Élie-Abel Carrière (4 June 1818 – 17 August 1896) was a French

botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

, based in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

. He was a leading authority on

conifers Conifers () are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All e ...

in the period 1850–1870, describing many new species, and the new genera ''

Tsuga ''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of '' Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The English-language common name "hemlock" arose from a perceived similarity in the smell of it ...

'', '' Keteleeria'' and '' Pseudotsuga''. His most important work was the ''Traité Général des Conifères'', published in 1855, with a second, extensively revised edition in 1867. There is a brief biography of Carrière, in English, in the journal ''Brittonia''. In addition to his studies of conifers, he published a number of works in the field of

horticulture Horticulture (from ) is the art and science of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, trees, shrubs and ornamental plants. Horticulture is commonly associated with the more professional and technical aspects of plant cultivation on a smaller and mo ...

: * ''Guide pratique du jardinier multiplicateur: ou art de propager les végétaux par semis, boutures, greffes, etc''. (1856)-- book on propagation of plants by seeds, cuttings,

grafts Grafting refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed. A similar techniqu ...

. * ''Flore des jardins de l'Europe: manuel général des plantes, arbres et arbustes, comprenant leur origine, description, culture : leur application aux jardins d'agrément, à l'agriculture, aux forêts, aux usages domestiques, aux arts et à l'industrie. Et classés selon la méthode de Decandolle par Jacques et Hérincq'', (Flora of the gardens of Europe: general

handbook A handbook is a type of reference work, or other collection of instructions, that is intended to provide ready reference. The term originally applied to a small or portable book containing information useful for its owner, but the ''Oxford Eng ...

of plants, trees and shrubs, including their origin, description, culture: their application to ornamental gardens, to agriculture, forests, domestic, arts and industry. And classified according to the method by

Augustin Pyramus de Candolle Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss people, Swiss botany, botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple ...

with Henri Antoine Jacques and François Hérincq) / Paris: Librairie agricole de la Maison rustique, (1857) * ''Entretiens familiers sur l'horticulture'' (1860) * ''Encyclopédie horticole'' (1862) -- Horticulture encyclopedia * ''Production et fixation des variétés dans les végétaux'' (1865) * ''Origine des plantes domestiques démontrée par la culture du radis sauvage'' (1869) -- Origin of domesticated plants demonstrated by culture of wild radish. * ''Semis et mise à fruit des arbres fruitiers'' (1881). In 1880, he described Iris orchioides. Anna Pavord

References

French horticulturists French pteridologists 1818 births 1896 deaths 19th-century French botanists {{France-botanist-stub