Ügyek
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Ügyek (second half of the 8th century – first half of the 9th century), also known as Ugek or Ugec (also styled Vgec), was – according to the chronicler Anonymus (or "Master P.") – the father of
Álmos Álmos (), also Almos or Almus ( 820 – 895), was—according to the uniform account of Hungarian chronicles—the first head of the "loose federation" of the Hungarian tribes from around 850. Whether he was the Sacred king, sacred ruler (''k ...
, the first
Grand Prince of the Hungarians Grand Prince () was the title used by contemporary sources to name the leader of the federation of the Hungarian tribes in the tenth century.Constantine VII mentioned Árpád in his book De Administrando Imperio as ', while Bruno of Querfurt re ...
. However, according to a conflicting source,
Simon of Kéza Simon of Kéza () was the most famous Hungarian chronicler of the 13th century. He was a priest in the royal court of king Ladislaus IV of Hungary. In 1270–1271, bearing the title "master" (''magister''), Simon was part of a diplomatic mission ...
(writing about five to eight decades later),
Előd Előd was – according to the chronicler Anonymus (or "Master P."), author of the ''Gesta Hungarorum'' – one of the seven chieftains of the Magyars (Hungarians), who led them to the Carpathian Basin in 895. There are three somewhat differin ...
was the father of Álmos, while the chronicler referred to Ügyek as Álmos's grandfather. He is the earliest known ancestor of the
Árpád dynasty The Árpád dynasty consisted of the members of the royal House of Árpád (), also known as Árpáds (, ). They were the ruling dynasty of the Principality of Hungary in the 9th and 10th centuries and of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 130 ...
. He was said to be a Scythian, i.e. to be from Dentumoger, the homeland of the Magyars, which the chroniclers identify with Scythia, and use to refer both to the land and its inhabitants.


Life

Ügyek was born in the last third of the 8th century. Anonymus writes that Ügyek married
Emese Emese (fl. 9th century CE) was the daughter of Duke Eunedubelianus () of Dentumoger, the consort of the noblest Scythian (i.e. from Dentumoger, Scythia) prince Ügyek, and the mother of High Prince Álmos in Hungarian historical mythology; th ...
, a daughter of "Prince Eunedubelianus" in 819. She had seen a divine dream of a
Turul The Turul is a mythological bird of prey, mostly depicted as a falcon, in Hungarian tradition and Turkic tradition, and a national symbol of Hungarians. Origin The Turul is probably based on a large falcon. The Hungarian word ''turul'' meant ...
bird before
Álmos Álmos (), also Almos or Almus ( 820 – 895), was—according to the uniform account of Hungarian chronicles—the first head of the "loose federation" of the Hungarian tribes from around 850. Whether he was the Sacred king, sacred ruler (''k ...
's birth in c. 820, according to the chronicles. The Turul's role is interpreted as guardian spirit, who protects the baby from harm until he grows up. It is supported by the chronicles, according to whom the Turul appears to the ''already pregnant'' woman. Historian Gyula Kristó said Ügyek's name may have been the chronicler' invention, since it derives from the ancient Hungarian ''ügy'' ("saint, holy") word.


Meaning of the name

Anonymus gives the name as ''Ugec''; this caused much speculation later, as to the meaning of it. The latest researchB. Szabó-Sudár 2017. on the subject gives the following explanations regarding the origin and meaning of the name: * Ügyek - Dezső Pais, in his book of 1926, put forward the idea that the name is to be derived from the Hungarian word igy/egy (‛holy’). Gyula Kristó also shared this view. * Öge/Üge - Dignitary name, according to historian György Györffy. The meaning of it is "wise" and "sage", also "councillor". The word, as 10% words in modern Hungarian, is of Turkic origin. Many Hungarian personal names, and also animal and plant names, are of Turkic origin. Further, the majority of Hungarian tribal names were of Turkic origin, who overall made a significant contribution to Hungarians during their century-long cohabitation. * Üge - The last ruler of the Uyghur Empire, also a contemporary to Ügyek. He was murdered in 846 in the
Altai Mountains The Altai Mountains (), also spelled Altay Mountains, are a mountain range in Central Asia, Central and East Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan converge, and where the rivers Irtysh and Ob River, Ob have their headwaters. The ...
. It is speculated, that when the Empire fell apart, some Uyghur fragments could have escaped westward.


Significance

There are three types of great ancestry in the traditional steppe culture. # The distant, 'spiritual' ancestor, who took an important step, but the real power of his dynasty came many generations later; # The founder of an empire, that is inherited by the descendants; # Someone important in the family tree, related to whom the descendants must define themselves. Ügyek clearly belongs to the first group. Other examples belonging to this category are Ertogrul, (father of Osman),
Sheikh Safi Safi-ad-Din Ardabili ( ''Ṣāfī ad-Dīn Isḥāq Ardabīlī''; 1252/3 – 1334) was a poet, Mysticism, mystic, teacher and Sufism, Sufi master. He was the son-in-law and spiritual heir of the Sufi master Zahed Gilani, whose order—the Zahediye ...
(founder of the
Safavids The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the begi ...
),
Saman Khuda Saman Khuda (Saman Khoda, Saman-khudat; ) was an 8th-century Iranian peoples, Iranian noble whose descendants (the House of Saman) later became rulers of Khurasan (the Samanid Empire). He was a Dehqan from the village of Saman in Balkh province in ...
(founder of the
Samanids People Samanid Samanid Samanid The Samanid Empire () was a Persianate society, Persianate Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim empire, ruled by a dynasty of Iranian peoples, Iranian ''dehqan'' origin. The empire was centred in Greater Khorasan, Khorasan an ...
), among many others. The Turul narrative is strongly reminiscent of an episode narrated in ''
The Secret History of the Mongols The ''Secret History of the Mongols'' is the oldest surviving literary work in the Mongolic languages. Written for the Borjigin, Mongol royal family some time after the death of Genghis Khan in 1227, it recounts his life and conquests, and parti ...
'', concerning the foundation of the royal Mongol dynasty. All these traditions popular among different peoples, including the Magyars, were informed by the traditional steppe culture, and do not belong to any specific ethnic group.


Family trees

According to Anonymus's ''
Gesta Hungarorum ''Gesta Hungarorum'', or ''The Deeds of the Hungarians'', is the earliest book about Kingdom of Hungary, Hungarian history which has survived for posterity. Its genre is not chronicle, but ''gesta'', meaning "deeds" or "acts", which is a medie ...
'': : According to
Simon of Kéza Simon of Kéza () was the most famous Hungarian chronicler of the 13th century. He was a priest in the royal court of king Ladislaus IV of Hungary. In 1270–1271, bearing the title "master" (''magister''), Simon was part of a diplomatic mission ...
's ''
Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum The ''Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum'Reader's encyclopedia of Eastern European literature'', 1993, Robert B. Pynsent, Sonia I. Kanikova, p. 529. (Latin: "Deeds of the Huns and Hungarians") is a medieval chronicle written mainly by Simon of K ...
'': According to
Mark of Kalt Mark of Kalt (, ; ) was the canon of the Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and chronicler of King Louis I of Hungary, known for his work ''Chronicon Pictum'', written in 1358 in Latin, with the last of the illuminations being ...
's ''
Chronicon Pictum The ''Chronicon Pictum'' or ''Illuminated Chronicle'' (, , , also referred to as the ''Illustrated Chronicle'', ''Chronica Hungarorum'', ''Chronicon Hungarie Pictum'', ''Chronica Picta'' or ''Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum'') is a medieval illust ...
'':Mark of Kalt, ''Chronicon Pictum'
Hungarian translation
quote: "Ögyek fia Előd Szittyaországban Eunodubilia leánytól fiat nemzett, kinek neve lőn Álmos, annak okáért, mert anyjának álmában keselyűforma madár jelent meg, amikor terhes állapotban volt; méhéből rohanó víz fakadt, meggyarapodott, de nem a maga földjén; ebből azt jósolták, hogy ágyékából dicső királyok származnak. Miután a somnium a mi nyelvünkön álom, s ama fiú származását álom jövendölte meg, ezért nevezték Álmosnak, aki Előd, ez Ögyek, ez Ed, ez Csaba, ez Etele, ..
:


See also

* Şilki


Notes


Notes and references


Notes


References


Sources

* B. Szabó János – Sudár Balázs
"Vgec-ügyek – Egy elfeledett ősapa". In: Türk Attila (szerk.): ''Hadak útján XXIV. A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXIV. konferenciája Esztergom, 2014. november 4–6''. 2. kötet. PPKE – ELTE, Budapest–Esztergom, 2017. 223–231. o.
Contains a summary in English at the end. * * ''Korai Magyar Történeti Lexikon (9-14. század)'', főszerkesztő: Kristó, Gyula, szerkesztők: Engel, Pál és Makk, Ferenc (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1994) * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ugyek Hungarian prehistory Magyar tribal chieftains House of Árpád 8th-century Hungarian people 9th-century Hungarian people