Židlochovice (; ) is a town in

Brno-Country District Brno-Country District () is a Okres, district in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Brno. The most populated town of the district is Kuřim. The district is made up of 187 municipalities, which is the highes ...

in the

South Moravian Region The South Moravian Region (; , ; ), or just South Moravia, is an Regions of the Czech Republic, administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, th ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It has about 3,700 inhabitants.

Etymology

According to one theory, the name is derived from Old Czech word ''židlina'', meaning 'swamp'. According the second theory, the name is derived from the old personal Slavic name Židla or Židloch. The German name was derived from the Czech one.

Geography

Židlochovice is located about south of

Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...

. It lies in the

Dyje–Svratka Valley The Dyje–Svratka Valley () is a valley and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the South Moravian Region. Its name is derived from the rivers Thaya (Dyje) and Svratka. Geomorphology The Dyje–Svratka Valley ...

. The highest point is the hill Výhon at above sea level. The town is situated in the valley of the Svratka River. The Litava River joins the Svratka in the town.

History

The first written mention of Židlochovice is from 1237. Among the owners of the Židlochovice estate were the houses of Pernštejn,

Zierotin The House of Zierotin or House of Žerotín () was a Czech Bohemian nobility, noble family in the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, one of the oldest and most illustrious noble families from Bohemia and Moravia. The ancestors of the family were first m ...

Dietrichstein The House of Dietrichstein was one of the oldest and most prominent Austrian nobility, Austrian noble families originating in the Duchy of Carinthia. The family belonged to the Uradel, high nobility (German: ''Hochadel''). The Mikulov Castle, Niko ...

and

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout Europe d ...

. In 1873, Židlochovice was promoted to a town.

Demographics

Economy

Židlochovice is known for

viticulture Viticulture (, "vine-growing"), viniculture (, "wine-growing"), or winegrowing is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine ...

and wine-making. The town lies in the Velkopavlovická wine subregion.

Transport

Židlochovice is the terminus of a railway line from Brno.

Sights

The main landmark of the town is the Židlochovice Castle. It was originally built in the 14th century as a water fortress, then it was gradually rebuilt into an aristocratic residence. The main reconstruction was the Baroque reconstruction that took place during the rule of Count Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf between 1696 and 1742, who chose Židlochovice as his main seat. Today it is owned by a state company which takes care of the forests, and is not accessible to the public. The castle includes a large castle park, which was founded in the early 18th century and is freely accessible. A notable building is the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. It was building in the Baroque style in the 1720s according to the design by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt. The town hall is originally a Renaissance house, rebuilt in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Notable people

Jan IV of Pernštejn Jan IV of Pernštejn (also known as ''Jan of Pernstein, John of Pernstein, Jan the Rich'' or ''John the Rich'' in English, ''Jan z Pernštejna a na Helfštejně'' or ''Jan Bohatý'' in Czech, and ''Johann von Pernstein'' or ''Hans von Pernstein ...

(1487–1548), nobleman; died here * Wenzel von Linhart (1821–1877), Austrian surgeon * Maurice Strakosch (1825–1887), American musician and impresario *

Manó Kogutowicz Manó Kogutowicz or Emanuel Thomas Kogutovicz (21 December 1851 – 22 December 1908) was a Polish people, Polish-Hungarians, Hungarian cartographer. He was the founder of the Hungarian Geographical Institute. Life and career Manó Kogutowicz ...

(1851–1908), Hungarian cartographer *

Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen (Friedrich Maria Albrecht Wilhelm Karl; 4 June 1856 – 30 December 1936) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the Supreme Commander of the Imperial and Royal Armed Forces of the Austro-Hungaria ...

(1856–1936), nobleman and supreme commander *

Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria Archduke Charles Stephen Eugene Viktor Felix Maria of Austria (, ; 5 September 1860 – 7 April 1933) was a member of the House of Habsburg, a Grand Admiral in the Austro-Hungarian Navy and candidate for the Kingdom of Poland (1916-1918), Polish ...

(1860–1933), nobleman and admiral *

Archduke Eugen of Austria Archduke Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria of Austria-Teschen (21 May 1863 – 30 December 1954) was an Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Austria and a Prince of Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemia. He was the last Gra ...

(1863–1954), nobleman and army commander

Twin towns – sister cities

Židlochovice is twinned with: * Gbely, Slovakia *

Montevago Montevago ( Sicilian: ''Muntivau'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Agrigento in the Italian region Sicily, located about southwest of Palermo and about northwest of Agrigento. Montevago borders the following municipalities: ...

, Italy

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Zidlochovice Populated places in Brno-Country District Cities and towns in the Czech Republic