Ülkü (magazine)
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''Ülkü'' () was a magazine existed between 1933 and 1950. It was one of seventy-five official media outlets of the People's Houses, cultural institutions started in 1932 as an enlightenment project. The title of the magazine was given by
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ( 1881 â€“ 10 November 1938) was a Turkish field marshal and revolutionary statesman who was the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President of Turkey, president from 1923 until Death an ...
, founder of the Republic of Turkey.


History and profile

''Ülkü'' was first published in
Ankara Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...
on 5 February 1933 as one of the organs of the People's Houses. The owner of the magazine was Ankara People's House. The goal was to provide a theoretical basis for the six pillars of Kemalism, namely republicanism, populism, nationalism, laicism, statism, and reformism, and to facilitate their adoption by Turkish people. The magazine included the following major sections among others: literary work,
linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds ...
, history, fine arts, sociology, philosophy economy, agriculture, science, home management, translated works and news from the People's Houses. The target audience of the magazine was intellectuals. During its lifetime the frequency of ''Ülkü'' changed several times. It was published on a monthly basis between its start in February 1933 and August 1941 and between January 1947 and its closure in August 1950. It was published biweekly in the period October 1941–December 1946. The publisher of the magazine also changed, and the following were the publishers of ''Ülkü'': Hâkimiyeti Milliye Publishing House, Ulus Publishing House, Ankara Ulusal Publishing House and Zerbamat Publishing House. The magazine produced a total of 272 issues before it ceased publication in August 1950.


Directors and editors

Nusret Kemal Köymen and Necip Ali Küçüka were the directors of ''Ülkü'' between February 1933 and 1941. In July 1936
Mehmet Fuat Köprülü Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (December 5, 1890 – June 28, 1966), also known as Köprülüzade Mehmed Fuad, was a highly influential Turkish sociologist, Turkologist, scholar, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister of the Rep ...
was appointed
editor-in-chief An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The editor-in-chief heads all departments of the organization and is held accoun ...
. From 1941 Ahmet Kutsi Tecer began to edit the magazine. In the period January 1947–August 1950 the directors were Tahsin Banguoğlu and Mehmet Tuğrul.


Contributors

The contributors of ''Ülkü'' were part of one of the three major Kemalist factions of the period known as the ''Ülkü'' group. They supported the solidarist, radical secularist, and anti-liberal alternatives to the state power. Many of the ''Ülkü'' contributors wrote for the magazine without being paid. Its notable contributors included
Recep Peker Mehmet Recep Peker (; 5 February 1889 – 1 April 1950) was a Turkish military officer and politician. A heavy-handed modernist, he served in various ministerial posts and finally as the Prime Minister of Turkey between 1946 and 1947. Early l ...
, Şevket Aziz Kansu, Behçet Kemal Çağlar,
Ahmet Adnan Saygun Ahmet Adnan Saygun (; 7 September 1907 – 6 January 1991) was a Turkish composer, musicologist and writer on music. One of a group of composers known as the Turkish Five who pioneered western classical music in Turkey, his works show a maste ...
, Pertev N. Boratav, Elif Naci,
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (23 June 1901 – 24 January 1962) was a Turkish poet, novelist, literary scholar and essayist, widely regarded as one of the most important representatives of modernism in Turkish literature. In addition to his literary and ...
, Suut Kemal Yetkin,
Yusuf Ziya Ortaç Yusuf Ziya Ortaç (23 April 1895 – 11 March 1967) was a Turkish people, Turkish poet, writer, literature teacher, publisher and politician. He is from the group called ''Beş Hececiler'' in Turkish poetry and is one of the important humor wr ...
, Orhan Veli Kanık,
Hasan Âli Yücel Hasan Âli Yücel (17 December 1897 – 26 February 1961) was a Turkish education reformer and philosophy teacher who served as minister of national education of Turkey from December 1938 to August 1946. He is remembered for the foundation of V ...
,
Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu (1911 – 21 September 1975) was a Turkish people, Turkish Painting, painter, mosaic-maker, muralist, writer and poet. His art work was inspired by Anatolian village scenes and folk literature, and included traditional ha ...
and
Sadi Irmak Mahmut Sadi Irmak (May 15, 1904 – November 11, 1990) was a Turkish academic in physiology, politician and former Prime Minister of Turkey. Biography He was born in the town SeydiÅŸehir of Konya, Ottoman Empire in 1904. He became teacher ...
. Niyazi Berkes published articles on sociological studies in the U.S.A between 1938 and 1940 when he was attending the
University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or UChi) is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, Chic ...
on a research fellowship in sociology.


Content

Until the editorship of Mehmet Fuat Köprülü in 1936 ''Ülkü'' published articles on the Ottoman state which were based on popular accounts. Then its content became much more sophisticated with the editorship of Köprülü. Ahmet Kutsi Tecer's
play Play most commonly refers to: * Play (activity), an activity done for enjoyment * Play (theatre), a work of drama Play may refer also to: Computers and technology * Google Play, a digital content service * Play Framework, a Java framework * P ...
entitled ''Koçyiğit Köroğlu'' was first published in ''Ülkü'' in 1941.


Significance

Although the People Houses published numerous periodicals, only ''Ülkü'' lasted for a long period and functioned as the official organ of all of these institutions. The magazine identified and expressed the lines of the state policies. It was distributed not only to cities but also to small villages.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ulku 1933 establishments in Turkey 1950 disestablishments in Turkey Biweekly magazines published in Turkey Defunct magazines published in Turkey Defunct Turkish-language magazines Kemalism Magazines established in 1933 Magazines disestablished in 1950 Magazines published in Ankara Monthly magazines published in Turkey State media