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The ''áo tứ thân'' (, ''four-piece shirt''), is a traditional Vietnamese dress commonly worn in Áo Dài
"In the 1920s young Vietnamese artists, educated at the French Indochina College of Fine Arts, modified the Áo Tứ Thân, and designed what is considered the first truly modern
The áo tứ thân was worn widely by women centuries before the
VietnamJournal - Vietnamese Traditional Costumes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ao tu than Vietnamese clothing Vietnamese words and phrases History of Asian clothing
Northern Vietnam
Northern Vietnam or '' Tonkin'' () is one of three geographical regions in Vietnam. It consists of three geographic sub-regions: the Northwest (Vùng Tây Bắc), the Northeast (Vùng Đông Bắc), and the Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sôn ...
. The dress is related to the áo ngũ thân (''five-piece shirt'') and the áo đối khâm (''parallel-flap robe'')."In the 1920s young Vietnamese artists, educated at the French Indochina College of Fine Arts, modified the Áo Tứ Thân, and designed what is considered the first truly modern
Áo dài
(; , ) is a modernized Vietnamese Folk costume, national garment consisting of a long split tunic worn over silk trousers. It can serve as Formal wear, formalwear for both men and women. translates as shirt' is derived from a Middle Chines ...
."
History
The áo tứ thân was worn widely by women centuries before the áo dài
(; , ) is a modernized Vietnamese national garment consisting of a long split tunic worn over silk trousers. It can serve as formalwear for both men and women. translates as shirt' is derived from a Middle Chinese word () meaning "padded ...
. As Vietnam expanded southward during Nam tiến
(; vi-hantu, 南進; lit. "southward advance" or "march to the south") is a historiographical concept that describes the historic southward expansion of the territory of Vietnamese dynasties' dominions and ethnic Kinh people from the 11th to ...
, áo tứ thân gradually became associated specifically with northern women.
Dress
The áo tứ thân was the dress of peasant women, which explains why it was often made with plain fabric in dark colors, except when it was to be worn at special occasions such as festivals or weddings. Regardless of its many different forms, the basic áo tứ thân consists of: * A flowing outer tunic, reaching almost to the floor. It is open at the front, like a jacket. At the waist the tunic splits into two flaps: a full flap in the back (made up of two flaps sewn together) and the two flaps in the front which are not sewn together but can be tied together or left dangling. * A long skirt, worn under the tunic. *Yếm
A ''yếm'' or ''áo yếm'' (, chữ Nôm: 裺 or 襖裺) is a traditional Vietnamese undergarment that was once worn by Vietnamese women across all classes. It was most usually worn underneath a blouse or mantle to preserve modesty.
It is ...
, an ancient bodice worn as an undergarment by women. It comes in many fabrics and colors, worn under the skirt and outer tunic.
* A silk sash which is tied at the waist as a belt.
Áo tứ thân in modern-day Vietnam (worn almost exclusively in northern-related festivals) tends to be extremely colorful, using different hue
In color theory, hue is one of the properties (called color appearance parameters) of a color, defined in the CIECAM02 model as "the degree to which a stimulus can be described as similar to or different from stimuli that are described as ...
s throughout the dress, from the tunic to the bodice and the skirt.
Place in modern-day Vietnam
Áo tứ thân is now obsolete in terms of its daily use in Vietnam. However, it can be seen often in traditional occasions such as festivals, especially in northern Vietnam. It is still sometimes worn as formal wear by some ethnic minorities, such as the Tày, Sán Chay, and someThổ people
The Thổ ethnic group (also Keo, Mon, Cuoi, Ho, Tay Poong) inhabits the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam, mainly Nghệ An Province southwest of Hanoi. Many Thổ speak the Cuoi language, Tho language, which is closely related to Vietnamese ...
.
In southern Vietnam, the simpler silk two-piece ensemble áo bà ba
''Áo bà ba'' (, translates to "Grandma's shirt") is a traditional southern Vietnamese garment. The top part that covers the torso is called the ''áo'' ("shirt" in English). It is mostly associated with rural southern Vietnam, especially ...
is preferred for day-to-day use.
See also
*Áo dài
(; , ) is a modernized Vietnamese Folk costume, national garment consisting of a long split tunic worn over silk trousers. It can serve as Formal wear, formalwear for both men and women. translates as shirt' is derived from a Middle Chines ...
* Yếm
A ''yếm'' or ''áo yếm'' (, chữ Nôm: 裺 or 襖裺) is a traditional Vietnamese undergarment that was once worn by Vietnamese women across all classes. It was most usually worn underneath a blouse or mantle to preserve modesty.
It is ...
* Vietnamese clothing
Việt Phục, or Vietnamese clothing, is the traditional style of clothing worn in Vietnam by the Vietnamese people. The traditional style has both indigenous and foreign elements due to the diverse cultural exchanges during the history of V ...
References
External links
VietnamJournal - Vietnamese Traditional Costumes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ao tu than Vietnamese clothing Vietnamese words and phrases History of Asian clothing