enzymology An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...

, a galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase () is an

enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed by the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recycles quick ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemistry, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an Gibbs free energy, ...

:GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-R

\rightleftharpoons

GDP + alpha-L-fucosyl-1,2-beta-D-galactosyl-R Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GDP-beta-L-fucose and beta-D-galactosyl-R, whereas its two

products Product may refer to: Business * Product (business), an item that can be offered to a market to satisfy the desire or need of a customer. * Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution ...

are

GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the total market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries. GDP is often used to measure the economic performance o ...

and alpha-L-fucosyl-1,2-beta-D-galactosyl-R. This enzyme belongs to the family of

glycosyltransferase Glycosyltransferases (GTFs, Gtfs) are enzymes ( EC 2.4) that establish natural glycosidic linkages. They catalyze the transfer of saccharide moieties from an activated nucleotide sugar (also known as the "glycosyl donor") to a nucleophilic gl ...

s, specifically the

hexosyltransferase Hexosyltransferases are a type of glycosyltransferase that catalyze the transfer of a hexose. Examples include: * glucosyltransferases - transfer glucose * galactosyltransferases - transfer galactose * fucosyltransferases - transfer fucose * glu ...

s. This enzyme participates in 4

metabolic pathways In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. The reactants, products, and intermediates of an enzymatic reaction are known as metabolites, which are modified by a sequence of chemical ...

: glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lactoseries,

glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - neo-lactoseries Glycosphingolipids are a subtype of glycolipids containing the amino alcohol sphingosine. They may be considered as sphingolipids with an attached carbohydrate. Glycosphingolipids are a group of lipids (more specifically, sphingolipids) and are a p ...

, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globoseries, and glycan structures - biosynthesis 2.

Nomenclature

The

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivi ...

of this enzyme class is: * GDP-beta-L-fucose:beta-D-galactosyl-R 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase Other names in common use include: * blood group H alpha-2-fucosyltransferase * guanosine diphosphofucose-galactoside 2-L-fucosyltransferase * alpha-(1->2)-L-fucosyltransferase * alpha-2-fucosyltransferase * alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferase * blood-group substance H-dependent fucosyltransferase * guanosine diphosphofucose-glycoprotein 2-alpha-fucosyltransferase * guanosine diphosphofucose-lactose fucosyltransferase * GDP fucose-lactose fucosyltransferase * guanosine diphospho-L-fucose-lactose fucosyltransferase * guanosine diphosphofucose-beta-D-galactosyl-alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferase * * alpha-L-fucosyltransferase, guanosine diphosphofucose-glycoprotein 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase * H-gene-encoded beta-galactoside alpha1->2fucosyltransferase * secretor-type beta-galactoside alpha1->2fucosyltransferase * beta-galactoside alpha1->2fucosyltransferase * GDP-L-fucose:lactose fucosyltransferase

References

* * * * EC 2.4.1 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.4-enzyme-stub