Étienne Antoine Prosper Jules Rabaud (12 September 1868 in

Saint-Affrique Saint-Affrique (; Languedocien: ''Sant Africa'') is a commune in the Aveyron department in Southern France. History Saint-Affrique grew in the 6th century around the tomb of St. Africain, bishop of Comminges. In the 12th century a fortre ...

– 3 September 1956 in Villemade) was a French

zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one ...

, known for his studies of

animal behavior Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charle ...

. From 1894 he served as an assistant in the laboratory of

teratology Teratology is the study of abnormalities of physiological development in organisms during their life span. It is a sub-discipline in medical genetics which focuses on the classification of congenital abnormalities in dysmorphology caused by ...

at the École des Hautes-Études, and in 1898 he obtained doctorates in both medicine and sciences.L'Ecole D'anthropologie de Paris 1876-1906 avec bio-bibliogr. des professeurs
/ref> In 1907 he became a

maître de conférences The following summarizes basic academic ranks in the France, French higher education system. Most academic institutions are state-run and most academics with permanent positions are French Civil Service, civil servants, and thus are Academic tenur ...

at the faculty of sciences in Paris, where he was later named an assistant professor (1920), professor without chair (1921) and a professor of experimental biology (1923). From 1910 to 1919 he served as director of the laboratory at

Wimereux Wimereux (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France north of Boulogne-sur-Mer, on the banks of the small river Wimereux. The river Slack forms the northern border of the commune and the Englis ...

.Rabaud, Étienne Antoine Prosper Jules
Sociétés savantes de France In 1904 he was named secretary of the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris. Later on in his career, he was appointed president of the

Société entomologique de France Groupe Lactalis S.A. (doing business as Lactalis) is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier S.A. Lactalis is the largest dairy p ...

(1915) and the Société zoologique de France (1921). In 1937 he became an officer of the

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

. Rabaud was a supporter of Lamarckian evolution. In 1937, in his book ''La Matière vivante et l'hérédité'' (''Living matter and heredity''), he was ironic about the "American candor" and "singularly disturbing mentality" of

Morgan Morgan may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Morgan – A Suitable Case for Treatment'', also called ''Morgan!'', a 1966 comedy film * ''Morgan'' (2012 film), an American drama * ''Morgan'' (2016 film), an American science fiction thriller * ...

, of which he rejected without appeal any scientific production. According to

Jean Rostand Jean Edmond Cyrus Rostand (30 October 1894 – 4 September 1977) was a French biologist, historian of science, and philosopher. Active as an experimental biologist, Rostand became famous for his work as a science writer, as well as a philosopher ...

, this is an example of the distressing attitude that certain French biologists had at that time and which earned France several decades lag in genetics.

Selected works

* ''Le transformisme et l'expérience'', 1911 – Transformism and experience. * ''La tératogenèse; étude des variations de l'organisme'', 1914 – Teratogenesis, study on variations of organisms. * ''Eléments de Biologie générale'', 1920 – Elements of general biology. * ''L'hérédité'', 1921 – On heredity. * ''L'adaptation et l'évolution'', 1922 – Adaption and evolution. * ''J.H. Fabre et la science'', 1924 –

Jean-Henri Fabre Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre (; 21 December 1823 – 11 October 1915) was a French naturalist, entomologist, and author known for the lively style of his popular books on the lives of insects. Biography Fabre was born on 21 December 1823 in Saint- ...

and science. * "How animals find their way about; a study of distant orientation and place-recognition" (English translation by I H Myers, 1928). * ''Phénomène social et sociétés animales'', 1937 – Social phenomena and animal societies. * ''L'instinct et le comportement animal'', 1939 – Instinct and animal behavior. * ''Transformisme et adaptation'', 1942 – Transformism and adaption.Most widely held works by Etienne Rabaud
WorldCat Identities

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rabaud, Etienne 1868 births 1956 deaths People from Saint-Affrique French zoologists Lamarckism Teratologists Presidents of the Société entomologique de France