Émile Deplanche
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Émile Deplanche (22 June 1824 in
Argentan Argentan () is a commune and the seat of two cantons and of an arrondissement in the Orne department in northwestern France. As of 2019, Argentan is the third largest municipality by population in the Orne department.
– 30 March 1874) was a French physician and naturalist. He studied medicine and
zoology Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...
in
Caen Caen (; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune inland from the northwestern coast of France. It is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Calvados (department), Calvados. The city proper has 105,512 inha ...
. In 1854 he served as a surgeon in the
Crimean War The Crimean War was fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the Second French Empire, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont fro ...
, and later the same year, he travelled as a surgeon to
Cayenne Cayenne (; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and Overseas department, department of France located in South America. The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Caye ...
,
Guyane French Guiana, or Guyane in French, is an overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west and Brazil to the east and south, French Gu ...
. Here he distinguished himself as a physician, dealing with a yellow fever epidemic that had ravaged the colony (1855). While in Guyane, he collected numerous zoological and botanical specimens. After spending a period of recovery time in France, he embarked on a ship to
Tahiti Tahiti (; Tahitian language, Tahitian , ; ) is the largest island of the Windward Islands (Society Islands), Windward group of the Society Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France. It is located in the central part of t ...
, where he collected malacological and
ornithological Ornithology, from Ancient Greek ὄρνις (''órnis''), meaning "bird", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study", is a branch of zoology dedicated to the study of birds. Several aspects of ornithology differ from related discip ...
specimens.JSTOR Global Plants
biography.
In 1858 he travelled to
New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...
, where with botanist
Eugène Vieillard Eugène Vieillard (1819–1896) was a French physician and botanist. Employed as a surgeon with the merchant navy, from 1855 to 1857 he collected plants in Tahiti with gardener-botanist Jean Armand Isidore Pancher. Afterwards, he spent a number ...
, he explored little-known regions of the island. The following year, he departed the colony with a large collection of natural history specimens — birds from the expedition were later studied by ornithologists
Jules Verreaux Jules Pierre Verreaux (24 August 1807 – 7 September 1873) was a French botanist and ornithologist and a professional collector of and trader in natural history specimens. He was the brother of Édouard Verreaux and nephew of Pierre Antoine Delal ...
and Marc Athanase Parfait Oeillet Des Murs. After his return to France, he worked on "''Essais sur la Nouvelle Caledonie''", a book co-authored with Vieillard, and first published in 1863. Subsequently, he returned to New Caledonia with Vieillard, where in Noumea, the pair split company, with Deplanche journeying to
Lifou Lifou () is a communes of France, commune of France in the Loyalty Islands Province of New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean. Geography Lifou is made up of Lifou Island, the largest and most heavily populated of the Loyalty Islands, its smaller neighbou ...
in the
Loyalty Islands Loyalty Islands Province (, ) is one of the three top-level administrative subdivisions of New Caledonia. It encompasses the Loyalty Islands () archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, located northeast of the New Caledonian mainland of Grande Terre. ...
. Because of sickness, he returned to France in March 1867. Deplanche was a chevalier in the ''
Legion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was ...
'' and a correspondent-member of the
Vienna Academy of Sciences The Austrian Academy of Sciences (; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every fi ...
. With phycologist Sébastien René Lenormand, he was co-author of "''Catalogue des plantes recueillies à Cayenne''" (Catalog of plants collected in Cayenne, 1858).


Eponymy

*Deplanche's lorikeet, '' Trichoglossus haematodus deplanchii'', described by Verreaux and Des Murs, sometimes considered a
subspecies In Taxonomy (biology), biological classification, subspecies (: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (Morphology (biology), morpholog ...
of the
rainbow lorikeet The rainbow lorikeet (''Trichoglossus moluccanus'') is a species of parrot found in Australia. It is common along the eastern seaboard, from northern Queensland to South Australia. Its habitat is rainforest, coastal bush and woodland areas. Six ...
. *'' Deplanchea'', a botanical
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
in the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae () is a Family (biology), family of flowering plants in the Order (biology), order Lamiales commonly known as the bignonias or trumpet vines.Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant ...
, described by
Eugène Vieillard Eugène Vieillard (1819–1896) was a French physician and botanist. Employed as a surgeon with the merchant navy, from 1855 to 1857 he collected plants in Tahiti with gardener-botanist Jean Armand Isidore Pancher. Afterwards, he spent a number ...
. *''
Sigaloseps deplanchei ''Sigaloseps'' is a genus of skinks which inhabit the moist, closed forest of southern New Caledonia. Conservation status There is some conservation concern for ''Sigaloseps'' because of mining activity taking place in the region. Species The ...
'', a
species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of
scincid Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
, described by
Bavay Bavay () is a commune in the Nord department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. The town was the seat of the former canton of Bavay. Geography Bavay is located some 20 km east by south-east of Valenciennes and 10 k ...
. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . ("Deplanche", p. 69).


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deplanche, Emile 1824 births 1874 deaths People from Argentan 19th-century French zoologists French naturalists 19th-century French botanists