Eastern Norway
Eastern Norway (, ) is the geographical region of the south-eastern part of Norway. It consists of the counties Oslo, Akershus, Vestfold, Østfold, Buskerud, Telemark, and Innlandet.
Eastern Norway is by far the most populous region of Norw ...
, which from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2023 was part of
Viken
Viken may refer to:
*Viken, Scandinavia, a historical region
*Viken (county), a Norwegian county established in 2020
*Viken, Sweden, a bimunicipal locality in Skåne County, Sweden
*Viken (lake), a lake in Sweden, part of the Göta canal
*IF Viken, ...
. Østfold borders
Akershus
Akershus () is a county in Norway, with Oslo as its administrative centre, though Oslo is not located within Akershus. Akershus has been a region in Eastern Norway with Oslo as its main city since the Middle Ages, and is named after the Akers ...
and southwestern
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
(
Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County () is a county or '' län'' on the western coast of Sweden.
The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (''kommuner''). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of S ...
and
Värmland
Värmland () is a ''Provinces of Sweden, landskap'' (historical province) in west-central Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland, and Närke, and is bounded by Norway in the west.
Name
Several Latinized version ...
), while
Buskerud
Buskerud () is a Counties of Norway, county and a current electoral district in Norway, bordering Akershus, Oslo, Innlandet, Vestland, Telemark and Vestfold. The region extends from the Oslofjord and Drammensfjorden in the southeast to Hardanger ...
and
Vestfold
Vestfold () is a county and a current electoral district in Norway. Located on the western shore of the Oslofjord, it borders Buskerud and Telemark counties. The county administration is located in Tønsberg, Norway's oldest city, and the larg ...
are on the other side of
Oslofjord
The Oslofjord (, ; ) is an inlet in southeastern Norway. The fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn, Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo, and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows s ...
. The county's administrative seat is
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
. The county controversially became part of the newly established
Viken County
Viken may refer to:
* Viken, Scandinavia, a historical region
*Viken (county), a Norwegian county established in 2020
* Viken, Sweden, a bimunicipal locality in Skåne County, Sweden
* Viken (lake), a lake in Sweden, part of the Göta canal
*IF Vik ...
on 1 January 2020. On 1 January 2024, Østfold was re-established as an independent county, however without the former municipality of Rømskog, which was amalgamated with the Akershus municipality Aurskog-Høland in 2020.
Many manufacturing facilities are situated here, such as the world's most advanced
biorefinery
A biorefinery is a refinery that converts biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts (such as chemicals). The International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 42 defined biorefining as "the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of bi ...
,
Borregaard
Borregaard is a Norway, Norwegian company, established in 1889 in the southeastern town of Sarpsborg in Østfold county. Its main products were traditionally pulp and paper. The company later started producing Chemical industry, chemicals based ...
in
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
.
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
has shipyards. There are granite mines in Østfold and stone from these were used by
Gustav Vigeland
Gustav Vigeland (11 April 1869 – 12 March 1943), born as Adolf Gustav Thorsen, was a Norwegian sculptor. Gustav Vigeland occupies a special position among Norwegian sculptors, both in the power of his creative imagination and in his produc ...
.
The county slogan is "The heartland of Scandinavia". The local dialects are characterized by their geographical proximity to Sweden.
The name
The old name of the
Oslofjord
The Oslofjord (, ; ) is an inlet in southeastern Norway. The fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn, Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo, and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows s ...
was ''Fold''; ''Østfold'' means 'the region east of the Fold' (see also
Vestfold
Vestfold () is a county and a current electoral district in Norway. Located on the western shore of the Oslofjord, it borders Buskerud and Telemark counties. The county administration is located in Tønsberg, Norway's oldest city, and the larg ...
). The name was first recorded in 1543; in the Middle Ages the name of the county was ''Borgarsysla'' 'the county/sýsla of the city Borg (now
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
)'. Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies. These were merged into one county ( amt) in 1662 - and it was then named ''Smaalenenes Amt'' 'the amt consisting of small len'. The name was changed back to ''Østfold'' in 1919.
History
Østfold is among the nation's oldest inhabited regions, with petroglyphs (rock drawings) and burial mounds throughout the area.
In the
Viking Age
The Viking Age (about ) was the period during the Middle Ages when Norsemen known as Vikings undertook large-scale raiding, colonising, conquest, and trading throughout Europe and reached North America. The Viking Age applies not only to their ...
, the area was part of
Vingulmark
Vingulmark (Old Norse ''Vingulmǫrk'') is the old name for the area in Norway which today makes up the counties of Østfold, western parts of Akershus (excluding Romerike), and eastern parts of Buskerud ( Hurum and Røyken municipalities), and i ...
, which in turn was part of
Viken
Viken may refer to:
*Viken, Scandinavia, a historical region
*Viken (county), a Norwegian county established in 2020
*Viken, Sweden, a bimunicipal locality in Skåne County, Sweden
*Viken (lake), a lake in Sweden, part of the Göta canal
*IF Viken, ...
and included Båhuslen (which is now the Swedish province called ''Bohuslän''). It was partly under Danish rule until the time of
Harald Fairhair
Harald Fairhair (; – ) was a Norwegian king. According to traditions current in Norway and Iceland in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, he reigned from 872 to 930 and was the first Monarchy of Norway, King of Norway. Supposedly, two ...
.
Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies. The barony of ''Heggen og Frøland'', consisting of the municipalities
Askim
Askim () is a town and a former municipality in (from January 1, 2020) Indre Østfold municipality in the county of Østfold, Norway.
The administrative centre of the Askim municipality was the town of Askim. Askim was established as a municip ...
,
Eidsberg
Eidsberg was a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the List of cities in Norway, town of Mysen. In 2020, Eidsberg was absorbed into the Indre Øst ...
and
Trøgstad
Trøgstad was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Skjønhaug. The municipality included the parishes of Skjønhaug, Havnås and Båstad. The parish of ''Trygstad'' was estab ...
, originally belonged to
Akershus
Akershus () is a county in Norway, with Oslo as its administrative centre, though Oslo is not located within Akershus. Akershus has been a region in Eastern Norway with Oslo as its main city since the Middle Ages, and is named after the Akers ...
- but it was transferred to Østfold in 1768.
In October 2018, Norwegian archaeologists headed by the archaeologist Lars Gustavsen announced the discovery of a buried long Gjellestad Viking ship. An ancient well-preserved Viking cemetery for more than 1000 years was discovered using ground-penetrating radar. Archaeologists also revealed at least seven other previously unknown burial mounds and the remnants of five longhouses with the help of the radar survey.
Geography
Østfold sits between the
Oslo Fjord
The Oslofjord (, ; ) is an inlet in southeastern Norway. The fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo, and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows south t ...
and
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
. It is dominated by flat landscape with a lot of woodland in the north and along the Swedish border, a major lake system in the central part, and densely populated lowland area along the coast, with a relatively large
archipelago
An archipelago ( ), sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster, or collection of islands. An archipelago may be in an ocean, a sea, or a smaller body of water. Example archipelagos include the Aegean Islands (the o ...
.
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...
's longest river, the
Glomma
The Glomma or Glåma is Norway's longest and most voluminous river. With a total length of , it has a drainage basin that covers 13% of Norway's surface area, all in the southern part of the country.
Geography
At its fullest length, the river r ...
, flows through the county and out into the Oslo Fjord in
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
.
Demography
Most of the county's population is located in the coastal area. The cities of
Moss
Mosses are small, non-vascular plant, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic phylum, division Bryophyta (, ) ''sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Wilhelm Philippe Schimper, Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryo ...
,
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
,
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
, and
Halden
Halden (), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a List of cities in Norway, town and a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, R ...
are situated here, along with some relatively highly populated rural municipalities. Including these coastal cities, Østfold also has another two cities,
Askim
Askim () is a town and a former municipality in (from January 1, 2020) Indre Østfold municipality in the county of Østfold, Norway.
The administrative centre of the Askim municipality was the town of Askim. Askim was established as a municip ...
and
Mysen
Mysen is the administrative center of the municipalities of Norway, municipality of Eidsberg in the counties of Norway, county of Østfold in Norway.
The town is named after the old farm of Mysen (Old Norse, Norse ''Mysin'', from ''*Mosvin''), si ...
.
Transport and infrastructure
Østfold is located strategically between Oslo and Sweden. The main highway E6 between Oslo and Gothenburg runs as a motorway through the county from the southern border with Sweden and the border with Akershus county. The main highway E18 between Oslo and Stockholm goes through the county from the Swedish border in a southeast-northwest direction. The railway from Oslo to Gothenburg runs roughly parallel with E6, and there is also a railway between Ski and Sarpsborg that covers the inner part.
There is no public airport in the county. Moss Airport was one but is now closed. The main airport for Østfold is the
Oslo Airport, Gardermoen
Oslo Airport () , alternatively referred to as Oslo Gardermoen Airport or simply Gardermoen, is an international airport serving Oslo, the capital and most populous city of Norway. The airport is the second largest in Scandinavia and the Nord ...
, with a population of more than 2 million people within two hours distance.
Health care
Aimed at covering general medical needs of Østfold County and estby MunicipalityØstfold Hospital provides medical services, diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation to the population of the area. Hospitals, clinics or health stations are located in all municipalities of the county.
Municipalities
Østfold is made up of 17 (formerly 18) municipalities:
#
Aremark
Aremark is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Fosby.
Aremark was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The new municipality of Øymar ...
#
Askim
Askim () is a town and a former municipality in (from January 1, 2020) Indre Østfold municipality in the county of Østfold, Norway.
The administrative centre of the Askim municipality was the town of Askim. Askim was established as a municip ...
#
Eidsberg
Eidsberg was a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the List of cities in Norway, town of Mysen. In 2020, Eidsberg was absorbed into the Indre Øst ...
#
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
#
Halden
Halden (), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a List of cities in Norway, town and a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, R ...
#
Hobøl
Hobøl was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Elvestad. Hobøl is situated about southeast of Oslo. The parish of ''Haabøl'' was established as a municipality on 1 Janu ...
#
Hvaler
Hvaler is a municipality that is a group of islands in the southern part of Østfold County, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Skjærhalden, on the island of Kirkeøy. The only police station in the munici ...
Moss
Mosses are small, non-vascular plant, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic phylum, division Bryophyta (, ) ''sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Wilhelm Philippe Schimper, Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryo ...
#
Rakkestad
Rakkestad is a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rakkestad. It is divided into the parishes of Rakkestad, Degernes, and Os, Øst ...
#
Rygge
Rygge was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. It was merged into Moss municipality on 1 January 2020. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rygge. Rygge was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see fo ...
#
Rømskog
Rømskog was a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Rømskog. The former municipality of Rømskog was separated from Rødenes on 1 ...
(is no longer a part of Østfold county)
#
RÃ¥de
Råde is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Karlshus. The parish of ''Raade'' was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.
The neighbouring municipalities are VÃ¥ ...
#
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
#
Skiptvet
Skiptvet is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Meieribyen. Skiptvet was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see ''formannskapsdistrikt'').
General information ...
#
Spydeberg
Spydeberg was a municipality in former Østfold county, Norway, until December 31. 2019. At January 1. 2020 it became a part of the new and greater municipality named Indre Østfold Kommune after the region, together with Askim and Trøgstad and ...
#
Trøgstad
Trøgstad was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Skjønhaug. The municipality included the parishes of Skjønhaug, Havnås and Båstad. The parish of ''Trygstad'' was estab ...
Skjeberg
Skjeberg is a district of Sarpsborg, Østfold County, Norway. Skjeberg was formerly a municipality in Østfold County. The last administrative centre was at Borgenhaugen. As of 2018, Skjeberg has a population of 1,397.
The parish of Skjeberg ...
Cities
*
Askim
Askim () is a town and a former municipality in (from January 1, 2020) Indre Østfold municipality in the county of Østfold, Norway.
The administrative centre of the Askim municipality was the town of Askim. Askim was established as a municip ...
*
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
*
Halden
Halden (), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a List of cities in Norway, town and a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, R ...
*
Moss
Mosses are small, non-vascular plant, non-vascular flowerless plants in the taxonomic phylum, division Bryophyta (, ) ''sensu stricto''. Bryophyta (''sensu lato'', Wilhelm Philippe Schimper, Schimp. 1879) may also refer to the parent group bryo ...
*
Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg ( or ), historically Borg, is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.
Sarpsbor ...
Eidsberg
Eidsberg was a Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the List of cities in Norway, town of Mysen. In 2020, Eidsberg was absorbed into the Indre Øst ...
* Enningdal
* Fredrikshald, see Halden
*
Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ''Frederiksstad''; literally "Fredrik's Town") is a List of cities in Norway, city and Municipalities of Norway, municipality in Østfold Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipal ...
Skiptvet
Skiptvet is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Meieribyen. Skiptvet was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see ''formannskapsdistrikt'').
General information ...
Borgenhaugen
Borgenhaugen is a borough in the city of Sarpsborg, Norway, located east of the city centre. Before 1992, Borgenhaugen was a part of Skjeberg municipality. The old Skjeberg council hall (''rådhus'') is located here Local placenames
* Surfellingen
...
*
Degernes
Degernes is a village and parish in Rakkestad municipality in Østfold county, Norway.
History
Rakkestad was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). It was divided into the parishes of Rakkestad, Degernes, a ...
Gressvik
Gressvik is a village located in the municipality of Fredrikstad, Norway.
The river Seut separates Gressvik from the city of Fredrikstad. Gressvik stretches from Ørebekk in the north, to Rød and Viker in the south.
Before 1860, Gressvik consist ...
*
Greåker
Greåker is a borough in the city of Sarpsborg, Norway, located 7 km west of the city centre. Before 1992 Greåker was a part of Tune municipality. It is on the river Glomma between Sarpsborg and Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad (; previously ...
*
Grimstad
Grimstad () is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It belongs to the geographical region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center of the municipality is the Grimstad (to ...
Herføl
Herføl is a sparsely populated, wooded island in the municipality of Hvaler in Østfold, Norway. The island has an area of 1,9 km2 and is designated with postal code 1690.
See also
*Ytre Hvaler National Park
Ytre Hvaler National Pa ...
*
Hærland
Eidsberg was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the town of Mysen. In 2020, Eidsberg was absorbed into the Indre Østfold municipality.
Eidsberg was established as a municipality on 1 Jan ...
*
Høysand
Høysand is a village in Sarpsborg municipality, Norway. Located just south of the village Skjeberg
Skjeberg is a district of Sarpsborg, Østfold County, Norway. Skjeberg was formerly a municipality in Østfold County. The last administrative ...
*
Ise Ise may refer to:
Places
*Ise, Mie, a city in Japan
**Ise Grand Shrine, a Shinto shrine located in Ise, Mie
* Ise Ekiti, a city in Nigeria
* Ise, Norway, a village in Norway
*Ise Province, an ancient province of Japan
*River Ise, a tributary of the ...
Kambo
Kambo, also known as sapo (from ) or vacina-do-sapo, is substance derived from the natural secretions of an amphibian belonging to the Phyllomedusa family. Commonly the dried skin secretions of the giant leaf frog, known as the ''kambô'' in ...
Larkollen
Larkollen is a village in Moss municipality, Norway. Its population is 1,382.
About
Larkollen has a coastal landscape with water-washed rocks, coves and small wooded hills, and a cultural landscape just behind the coastal line. The lee side of ...
Missingmyr Missingmyr is a village in the municipality of Råde, Østfold, Norway. Located between the E6 route and Lake Vansjø, it was classified as a settlement in 2004. It is located between Moss, Fredrikstad, and Sarpsborg, and is close to Oslo. As of 2 ...
*
Mørkfoss Mørkfoss is a small village in Indre Østfold municipality, Østfold, Norway. It is located in the southern end of lake Øyeren, at the continuation of Glomma river. Mørkfoss has traces of a dam construction which was built in connection to the So ...
Ringvoll
Ringvoll is a village in the municipality of Indre Østfold, Norway. Its population (2005) is 473.
It is around 15 km north of Moss and 45 km south of Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes bot ...
Rygge
Rygge was a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. It was merged into Moss municipality on 1 January 2020. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rygge. Rygge was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see fo ...
Skiptvet
Skiptvet is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Meieribyen. Skiptvet was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see ''formannskapsdistrikt'').
General information ...
*
Skjeberg
Skjeberg is a district of Sarpsborg, Østfold County, Norway. Skjeberg was formerly a municipality in Østfold County. The last administrative centre was at Borgenhaugen. As of 2018, Skjeberg has a population of 1,397.
The parish of Skjeberg ...
*
Skjærhalden
Skjærhalden is the administrative centre of Hvaler municipality, Norway. It is located on the island Kirkeøy
Kirkeøy is the largest island in the Norwegian municipality of Hvaler. Its name means "church island" and is derived from Hvaler Chu ...
Skjønhaug Skjønhaug is a village in the municipality of Trøgstad, Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen ...
Svinesund
Svinesund is a sound separating the Swedish municipality of Strömstad in the province of Bohuslän in the county of Västra Götaland from the Norwegian municipality of Halden in the county of Østfold.
Two bridges, the old and new Svinesun ...
*
Svinndal
Svinndal is a village and parish in the municipality of Våler, Østfold, Norway. The population of the village (2009) is 353. Svinndal shares its coat-of-arms with Våler.
Svinndal church (''Svinndal kirke'') was constructed in mixed Gothic and ...
Tomter
Tomter is a village in Indre Østfold municipality in the county of Østfold, Norway. As of 2022, Tomter has 2108 inhabitants. It is the largest village in the former Hobøl municipality, now part of Indre Østfold. Tomter is situated approximately ...
Trømborg
Trømborg is a small village in the municipality of Eidsberg, Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan ...
*
Ullerøy
Ullerøy is a peninsula and urban area in the municipality of Sarpsborg in Østfold, Norway. As of 2009, the population was 363. Before 1992 Ullerøy was a part of Skjeberg municipality.
Ullerøy Church
Ullerøy Church (''Ullerøy kirke'') was f ...
Varteig
Varteig is a village in Sarpsborg and a former municipality in Østfold County, Norway.
Summary
Varteig is located north of the city of Sarpsborg and east of the Glomma river. Varteig was part of the Tune municipality until 1861. It was designat ...
Ørje
Ørje is the administrative centre of Marker, Norway, Marker municipality, Norway, not far from the Sweden, Swedish border. Its population (2013) is 3872
Ørje was founded in the 1880s around a timber-processing mill. Engebret Soot had built the ...
Ã…rum
Ã…rum is a neighborhood in the north-eastern part of Fredrikstad municipality, Norway.
It is located below Sarpsfossen on the eastern bank of Glomma. Årum including the neighborhood Sundløkka had 1,183 inhabitants in 2023.
In transportation, Ã ...
Former Municipalities
*
Berg
Berg may refer to:
People
*Berg (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name)
* General Berg (disambiguation)
* Berg Ng (born 1960), Hong Kong actor
* Berg (footballer, born 1963), Ninimbergue dos Santos Guerra, Brazilian footba ...
Degernes
Degernes is a village and parish in Rakkestad municipality in Østfold county, Norway.
History
Rakkestad was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). It was divided into the parishes of Rakkestad, Degernes, a ...
*
Glemmen
Glemmen is a parish and former municipality with the city of Fredrikstad, Østfold county, Norway.
History
The parish of ''Glemminge'' was established as a municipality 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). A part of Glemmen with 2,013 inhab ...
Jeløy
Jeløy (until 1920 named ''Moss herred'' - ''Moss rural district'') was a former municipality in Østfold county, Norway.
Jeløy was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). It was merged with the urban municipali ...
*
Kråkerøy
Kråkerøy is an island and a former municipality in Østfold, Norway.
The island of Kråkerøy was separated from Glemmen as a municipality of its own January 1, 1908. At that time Kråkerøy had a population of 3,311. The rural municipality wa ...
*
Mysen
Mysen is the administrative center of the municipalities of Norway, municipality of Eidsberg in the counties of Norway, county of Østfold in Norway.
The town is named after the old farm of Mysen (Old Norse, Norse ''Mysin'', from ''*Mosvin''), si ...
*
Onsøy
Onsøy is a peninsula and a former municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre was Gressvik.
History
The parish of ''Onsø'' was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). A part of Onsøy w ...
*
Rolvsøy
Rolvsøy is a village, an island, and a former municipality in Østfold county, Norway.
It was created by a split from Tune on 1 January 1911. At that time Rolvsøy had a population of 2,381. On 1 January 1994 Rolvsøy was incorporated into th ...
*
Rødenes
Rødenes is a former municipality in the former Østfold county, Norway.
The parish of ''Rødenæs'' was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The district of Rømskog was separated from Rødenes as a municip ...
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Skjeberg
Skjeberg is a district of Sarpsborg, Østfold County, Norway. Skjeberg was formerly a municipality in Østfold County. The last administrative centre was at Borgenhaugen. As of 2018, Skjeberg has a population of 1,397.
The parish of Skjeberg ...
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Torsnes
Torsnes is a former municipality in Østfold county, Norway. It is the site of Torsnes Church (''Torsnes kirke'').
History
Torsnes was created by a split from Borge, Østfold, Borge on 1 January 1910. At that time Torsnes had a population of 1,53 ...
Varteig
Varteig is a village in Sarpsborg and a former municipality in Østfold County, Norway.
Summary
Varteig is located north of the city of Sarpsborg and east of the Glomma river. Varteig was part of the Tune municipality until 1861. It was designat ...
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Øymark
Øymark is a former municipality now located in Marker municipality in Østfold county, Norway.
Øymark was originally a part of Aremark formannskapsdistrikt (from 1837), but on 1 July 1903 Øymark was separated from Aremark to form a separat ...
Coat of arms
The coat of arms is from modern times (1958). The lines represent sunrays at
sunrise
Sunrise (or sunup) is the moment when the upper rim of the Sun appears on the horizon in the morning, at the start of the Sun path. The term can also refer to the entire process of the solar disk crossing the horizon.
Terminology
Although the S ...
in the
east
East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the fact that ea ...
. (See above under the name.) They also represent the worship of the
Sun
The Sun is the star at the centre of the Solar System. It is a massive, nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy from its surface mainly as visible light a ...
in the
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...
(depicted in several
rock carvings
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. Outside North America, scholars often use terms such as "carving", "engraving", or other descriptions ...
found in the county).
Notable people
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Roald Amundsen
Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (, ; ; 16 July 1872 – ) was a Norwegians, Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He was a key figure of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.
Born in Borge, Østfold, Norway, Am ...
(1872–1928) - Explorer of polar regions
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Berit Ã…s
Berit Ås ( Skarpaas; 10 April 1928 – 14 September 2024) was a Norwegian politician, social psychologist, and feminism, feminist.
Ås was the first leader of the Socialist Left Party (Norway), Socialist Left Party (1975–1976), and served as ...
- Politician, professor and feminist.
* Thea Foss (1857–1927) - founder of Foss Maritime
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Hans Nielsen Hauge
Hans Nielsen Hauge (3 April 1771 – 29 March 1824) was a 19th-century Norwegian Lutheran lay minister, spiritual leader, business entrepreneur, social reformer and author. He led a noted Pietism revival known as the Haugean movement. Hauge is al ...
- (3 April 1771 – 29 March 1824) - Lay preacher
* Peder Christian Hjorth - (1792-1855) - Norwegian politician
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Egil Olsen
Egil Roger Olsen (born 22 April 1942), nicknamed Drillo, is a Norwegian former football manager and player. He is best known as a highly successful manager of the Norway national team. He also served as the manager of the Iraq national team, ...
- Norwegian Football coach.
* Karl Ouren (1882–1943) - Norwegian-American artist
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Petter Solberg
Petter Solberg (born 18 November 1974), nicknamed "Mr. Hollywood" is a Norwegian former professional rallying, rally and rallycross driver.
Solberg debuted in the World Rally Championship in 1998 and was signed by the Ford World Rally Team, For ...
- Rally driver
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Nils Otto Tank
Nils Otto Tank (March 11, 1800 – May 4, 1864) was a Norwegian born, Moravian Church missionary and teacher. He was a pioneer settler in Wisconsin.
Background
Nils Otto Tank was born near Halden in Østfold, Norway. He was the son of a wealthy ...
(1800–1864) -
Moravian Church
The Moravian Church, or the Moravian Brethren ( or ), formally the (Latin: "Unity of the Brethren"), is one of the oldest Protestant denominations in Christianity, dating back to the Bohemian Reformation of the 15th century and the original ...
religious leader
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Harald Zwart
Harald Zwart (born 1 July 1965) is a Dutch-Norwegian Film director, director, writer and producer.
Early life
Although born in the Netherlands, Zwart was raised in Fredrikstad, Fredrikstad, Norway. By age eight, he had started making short films ...