Đakovo Stud
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The Đakovo Stud () is a
Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...
n Lipizzan horse national breeding
stud farm A stud farm or stud in animal husbandry is an establishment for selective breeding of livestock. The word "stud (animal), stud" comes from the Old English ''stod'' meaning "herd of horses, place where horses are kept for breeding". Historically, ...
located in
Đakovo Đakovo (; , , sr-Cyrl, Ђаково) is a town in the region of Slavonia, Croatia. Đakovo is the centre of the fertile and rich Đakovo region ( ). Etymology The etymology of the name is the (diákos) in Slavic form đak (pupil). The Hungar ...
,
Osijek-Baranja County Osijek-Baranja County (, , ) is a Counties of Croatia, county in Croatia, located in northeastern Slavonia and Baranya (region), Baranja which is defined part of the Pannonian Plain. Its center is Osijek. Other towns include Đakovo, Našice, Val ...
, eastern
Slavonia Slavonia (; ) is, with Dalmatia, Croatia proper, and Istria County, Istria, one of the four Regions of Croatia, historical regions of Croatia. Located in the Pannonian Plain and taking up the east of the country, it roughly corresponds with f ...
. First mentioned in 1239 and 1244, it officially originated in 1506, as it was written that
Bishop A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of di ...
Mijo Mesarić „owned a stud farm of 90 Arab horses“ on his estate. In recent times, it has developed into an important breeding farm, which comprises today approximately 790
acre The acre ( ) is a Unit of measurement, unit of land area used in the Imperial units, British imperial and the United States customary units#Area, United States customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one Chain (unit), ch ...
s of land and breeds as many as 160 horses in the Town of Đakovo and its surroundings.


History

The stud has been founded by Bosnian- Syrmian bishops who held estates in Đakovo granted by Coloman, King of Halych and Herceg (Duke) of Slavonia in 1239. This
charter A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the ...
was confirmed by another charter issued in 1244 by the Croato-Hungarian King Bela IV (III). There is a document from 1374, confirming the horse breeding, issued on the occasion of the wedding of Tvrtko Kotromanić, Ban of Bosnia (later the first King of Bosnia), and Bulgarian Princess Dorothea, which was held in Đakovo. However, it is 1506, that is considered to be the year of foundation of the stud, as the word „stud“ was mentioned in a document according to which the Bishop Mijo Mesarić owned 90 Arabian horses. In 1524 the number of horses increased to 130, but soon it all disappeared in a disaster. The bishop and most of his horses were killed in the
battle of Mohács The Battle of Mohács (; , ) took place on 29 August 1526 near Mohács, in the Kingdom of Hungary. It was fought between the forces of Hungary, led by King Louis II of Hungary, Louis II, and the invading Ottoman Empire, commanded by Suleima ...
in 1526 and in very short time after that, the
Ottomans Ottoman may refer to: * Osman I, historically known in English as "Ottoman I", founder of the Ottoman Empire * Osman II, historically known in English as "Ottoman II" * Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empir ...
overtook the stud and the whole Đakovo area. In 1687, during the
Great Turkish War The Great Turkish War () or The Last Crusade, also called in Ottoman sources The Disaster Years (), was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League (1684), Holy League consisting of the Holy Roman Empire, Polish–Lith ...
, Đakovo was freed from the Ottomans and the stud was reestablished soon. Bishop Đuro Patačić bought new stallions and mares in 1706 to enable horse breeding for military purpose in the frontier area. There were 375 horses in total in the stud in 1719, as Bishop Petar Bakić bought 30 new Arabian horses. At the beginning of the 19th century, the introduction of Lipizzan breeding started in Đakovo, as first horses were brought from Lipica in 1806. In the second half of the 19th century, when
Josip Juraj Strossmayer Josip Juraj Strossmayer, also Štrosmajer (; ; 4 February 1815 – 8 April 1905) was a Croatian prelate of the Catholic Church, politician and benefactor (law), benefactor. Between 1849 and his death, he served as the Bishop of Đakovo, Bishop ...
became Bishop of Đakovo, Lipizzan horses were the only breed held in the Đakovo Stud. In 1900 the stud possessed 288 horses and in 1912 Bishop Ivan Krapac had a subsidiary stud in Ivandvor built. After the Second World War the stud was a part of the PIK Đakovo (Agricultural & Industrial Combinat), a socialist kind of economic organization in former Yugoslavia. Today the stud is a horse farm of national importance for Croatia. In 2010 it was administratively merged with the Lipik Stud from the western Slavonia.


Foundation stallions and mares

The stud's foundation stallion lines are Pluto (from 1765), Conversano (1767), Neapolitano (1770), Maestoso (1773), Favory (1779), Siglavy (1810) and Tulipan (1860). The mare lines bred in Đakovo are: Allegra, Batosta, Gaetana, Krabbe, Mara, Mima, Montenegra, Munja, Santa, Slavonia, Toplica, Trofetta and Zenta.


Locations

The Đakovo Stud operates two facilities. The first one, located in the Town of Đakovo itself, is a stallion breeding station. It maintains 30 to 40 stallions during the year. The second one is situated in Ivandvor, 6.5 kilometres from Đakovo, where there are around 120 Lipizzans of various age and sex categories.


Gallery


See also

* Alkars' Stud * Lipik Stud * Međimurje Horse Stud, Žabnik * CUJZEK Stud


References

{{coord missing, Croatia Horse farms in Croatia
Stud Stud may refer to: Animals * Stud (animal), an animal retained for breeding ** Stud farm, a property where livestock are bred Arts and entertainment * Stud (band), a British progressive rock group * The Stud (bar), a gay bar in San Francisco * ...
1506 establishments in Croatia Dakovo