1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene is an
organochlorine compound
Organochlorine chemistry is concerned with the properties of organochlorine compounds, or organochlorides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–chlorine bonds. The chloroalkane class (alkanes with one or more hydrogens substituted ...
with the chemical formula . This is one of three isomers of
trichlorobenzene Trichlorobenzene (TCB) may refer to any of three isomeric chlorinated derivatives of benzene
Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is ...
; the two others are
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene and
1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene.
Synthesis
1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene can be prepared via
dehydrohalogenation
In chemistry, dehydrohalogenation is an elimination reaction which removes a hydrogen halide from a substrate (chemistry), substrate. The reaction is usually associated with the synthesis of alkenes, but it has wider applications.
Dehydrohalogen ...
of
hexachlorocyclohexane
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), , is any of several polyhalogenated organic compounds consisting of a six-carbon ring with one chlorine and one hydrogen attached to each carbon. This structure has nine stereoisomers (eight diastereomers, one of whi ...
. Also, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene is formed as a byproduct. Small amounts of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene can also be produced while chlorinating
benzene
Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal Ring (chemistry), ring with one hyd ...
with
iron(III) chloride
Iron(III) chloride describes the inorganic compounds with the formula (H2O)x. Also called ferric chloride, these compounds are some of the most important and commonplace compounds of iron. They are available both in anhydrous and in hydrated f ...
as a catalyst.
Physical properties
The compound forms white crystals with a faint aromatic odor. It is combustible and poorly soluble in water.
The substance is irritating to eyes and the respiratory tract.
Uses
1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene is used as a
herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weed killers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page f ...
.
Also as a solvent for high-melting products, as a
coolant
A coolant is a substance, typically liquid, that is used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system. An ideal coolant has high thermal capacity, low viscosity, is low-cost, non-toxic, chemically inert and neither causes nor promotes corr ...
in electrical installations and glass tempering.
See also
*
Chlorobenzenes Chlorobenzenes are a group of aryl chlorides/ halobenzenes consisting of one or more chlorine atoms as substituents on a benzene core. They have the formula C6H6–''n''Cl''n'', where ''n'' = 1–6 is the number of chlorine atoms. Depending on the ...
—different numbers of chlorine substituents and isomeric forms.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trichlorobenzene, 1, 2, 3-
Chlorobenzenes
Chlorine compounds