 30 September – Israeli

Mossad The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (), popularly known as Mossad ( , ), is the national intelligence agency of the Israel, State of Israel. It is one of the main entities in the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with M ...

agent

Cheryl Bentov Cheryl Ben Tov (; born Cheryl Hanin in , is an American real estate agent and former Israeli Mossad agent who in 1986, under the name "Cindy", she persuaded former Israeli nuclear technician Mordechai Vanunu to go with her to Rome, in the contex ...

who befriended Israeli nuclear weapons

whistleblower Whistleblowing (also whistle-blowing or whistle blowing) is the activity of a person, often an employee, revealing information about activity within a private or public organization that is deemed illegal, immoral, illicit, unsafe, unethical or ...

Mordechai Vanunu Mordechai Vanunu (; born 14 October 1954), also known as John Crossman, is an Israeli former nuclear technician and peace activist who, citing his opposition to weapons of mass destruction, revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program ...

persuades him to fly to Rome with her on a holiday. Once in Rome,

agents overpower and drug him and carry him to a waiting ship off the coast, which takes him to Israel. * 5 October – Israeli secret nuclear weapons are revealed by the British newspaper; ''

The Sunday Times ''The Sunday Times'' is a British Sunday newspaper whose circulation makes it the largest in Britain's quality press market category. It was founded in 1821 as ''The New Observer''. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of N ...

'', which publishes an interview with

, a former Israeli nuclear technician who revealed details of the program. * 16 October – An Israeli

F-4 Phantom The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber that was developed by McDonnell Aircraft for the United States Navy.Swanborough and Bowers ...

, piloted by Yishai Aviram, is inadvertently damaged midair and abandoned, resulting in the capture of

flight navigator The basic principles of air navigation are identical to general navigation, which includes the process of planning, recording, and controlling the movement of a craft from one place to another. Successful air navigation involves piloting an airc ...

then-Captain Ron Arad by Amal, the Lebanese Shi'ite militia. To this day, the whereabouts of Arad has not been disclosed by his captors. * 20 October – The twenty-first government is replaced by the twenty-second government, when

replaces Peres as Prime Minister in accordance with the rotation agreement between

the Alignment ''The Alignment'' is the first studio album by Christian alternative- rock band Samestate, released on February 28, 2012, by Sparrow Records. Critical reception Elise F. of Alpha Omega News wrote that "For a debut, however, ''The Alignment'' ...

and

. * 23 October – The beginning of experimental broadcasts of the Israeli Channel 2. * 19 December:

Carmelit The Carmelit ( Arabic: كرمليت) is an underground funicular railway in Haifa, Israel. Construction started in 1956 and ended in 1959. It is the oldest funicular railway and underground transit system in the Middle East and was the only unde ...

metro shut down for intensive renovation to be reopened in 1992.

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1986 include: Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets
The most prominent Palestinian militant acts and operations committed against Israeli targets during 1986 include: * 17 April –

Hindawi affair The Hindawi affair was a failed attempt to bomb El Al Flight 016, from London to Tel Aviv in April 1986 by Nezar Nawwaf al-Mansur al-Hindawi (, born 1954), a Jordanian citizen. On the morning of 17 April 1986, at Heathrow Airport in London, Is ...

: An attempt to bomb an

El Al EL AL Israel Airlines Ltd. (), trading as EL AL (, "Upwards", "To the Skies", or "Skywards", stylized as ELAL; ) is the flag carrier of Israel. Since its inaugural flight from Geneva to Tel Aviv in September 1948, the airline has grown to serve ...

flight from London to

Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( or , ; ), sometimes rendered as Tel Aviv-Jaffa, and usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a popula ...

is foiled. * 6–22 September Turkish Jews were killed by Palestinian terrorists belonging to the

Abu Nidal Organization The Abu Nidal Organization (ANO; ), officially Fatah – Revolutionary Council ( ), was a Palestinian militant group founded by Abu Nidal in 1974. It broke away from Fatah, a faction within the Palestine Liberation Organization, following t ...

while attending service at the

Neve Shalom Synagogue The Neve Shalom Synagogue (; ) is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at Büyük Hendek Caddesi 61, in the Karaköy quarter of the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, in the Istanbul Province of Turkey. History The synagogue was built i ...

. Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets
The most prominent Israeli military

counter-terrorism Counterterrorism (alternatively spelled: counter-terrorism), also known as anti-terrorism, relates to the practices, military tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, law enforcement, businesses, and intelligence agencies use to co ...

operations (

military campaign A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from th ...

s and

military operations A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operatio ...

) carried out against

Palestinian militants Palestinian political violence refers to acts of violence or terrorism committed by Palestinians with the intent to accomplish political goals in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Common objectives of political violence by Pal ...

during 1986 include:

known dates

* The founding of the

community settlement A community settlement (, ''Yishuv Kehilati'') is a type of town or village in Israel and in the West Bank. In an ordinary town, anyone may buy property, but in a community settlement, the village's residents are organized in a cooperative an ...

Eshhar founded in

1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. ** Spain and Portugal en ...

. * The founding of the

Kokhav Ya'ir founded in

Notable births

* 7 January –

Daphne Leef Daphni Leef (; born 7 January 1986) is an Israeli social activist, video artist, and editor. In July 2011 she initiated the 2011 Israeli social justice protests, 2011 Israeli Social Justice Protest that took place in Tel Aviv and were the largest ...

, Israeli activist who is the initiator of the

2011 housing protests in Israel The 2011 Israeli social justice protests (), which are also referred to by various other names in the media, were a series of demonstrations in Israel beginning in July 2011 involving hundreds of thousands of protesters from a variety of socio- ...

. * 24 January –

Raviv Ullman Raviv Chanan "Ricky" Ullman (; born 24 January 1986) is an Israeli Americans, Israeli-American actor, director, and musician. He is best known for playing Phil Diffy, the main character in the Disney Channel series ''Phil of the Future''. Early ...

, Israeli-born American actor. * 8 February –

Agam Rodberg Agam Rudberg (; born 8 February 1986) is an Israeli actress and model. Early life Rudberg was born in moshav Ramat Tzvi, Israel, to an Israeli-born father of Ashkenazi Romanian-Jewish and Latvian-Jewish descent, and to a Moroccan Jewish moth ...

, Israeli model and actress. * 3 March –

Michael Moshonov Michael Moshonov (; born ) is an Israeli actor, rapper, musician and TV host. Moshonov won the Ophir Award, Ophir Award for Best Actor twice, for ''Lost Islands (film), Lost Islands'' and for ''The Human Resources Manager''. He is also known prof ...

, Israeli actor. * 10 March –

Roni Duani Liron Roni Duani-Moncaz (; born ), formerly known by her professional name Roni Superstar (), is an Israeli pop singer, model, actress, television host, fitness instructor and entrepreneur. During her singing career, she was often compared to B ...

, Israeli pop singer, actress, TV host, and model. * 4 June –

Yahav Winner Yahav Winner (; 4 June 1986 – 7 October 2023) was an Israeli filmmaker, actor, producer and cinematographer. He was murdered in the Kfar Aza massacre, part of the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, October 7 Hamas-led attack during the Gaza war. ...

, Israeli director and murder victim. (d.

2023 Catastrophic natural disasters in 2023 included the Lists of 21st-century earthquakes, 5th-deadliest earthquake of the 21st century 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes, striking Turkey and Syria, leaving up to 62,000 people dead; Cyclone Freddy ...

) * 28 August –

Gilad Shalit Gilad Shalit (, ''Gilˁad Šaliṭ'' ; born 28 August 1986) is a former MIA soldier of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) who, on 25 June 2006, was captured by Palestinian militants in a cross-border raid via tunnels near the Israeli border. Ham ...

, Israeli soldier held as a hostage. * 1 September –

Shahar Tzuberi Shahar Tzuberi (or Zubari, ; born 1 September 1986) is an Israeli windsurfer and Olympic bronze medalist, surfing in the "Neil Pryde" RS:X discipline. He is a nephew of Gad Tsobari, the 1972 Olympic wrestler who escaped from Arab terrorists d ...

, Israeli windsurfer and Olympic bronze medalist.

Notable deaths

* 8 February –

Yisrael Galili Yisrael Galili (; 10 February 1911 – 8 February 1986) was an Israeli politician, government minister and member of Knesset. Before Israel's independence in 1948, he served as Chief of Staff of Haganah, the main Zionist political violence, Zion ...

(born 1911), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli politician. * 29 July – Dan Pagis (born 1930), Romanian (

Bukovina Bukovina or ; ; ; ; , ; see also other languages. is a historical region at the crossroads of Central and Eastern Europe. It is located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains, today divided betwe ...

Incumbents

Events

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

known dates

Notable births

Notable deaths

Major public holidays

See also

References

External links