Črni Vrh, Idrija
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Črni Vrh (; sometimes ''Črni Vrh nad Idrijo'',Savnik, Roman, ed. 1968. ''Krajevni leksikon Slovenije'', vol. 1. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije, p. 68. ''Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru,'' vol. 6: ''Kranjsko''. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 124.) is a settlement in the hills south of
Idrija Idrija (, in older sources ''Zgornja Idrija''; , ) is a town in western Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Idrija. Located in the traditional region of the Slovene Littoral and in the Gorizia Statistical Region, it is notable for it ...
in the traditional
Inner Carniola Inner Carniola ( ; ) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the southwestern part of the larger Carniola region. It comprises the Hrušica (plateau), Hrušica karst plateau up to Postojna Gate, bordering the Slovenian Littoral (the Goriška, Gor ...
region of
Slovenia Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe. It borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and a short (46.6 km) coastline within the Adriati ...
. It includes the hamlets of Zgornja Vas (), Spodnja Vas (), Trate, Trebče, and Zidiše.


Name

The name ''Črni Vrh'' literally means 'black pass' and was originally an oronym that was later transferred to the settlement. The epithet 'black' refers to dark, coniferous woods. The Slovene word ''vrh'' refers not only to a mountain peak, but may also refer to a
saddle A saddle is a supportive structure for a rider of an animal, fastened to an animal's back by a girth. The most common type is equestrian. However, specialized saddles have been created for oxen, camels and other animals. It is not know ...
or
mountain pass A mountain pass is a navigable route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since mountain ranges can present formidable barriers to travel, passes have played a key role in trade, war, and both Human migration, human and animal migration t ...
. This is the case with Črni Vrh, referring to the pass to the southwest that leads to
Col A col is the lowest point on a mountain ridge between two peaks; a mountain pass or saddle. COL, CoL or col may also refer to: Computers * Caldera OpenLinux, a defunct Linux distribution * , an HTML element specifying a column * A collision sig ...
and
Ajdovščina Ajdovščina (; ,trilingual name "Haidenschaft, Aidussina, Ajdovščina" inGemeindelexikon, der im Reichsrate Vertretenen Königreiche und Länder. Bearbeit auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1900. Herausgegeben von der K. ...
.


History

During the Second World War, a
Slovene Home Guard The Slovene Home Guard (, SD; ) was a Slovenes#World War II and aftermath, Slovene anti-Slovene Partisans, Partisan militia that was founded and supported by the Germans and fought alongside them against the Partisans. It operated during part of ...
post was established in Črni Vrh in August 1944.Velikonja, Tine. 2010. Pade Črni Vrh nad Idrijo. ''Zaveza'' 40 (November 16).Črni vrh – Turjak primorskih Slovencev. 1944. ''Slovenec'' 72(213): 2. The post came under
Partisan Partisan(s) or The Partisan(s) may refer to: Military * Partisan (military), paramilitary forces engaged behind the front line ** Francs-tireurs et partisans, communist-led French anti-fascist resistance against Nazi Germany during WWII ** Ital ...
attack and was destroyed on September 1, 1944. The post commander, Lieutenant Jože Jakoš (1920–1944), and his second-in-command, Sergeant Tone Grum (1921–1944), were killed in the attack, along with the priest Rudolf Trček. Altogether, 47 Home Guard soldiers and six civilians were killed, and another 35 Home Guard soldiers were taken prisoner. The attack also resulted in the destruction and burning of a large part of the village.


Church

The
parish church A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the Church (building), church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in com ...
in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Josse and belongs to the Diocese of Koper. The church dates from the 19th century and has a polygonal chancel walled on three sides, a wide rectangular nave, and a belltower. It is roofed with clay tiles. Original furnishings include the Baroque altar in the chancel. The church is located in the center of the village.


Other cultural heritage

In addition to Saint Josse's church, other sites in Črni Vrh are registered as cultural heritage. *The Zidiše archaeological site () is an unexcavated site. There was a fortified post at the site that formed part of an Alpine defense system in late antiquity. *The house at Črni Vrh no. 1 dates from the second half of the 19th century. It is a two-story building with six
bays A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a ''gulf'', ''sea'', ''sound'', or ''bight''. A ''cove'' is a small, ci ...
, a gabled roof, and two door casings on the main facade. It stands east of the village, along the road to Predgriže. *The house at Črni Vrh no. 47 stands in the center of the village. It is a prominent two-story house from the 19th century that shows the influence of townhouse architecture. *The house and
hayrack A hayrack () is a freestanding vertical drying rack found chiefly in Slovenia. Hayracks are permanent structures, primarily made of wood, upon which fodder for animals is dried, although their use is not limited to drying hay. Other foodstuffs s ...
at Črni Vrh no. 23 are located in the hamlet of Trebče. The house is a two-story structure that was remodeled in 1924. It has four bays and a wooden door casing with a coffered door. A single straight-line hayrack stands next to the house. *A chapel dedicated to the Holy Cross stands in the cemetery northwest of Črni Vrh. It was built in the 19th century in a neo-Gothic style. It has a polygonal chancel walled on three sides and a somewhat wider and higher rectangular nave. The outer walls feature
buttress A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient (typically Gothic) buildings, as a means of providing support to act ...
es. *The Kampeljc Chapel-Shrine () stands west of the settlement at Mountain Top Pass (). It dates from the end of the 19th century and has the form of a miniature church. It has a portico with a belfry and a rectangular interior containing a statue of the Virgin Mary. *The Kočar cross () is attached to the column of a hayrack at Črni Vrh no. 34. It is a wooden crucifix created by a self-taught wood carver from the Kučar farm at the end of the 19th century. *A wooden crucifix on a stone base stands along the main road to Godovič, west of the farm at Črni Vrh no. 108. It is a typical example of 19th-century wood carving. *The Plešnar
Hayrack A hayrack () is a freestanding vertical drying rack found chiefly in Slovenia. Hayracks are permanent structures, primarily made of wood, upon which fodder for animals is dried, although their use is not limited to drying hay. Other foodstuffs s ...
() is a single straight-line hayrack dating from the 20th century. It has three masonry columns and two wooden ones, and is covered with asbestos-cement roofing. It stands on the north edge of the village along the road to Zadlog. *The Plešnar Chapel-Shrine () stands on the north end of the village, along the road to Zalog. It dates from the 19th century. It has a low-pitched roof, a gable with a classical tympanum configuration, and a lancet entrance and side window. *The Tinče Chapel-Shrine () was built at the end of the 19th century and is dedicated to the Virgin Mary. It has an apse, a steeply pitched metal roof, and a lancet entrance. It stands next to the cemetery northwest of the village. *A wayside shrine in the shape of a crucifix stands in front of the house at Črni Vrh no. 53. It dates from 1897. File:Crni Vrh Idrija Slovenia - Kampeljc shrine.JPG, Kampeljc Chapel-Shrine File:Crni Vrh Idrija Slovenia - Plesnar shrine.JPG, Plešnar Chapel-Shrine File:Crni Vrh Idrija Slovenia - Tince shrine.JPG, Tinče Chapel-Shrine File:Crni Vrh Idrija Slovenia - crucifix shrine.JPG, Crucifix wayside shrine


Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Črni Vrh include: * Martin Lamb (a.k.a. Lampe) (1670–1744), imperial advisor * Matej Hladnik (1806–1865), writer * Matija Ozbič (1828–1888), wood carver * Fran Ksaver Tončič (1865–1919), sculptor * Vladimir Miselj (1889–1944), diplomat and official of the
League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...
Rahten, Andrej, & Andraž Zidar. 2011. "Vladimir Ciril Miselj." In Igor Grdina (ed.), ''Med domom in svetom'' (= ''Biografske in bibliografske študije 5''), pp. 131–148. Ljubljana: ZRC.


References


External links

*
Črni Vrh on Geopedia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Crni Vrh, Idrija Populated places in the Municipality of Idrija