Óbuda (, ) is, together with

Buda Buda (, ) is the part of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, that lies on the western bank of the Danube. Historically, “Buda” referred only to the royal walled city on Castle Hill (), which was constructed by Béla IV between 1247 and ...

and Pest, one of the three cities that were unified to form the Hungarian capital city of

Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...

in 1873. Today, together with Békásmegyer, Óbuda forms a part of the city's third district, although the toponym is also sometimes used for northern Buda as a whole. The neighborhood proper is centered on Fő tér beside the Szentlélek tér

BHÉV BHÉV (''Budapesti Helyiérdekű Vasút'', "Budapest Railway of Local Interest") is a system of four commuter rail lines ( Szentendre HÉV, Gödöllő HÉV, Csömör HÉV and Ráckeve HÉV) and rapid transit ( Csepel HÉV and Békásmegyer ...

station.

Óbuda Island Óbuda (, ) is, together with Buda and Pest, Hungary, Pest, one of the three cities that were unified to form the Hungary, Hungarian capital city of Budapest in 1873. Today, together with Békásmegyer, Óbuda forms a part of the city's third dis ...

, which lies in the

Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ...

beside Óbuda, hosts the

Sziget Festival Sziget Festival (, ) is one of the largest music and cultural festivals in Europe. It is held every August in northern Budapest, Hungary, on Óbudai-sziget ("Old Buda Island"), a leafy 108-hectare (266-acre) island on the Danube. More than 1,0 ...

, a major annual music and cultural festival.

History

Settlements dating from the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistory, prehistoric period during which Rock (geology), stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended b ...

have been found in Óbuda. The

Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...

built there

Aquincum Aquincum (, ) was an ancient city, situated on the northeastern borders of the province of Pannonia within the Roman Empire. The ruins of the city can be found in Budapest, the capital city of Hungary. It is believed that Marcus Aurelius wrote ...

, the capital of

Pannonia Pannonia (, ) was a Roman province, province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, on the west by Noricum and upper Roman Italy, Italy, and on the southward by Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia and upper Moesia. It ...

province. Hungarians arrived after 900 and it served as an important settlement of major tribal leaders, later kings. The site was the location of royal and ecclesiastic foundations. King

Béla IV Béla may refer to: * Béla (crater), an elongated lunar crater * Béla (given name), a common Hungarian male given name See also * Bela (disambiguation) * Belá (disambiguation) * Bělá (disambiguation) Bělá may refer to: Places in the Cze ...

built a new capital after the 1241–42 catastrophic Mongol invasion in Buda, somewhat south of Óbuda. In the fourteenth century, Óbuda featured a convent of the

Poor Clares The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare (Latin language, Latin: ''Ordo Sanctae Clarae''), originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and also known as the Clarisses or Clarissines, the Minoresses, the Franciscan Clarist Or ...

. The obscured historical remains of Óbuda, together with the role it played in nineteenth-century poetry, has resulted it being subject to various historical disputes. A commemorative plaque appears on the building erected on the site of the former Jewish Elementary School in Óbuda (6 Óbuda St.) commemorating victims of

the Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

People

Károly Bebo Károly Bebo (c. 1712 – April 1779) was an 18th-century Hungarian sculptor, builder and decorator noted for his stucco work. Bebo worked as steward at the Óbuda estate in the service of the Counts Zichy, and around 1740 worked in decora ...

(1712–1779) – sculptor *

József Manes Österreicher Joseph Manes Österreicher (), Jewish- Hungarian physician; born at Óbuda 1759; died at Vienna, December 14, 1831. He studied medicine, but being Jewish, could not practise until after the promulgation of the 1782 Edict of Tolerance by Emperor J ...

(1759–1831) – physician *

Moses Kunitz Moses Kunitz (December 19, 1887 – April 20, 1978) was a Russian-American biochemist who spent most of his career at Rockefeller University. He is best known for a series of experiments in purification and crystallization of proteins, contributi ...

(1774–1837) – rabbi *

Pál Harrer Pál Harrer (18 October 1829 – 27 July 1914) was a Hungarian councillor and politician, who served as the first and only Mayor of Óbuda from 10 November 1872 until its unification with the towns of Buda and Pest to form Budapest in 1873. Biog ...

(1829–1914) – the first and only mayor of Óbuda *

Egon Orowan Egon Orowan FRS () (2 August 1902 – 3 August 1989) was a Hungarian-British physicist and metallurgist.Nabarro, F.R.N. and Argon, A. S.Egon Orowan. 1901—1989: A Biographical Memoir" Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 1996. p. 2 ...

(1902–1989) –

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...

and

metallurgist Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are known as alloys. Metallurgy encompasses both the ...

István Bibó István Bibó (7 August 1911, Budapest – 10 May 1979, Budapest) was a Hungary, Hungarian lawyer, civil servant, politician and political theorist. Life During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Hungarian Revolution he acted as the Minister ...

(1911–1979) – politician and political theorist

Museums

*Aquincum Museum, small museum displays jewels, glassware, metal tools, and wall paintings relating to the lives of ancient Romans living in Aquincum. The museum's outdoor site contains remnants of the town, including courtyards, baths, a market place, shrines, large columns, sculptures, and a stone sarcophagus. Roman ruins elsewhere in Óbuda include baths that served the Roman

legionnaires The French Foreign Legion (, also known simply as , "the Legion") is a corps of the French Army created to allow List of militaries that recruit foreigners, foreign nationals into French service. The Legion was founded in 1831 and today consis ...

stationed in

, the Hercules Villa, and two

amphitheatre An amphitheatre (American English, U.S. English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ('), from ('), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and ('), meani ...

s, the

Aquincum Civil Amphitheater Aquincum Civil Amphitheatre is an ancient structure in Budapest, Hungary, the lesser of two located in Obuda. The other is the Aquincum Military Amphitheatre. It was built between 250 AD and 300 AD. South of the western gate is an inscription of ...

and the larger

Aquincum Military Amphitheatre The Aquincum Military Amphitheatre is the greater of two amphitheatres in Budapest, Hungary, the other being the Aquincum Civil Amphitheatre. It is located in the Obuda district, just north near the Danube river. It was built around 145, dur ...

. *Kassák Museum, a branch museum of the

Petőfi Literary Museum The Petőfi Literary Museum (PLM) is a major Hungarian museum in Budapest. It was founded in 1954, as the successor organisation to Petőfi House and, today, is housed in the former Károlyi Palace. It was named to honour the memory of Sándor Pe ...

; features items relating to the life and work of the Hungarian

avant garde In the arts and literature, the term ''avant-garde'' ( meaning or ) identifies an experimental genre or work of art, and the artist who created it, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable ...

writer

Lajos Kassák Lajos Kassák (March 21, 1887 – July 22, 1967) was a Hungarian poet, novelist, painter, essayist, editor, theoretician of the avant-garde, and translator. Self-taught, he became a writer within the socialist movement and published journa ...

(1887–1967) *Obudai Museum, primary collection features local history; the museum also encompasses Hungary's only toy museum, and the Zsigmond Kun Flat Museum, which features folk furniture *Museum of Hungarian Trade and Tourism *Vasarely Museum, Zichy Palace, features work by

Vasarely Victor Vasarely (; born Győző Vásárhelyi, ; 9 April 1906 – 15 March 1997) was a Hungarian-French artist, who is widely accepted as a "grandfather" and leader of the Op art movement. His work titled ''Zebra'', created in 1937, i ...

, as well as temporary exhibitions of other Hungarian artists

Sport

* III. Kerületi TVE, football team *

33 FC „33” Football Clubja was a Hungarian football club from the town of Óbuda, Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the Eur ...

, football team

References

External links

*
A Walk through Old Buda
{{DEFAULTSORT:Obuda Chabad communities Chabad in Europe Jewish communities in Hungary Roman settlements in Hungary