Šurhaci (;
; 1564 – 25 September 1611), was a
Jurchen leader, a member of the
Aisin Gioro clan, he was a younger brother of
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty.
As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi ...
, the founder of the
Later Jin dynasty, the predecessor of the
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...
. Under the
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...
government, he held the title of local chieftain (都指揮) in the
Jianzhou district, and maintained relations with the Ming authorities up to the beginning of 1607. In that year, he joined Nurhaci in the campaign against
Bujantai and the
Ula tribe, receiving the title of
''darhan baturu''. However, as a result of disagreements with his brother over the conquest of the Hoifa and the killing of Hoifa's beile
Baindari in 1607, he was put to death four years later at Nurhaci's order and buried in Dongjingling Township,
Liaoyang. In 1653, he was posthumously given the rank of
''qinwang'' (first-rank prince) under the posthumous title
Prince Zhuang of the First Rank.
Physical appearance
According to the account of Korean ambassadors, Šurhaci was a tall, fat man with a pale-looking square face.
Family
Primary Consort
* First primary consort, of the
Tunggiya clan (嫡福晉 佟佳氏)
** Altungga (阿爾通阿; 29 March 1580 – October/November 1609), first son
* Second primary consort, of the
Hada Nara clan (繼福晉 哈達那拉氏)
** First daughter (30 September 1584 – April/May 1656), personal name Eshitai (額實泰)
*** Married
Bujantai (1575–1618) of the Manchu
Ula Nara clan in December 1598 or January 1599
* Third primary consort, of the
Fuca clan (三娶福晉 富察氏; d. 1620)
** Second daughter (1584 – December 1638 or January 1639), personal name E'enzhe (額恩哲)
*** Married
Bujantai (1575–1618) of the Manchu
Ula Nara clan in 1603
**
Amin, Prince of the Third Rank (貝勒 阿敏; 25 November 1586 – 28 December 1640), second son
** Third daughter (b. 4 November 1588)
*** Married Namuxi (納穆錫) of the Manchu
Tunggiya clan
* Fourth primary consort, of the
Gūwalgiya clan (四娶福晉 瓜爾佳氏; d. 1623)
** Jasahatu, Duke of the Second Rank (輔國公 扎薩克圖; 4 September 1589 – October/November 1609), third son
** Princess of the Second Rank (和碩公主; 22 July 1590 – May/June 1649), personal name Sundai (蓀岱), fourth daughter
*** Married Enggeder (恩格德爾; d. 1636) of the
Khalkha Borjigit clan in March/April 1617
** Sixth daughter (b. 13 February 1595)
*** Married Moluohun (漠落渾) of the Manchu
Nara
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clan in January/February 1614
** Turan, Prince Kexi of the Third Rank (恪僖貝勒 圖倫; 25 September 1596 – 6 September 1614), fourth son
** Seventh daughter (b. 18 September 1597)
*** Married Chuoheluo (綽和絡) of the Manchu
Wanyan clan in July 1609
** Jaisanggū, Prince Hehui of the Third Rank (和惠貝勒 寨桑武' 12 August 1598 – 3 July 1625), fifth son
** ''Nuomudai'' (諾穆岱; 2 August 1601 – 30 July 1613), seventh son
** Eighth daughter (b. 1602)
*** Married Badana (巴達納) of the Manchu
Nara
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clan in August/September 1616
** ''Ninth daughter''
** Tenth daughter (b. 17 December 1603)
*** Married Babai (巴拜) of the Mongol
Borjigit clan in August/September 1622
* Fifth primary consort, of the
Ula Nara clan (五娶福晉 烏喇那拉氏), personal name Hunai (滹奈)
**
Jirgalang,
Prince Zhengxian of the First Rank (鄭獻親王 濟爾哈朗; 19 November 1599 – 11 June 1655), sixth son
* Sixth primary consort, of the
Nara
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clan (六娶福晉 那拉氏)
* Seventh primary consort, of the
Gūwalgiya clan (七娶福晉 瓜爾佳氏)
** Fiyanggū, Prince Jianjingding of the First Rank (簡靖定親王 費揚武; 17 May 1605 – 11 January 1644), eighth son
* Eighth primary consort, of the
Hoifa Nara clan (八娶福晉 輝發那拉氏)
* Ninth primary consort, of the
Sirin Gioro clan (九娶福晉 西林覺羅氏)
Concubine
* Concubine, of the
Donggo clan (格格 董鄂氏)
** Fifth daughter (b. 18 March 1593)
*** Married Gumubei (固穆貝) of the Manchu
Donggo clan in February/March 1606
* Concubine, of the Ayan Gioro clan (格格 阿顏覺羅氏)
** Naodai (瑙岱; b. 1608), ninth son
** 11th daughter (b. 23 June 1608)
*** Married Kudena (庫德納) of the Manchu Lala (拉喇) clan in March/April 1623
** 12th daughter (b. 25 March 1610)
*** Married Muwuna (穆扤納) of the Manchu
Nara
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clan in January/February 1623
Ancestry
References
*
* Peterson, Willard J. (2002). ''The Cambridge History of China, Volume 9''. Cambridge University Press.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Surhaci
1564 births
1611 deaths
Manchu people
Jurchens in the Ming dynasty
Prince Zhuang
Imperial Clan of Qing dynasty