Šipovo
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Šipovo ( sr-cyrl, Шипово) is a town and municipality in
Republika Srpska Republika Srpska ( sr-Cyrl, Република Српска, ; also referred to as the Republic of Srpska or Serb Republic) is one of the two Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entities within Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other bein ...
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...
. It is situated in the southern part of the
Bosanska Krajina Bosanska Krajina ( sr-Cyrl, Босанска Крајина, , ) is a geographical region, a subregion of Bosnia, in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is enclosed by several rivers, namely the Sava (north), Glina (northwest), Vrbanja and Vrba ...
region. As of 2013, it has a population of 10,293 inhabitants, while the town of Šipovo has a population of 4,052 inhabitants. The municipality covers an area of , much of which is
forested A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological functio ...
.


History

The Glogovac monastery of the
Serbian Orthodox Church The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Church#Constit ...
is near the town.


Geography

It is located between the municipalities of
Mrkonjić Grad Mrkonjić Grad ( sr-cyrl, Мркоњић Град, ) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the Bosanska Krajina region, between Banja Luka and Jajce. As of 2013, the municipality has a populatio ...
to the west, Jezero to the north,
Jajce Jajce ( sr-Cyrl, Јајце) is a town and municipality in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 7,172 inhabitants, wi ...
and
Donji Vakuf Donji Vakuf ( sr-Cyrl, Доњи Вакуф, ) is a town and municipality located in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was founded by Malkoçoğlu İbrahim Bey in 1572 an ...
to the east, and
Kupres Kupres ( sr-cyrl, Купрес) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Kupres in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 5,057 inhabitant ...
(Republike Srpske) and
Glamoč Glamoč ( sr-cyrl, Гламоч) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Glamoč in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in southwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the fo ...
to the south. In the broader geographical sense, the town of Šipovo is located at 44°28’ north and 17°08’ east, having a moderate
continental climate Continental climates often have a significant annual variation in temperature (warm to hot summers and cold winters). They tend to occur in central and eastern parts of the three northern-tier continents (North America, Europe, and Asia), typi ...
. In the narrower geographical sense, Šipovo is located in southeastern part of Republika Srpska, with the total area of , and with a population of 11,000. The population consists of 95%
Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of Serbia, history, and Serbian lan ...
and 5%
Bosniaks The Bosniaks (, Cyrillic script, Cyrillic: Бошњаци, ; , ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to the Southeast European historical region of Bosnia (region), Bosnia, today part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and who sha ...
. Šipovo is a mountainous area, intersected to the east and west by the Pliva River, whose length is about 30 kilometres of the air line, and to the north and south by the Janj River, whose length is about 35 kilometres. Besides these two rivers, the Šipovo area is also intersected by three small rivers – Sokočnica, Lubovica and Volarica. The area around the mouth of the Janj and Pliva Rivers is both plain and hilly, with the height of around 440 metres above sea level. It gradually slopes up to become a mountain area whose highest mountains are Vitorog (1906 m) in the south, Lisina (1335 m) in the north, Gorica (1267 m) in the east, and Čardak (1452 m) in the west. The town lies in the northern part of the municipality, in the basin of the aforementioned rivers. 60% of the population of Šipovo lives in the town. In terms of traffic, two important roads stretch across Šipovo along the valleys of the rivers Pliva and Janj: Banjaluka-Šipovo-
Kupres Kupres ( sr-cyrl, Купрес) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Kupres in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 5,057 inhabitant ...
and Jezero-Šipovo-
Glamoč Glamoč ( sr-cyrl, Гламоч) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Glamoč in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in southwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the fo ...
. The topography of the area of Šipovo consists of the following landscape constituents: #the mountain massifs (Vitorog, Plazenica, Ravna Gora, Gorica, Lisina, and Čardak); #the plateaus (natpoljsko-čuklićka, podobzirsko-pribeljačka, and strojičko-podovska); #the valleys of the rivers Pliva and Janj


Geological formation

The forming of the ground (the pedologic composition of it) and its physical and chemical characteristics are dominantly influenced by the topography, geologic base, climate, and vegetation. Given the aforementioned facts, there are three typical types of grounds in the area: the valley ground, the hill ground, and the mountain ground. In the region of Šipovo, there are the following types of soil: podzoli, smeđa, and to some extent muck (černozem), and flotsam in the valleys of the rivers Pliva and Janj. The diversity of the soil and other elements (like the climate regime and height above sea level) have influenced the diversity of flora and fauna in the region. In the lowest parts, there are deciduous trees (
beech Beech (genus ''Fagus'') is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to subtropical (accessory forest element) and temperate (as dominant element of Mesophyte, mesophytic forests) Eurasia and North America. There are 14 accepted ...
and
hornbeam Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperateness, temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives ...
), and in the higher parts, there are evergreen trees (
spruce A spruce is a tree of the genus ''Picea'' ( ), a genus of about 40 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal ecosystem, boreal (taiga) regions of the Northern hemisphere. ''Picea'' ...
,
fir Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus ''Abies'' () in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genu ...
, and
pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...
).


Vaganj cave and valley

The topography of the Šipovo region is mostly formed from sedimentary limestones and dolomite. The areas with limestones are intersected by numerous tectonic fissures on which many forms of valleys were formed, such as the Vaganj, depressions, inlets, pits, and caves. The most famous cave being the Vaganj Cave (, ), 990 metres above sea level, decorated with countless
stalactites A stalactite (, ; , ) is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is ca ...
and stalagmites.


Climate

In the geomorphologic sense, Šipovo is a mountainous region whose average height is 800 metres above sea level. In the global climatic sense, Šipovo lies in the moderate continental zone, with certain differences due to variations in altitude, as well as topographic and vegetational elements. Air temperature is the basic climatic element. The average annual temperature is 10˚C, the average summer temperature is 20˚C, and the average winter temperature is around 0˚C. The average annual insolation is 1800 hours, which is five hours per day. The average annual humidity is around 85%. Precipitation is also a very important climatic element. The average amount of annual precipitation is 990 mm. The average number of snowy days is 120, whereas the vegetational period lasts for about 250 days. There are a lot of foggy days in Šipovo. Winds are very often in the southern part of the area (Janjska visoravan) due to the intermixing of the Mediterranean and continental air masses over Janj.


Forestry and agriculture

Owing to all these diversities, the inhabitants of the area are given the possibility to engage in various fields of agriculture (farming, fruit growing, cattle breeding, fishing, and apiculture), tourism and so on. Forty-eight percent (223.99 km²) of the Šipovo region is covered with forests, thirty-three percent (154.8 km²) with meadows and pastures, fourteen percent (66.03 km²) with fields and orchards, and four percent (17.38 km²) with uncultivated land.


Demographics


Settlements

* Babići * Babin Do * Bešnjevo * Brdo * Brđani * Čifluk * Čuklić * Ćosići * Donji Mujdžići * Dragnić * Dragnić Podovi * Duljci * Đukići * Glavaši * Gorica * Gornji Mujdžići * Grbavica * Greda * Janj * Janjske Otoke (Janjski Otoci) * Jusići * Kendići * Kneževići * Kozila * Krčevine * Kudići * Lipovača * Lubovo * Lužine * Ljuša * Majevac * Močioci * Natpolje * Jokići * Olići * Pljeva * Podobzir * Podosoje * Popuže * Pribeljci * Raduljice * Sarići * Seferi * Sokolac * Strojice * Stupna * Šipovo * Todorići * Vagan * Vodica * * Vražić


Population


Ethnic composition


See also

*
Municipalities of Republika Srpska Under the "Law on Territorial Organization and Local Self-Government" adopted in 1994, Republika Srpska was divided into 80 municipalities. After the conclusion of the Dayton Peace Agreement, the law was amended in 1996 to reflect the changes to ...


References


External links

* https://turizamrs.org/en/sipovo/ * http://sipovo-tourism.com/V2/turisticki-programi/?lang=en {{DEFAULTSORT:Sipovo Populated places in Šipovo Cities and towns in Republika Srpska