Life
Ibrahim Kaypakkaya was born in 1949 to a Turkish Alevi family. In his youth he delivered political magazines in the neighboring villages. Later he was exposed to revolutionary ideas as a student in the Physics Department of Istanbul University’s Faculty of Science. He became a member of the Revolutionary Workers and Peasants Party of Turkey. In 1967 he was one of the founders of a local branch of the Federation of Idea Clubs (). He joined the foundation of the Çapa Idea Club () in March 1968 and became the President of the club. In November 1968, Kaypakkaya was expelled from the University for preparing a leaflet against the visiting 6th Fleet of the U.S. Navy. Kaypakkaya, who adopted the view of National Democratic Revolution, worked for the newspaper ''İşçi Köylü'' ("Worker-Peasant"). He wrote articles in the magazines '' Aydınlık'' ("Enlightenment") and ''TÜRKSOLU'' ("Turkish Left"; not to be confused with the modern magazine '' Türksolu''). Kaypakkaya then split from Doğu Perinçek and his group, as he considered Perinçek to be a revisionist and an opportunist. Kaypakkaya, who participated in the struggle of peasantry, formed TİKKO (, "Workers' and Peasants' Liberation Army"), the armed wing of his Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist. Kaypakkaya and his comrades interrogated and shot the informer village headman who caused the killing of THKO (; "People's Liberation Army of Turkey") members Sinan Cemgil and his two other comrades by the state forces during a gunfight.Capture and death
Following the military memorandum of 1971, the Turkish government cracked down on the Communist movement in Turkey. On 24 January 1973, Kaypakkaya and his allies were attacked by Turkish military forces in the mountains of Tunceli. He was wounded badly, and his comrade Ali Haydar Yıldız died. The military left Kaypakkaya for dead, allowing him to avoid capture. During that winter, severe weather conditions and snow forced him to take shelter in a cave for five days. Thereafter, he left for a village where he asked for assistance from Cafer Atan, a local teacher. Initially, the man allowed Kaypakkaya to take shelter in a room but then locked the door and reported him to the military. The letter Kaypakkaya sent to his friends after he got captured by the gendarmerie:They handed me over to the gendarmerie, and the gendarmerie beat me up terribly. After that, in short: I was delivered from Dersim to Elazığ, and from Elazığ toThe Turkish Government persecuted and destroyed the leadership of the TKP/ML. Kaypakkaya, and several of his colleagues were arrested. On 18 May 1973, he was tortured to the brink of death and then shot and killed by military officers at the age of twenty-four. His corpse was mutilated and cut up. The cause of Kaypakkaya's death was ruled as a suicide. TheDiyarbakır Diyarbakır is the largest Kurdish-majority city in Turkey. It is the administrative center of Diyarbakır Province. Situated around a high plateau by the banks of the Tigris river on which stands the historic Diyarbakır Fortress, it is .... Except for random police investigations, no statements were taken. Now I am under both surveillance and treatment in Diyarbakır. The wounds on my head and neck healed in just 20 days. By the way, let me state this: While I was injured, they tied both my arms for a week as if they were crucifying me. Upon insistence, they released one of the handcuffs. We were raided on January 26th. On February 22, I had surgery in both my feet. There is no finger left on my right foot. They left my little finger on my left foot as a gift.
Aftermath
* Cafer Atan, the teacher who allegedly handed over Kaypakkaya to the gendarmerie, frequently changed his place of duty for life safety reasons. Atan was shot in the head and killed, in front of his wife and two children, by three people who raided his house in Sarıgazi in 2000. * Fehmi Altınbilek, who led the commando operation against Kaypakkaya and his friends on January 24, 1973, and later captured Kaypakkaya wounded, was injured in an armed attack in Beşiktaş in June 2015.Cultural legacy
After his death, Kaypakkaya became a martyr for the Turkish Communist revolutionary movement by "choosing to die rather than give information." Despite his young age, he was one of the most prominentDoctrine
His doctrinal views were based on splitting away from the neighboringTKP/ML
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist re-organized between 1973 and 1978. The first party congress took place in 1978 (''TKP/ML I. Kongresi'' in Turkish). In 1981 the second congress was organized (''TKP/ML II. Kongresi''). The party split following the second congress, the splinter taking up the name Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan-Turkey). However it was neither the first nor the last split in the party. The Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi had already split in (1976) during the re-organisation period. Other splits followed the second congress: Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Revolutionary Proletarian (1987), Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist (Maoist Party Centre) (1987), and Maoist Communist Party (1994). Today the organisation is listed among the 12 active terrorist organisation in Turkey as of 2007 according to Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security ( Turkish police).TÜRKİYE'DE HALEN FAALİYETLERİNE DEVAM EDEN BAŞLICA TERÖR ÖRGÜTLERİ: http://www.egm.gov.tr/temuh/terorgrup1.htmlIn culture
Music
* Grup Munzur - ''İsyan Ateşi'' * Emekçi - ''İbrahime Ağıt'' * Ozan Emekçi - ''Diyarbakır Zindanları'' * İlkay Akkaya - ''Ibrahim yoldaş'' * Can Cihan - ''İbo Haydar Zülfikar'' * Ozan Rençber - ''Gel Gidelim İbo''Films
* ''Kırmızı Gül Buz İçinde'' * ''Sönmeyen Ateş - İbrahim Kaypakkaya''References
External links