Égletons
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Égletons (; ''Aus Gletons'' in
Occitan Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language, spoken in parts o ...
) is a commune in the department of
Corrèze Corrèze (; ) is a département in France, named after the river Corrèze which runs through it. Although its prefecture is Tulle, its most populated city is Brive-la-Gaillarde. Corrèze is located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, on the bo ...
,
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine () is the largest Regions of France, administrative region in France by area, spanning the west and southwest of Metropolitan France. The region was created in 2014 by the merging of Aquitaine, Limousin, and Poitou-Charentes ...
, southwestern
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
.


Geography


Location

Égletons is located in the Massif Central at the crossroads of several geographical ensembles. The city leans up against the first foothills of the Limousine mountains (the
Plateau de Millevaches 220px, Location of the Plateau de Millevaches in France 220px, Plateau de Millevaches The Plateau de Millevaches (; ) is an upland area in Limousin a former administrative region of France. It covers approximately 3,500 km2 and crosses the b ...
in the north, and the ''Massif des Monédières'' to the west), and thus establishes itself on the high Corrèzian plateau and ''Italic''dominating to the east, the gorges of the
Dordogne Dordogne ( , or ; ; ) is a large rural departments of France, department in south west France, with its Prefectures in France, prefecture in Périgueux. Located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region roughly half-way between the Loire Valley and ...
. The municipality is located on the former Route nationale 89 now the D1089: * 30 km east of
Tulle Tulle (; ) is a Communes of France, commune in central France. It is the third-largest town in the former region of Limousin and is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Corrèze, in the Regions of France, region of Nouvelle- ...
* 29 km west of Ussel * 5 km from Exit 22 of the
A89 autoroute The A89 autoroute is an autoroute in central France. It is known as the ''La Transeuropéenne''. It connects Bordeaux (from Libourne) and Lyon (at Limonest) via Clermont-Ferrand. Its total length is 544 km (338 mi). The project st ...
connecting
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( ; ; Gascon language, Gascon ; ) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde Departments of France, department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the Prefectures in F ...
(260 kilometres) and
Clermont-Ferrand Clermont-Ferrand (, , ; or simply ; ) is a city and Communes of France, commune of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regions of France, region, with a population of 147,284 (2020). Its metropolitan area () had 504,157 inhabitants at the 2018 ...
(120 kilometres). Égletons station has rail connections to Brive-la-Gaillarde, Ussel and Bordeaux.


Climate

The climate is
Oceanic Oceanic may refer to: *Of or relating to the ocean *Of or relating to Oceania **Oceanic climate **Oceanic languages **Oceanic person or people, also called "Pacific Islander(s)" Places * Oceanic, British Columbia, a settlement on Smith Island, ...
, so humid, but with cold winters and hot summers. Snowfall can occur in winter with temperatures often around 0 Â°C. Summer is sometimes followed by a mild autumn (Indian Summer).


Toponymy

The origin of the name Égletons (1075: from Glutonibus; 1251: from Glotos) is uncertain: # Man's name ''glutio'', according to M. Villoutreix (in ''Noms de lieux du Limousin'', ed. Hosiery 1998) # Latin medieval ''glutis'', tenacious earth, clay, with prefix ès rental value, the name of this village pertaining to a muddy place, loamy where no doubt it was established (according to Jean Costes-Revue Lemouzi no 187-July 2008).


History

In 1059 the city was the capital of the family of the Lords of Ventadour. From their imposing fortress, a veritable eagle's nest on a rocky outcrop whose vestiges (recently restored and consolidated) still bear witness to the power, the Ventadour made the fortune of Égletons, ensured its prosperity and were at the origin of a rich tradition of art and culture, that of the ''la fin' amor'': The
Poetry Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...
of the
Troubadour A troubadour (, ; ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female equivalent is usually called a ''trobairitz''. The tr ...
s. Bernard de Ventadour, one of the most famous of them, has been able to sing throughout Europe. Égletons still retains today remnants of this stronghold, its ramparts at the five gates that bear the coat of arms of the Ventadour, its church of St. Antoine and its 12th century steeple armed with
machicolation In architecture, a machicolation () is an opening between the supporting corbels of a battlement through which defenders could target attackers who had reached the base of the defensive wall. A smaller related structure that only protects key ...
s, its chapel of the penitents. In August 1944, the Battle of Égletons was fought. The fierce fighting, the numerous devastation and the courage of the inhabitants during the struggle for the liberation of the city, earned the medieval capital of the Ventadour, a citation of l'Ordre du Corps d'Armée with the awarding of the
Croix de Guerre The (, ''Cross of War'') is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was first awarded during World ...
with silver-gilt star on 11 November 1948.


Population


Economy

Égletons is renowned for its school buildings and public works. * Lycée Pierre-Caraminot * L'École d'Application aux métiers des Travaux Publics (EATP) * Charal, a company specialising in fresh and frozen beef-based products, has a production site.


Heritage


Places and monuments

* The ramparts (remnants). * The house of d'Ambert de Sérilhac. * The profession of shoeing the cows. * L'église Saint-Antoine-l'ermite (
steeple In architecture, a steeple is a tall tower on a building, topped by a spire and often incorporating a belfry and other components. Steeples are very common on Christian churches and cathedrals and the use of the term generally connotes a relig ...
(12th-18th century),
porch A porch (; , ) is a room or gallery located in front of an entrance to a building. A porch is placed in front of the façade of a building it commands, and forms a low front. Alternatively, it may be a vestibule (architecture), vestibule (a s ...
(late 12th century) and
stained glass Stained glass refers to coloured glass as a material or art and architectural works created from it. Although it is traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensio ...
(1956)). * Chapelle de l'Hôpital (13th century) then of the Brotherhood of the White penitents (17th century) * Rectory. * Fountains. * Centre de Découverte du Moyen Âge (Discovery Centre of the Middle Ages) - heritage of the city of Égletons * The Town Planning Project of the city of Egletons 1929-1979. In 2009, the
Ministry of Culture Ministry of Culture may refer to: * Ministry of Tourism, Cultural Affairs, Youth and Sports (Albania) * Ministry of Culture (Algeria) * Ministry of Culture (Argentina) * Minister for the Arts (Australia) * Ministry of Culture (Azerbaijan)Ministry o ...
awarded the city the label, Heritage of 20th Century, for its remarkable architecture and its urban ensemble from the years 1930 to 1960. See: The monumental gate of ''Stade François Chassaing'' (René Blanchot, 1936), the ''l'École Nationale Professionnelle'' (Robert Danis (architect), 1934), ''le Bâtiment Central du Village de Vacances'' (Roland Schweitzer, 1966), les vitraux de l'église (Blanchet and Lesage, 1956) etc.


Parks and green spaces

The commune is a flower town having obtained two flowers on the 2007 list of the
Concours des villes et villages fleuris The (, 'Competition of cities and villages in bloom') is an annual France, French Contesting, contest. It aims to encourage Communes of France, communes to adopt and implement policies improving the quality of life of their inhabitants and enh ...
. It retained this recognition in 2008.


History of street names

Paule Morot-Cabanac wrote the book ''Égletons et ses rues'' (Égletons and its streets) in which it lists the streets of the city and explains the origin of the names given to them. This is a highly documented book that had required long months of research and preparation for this former history-loving teacher. This book is currently no longer available for sale.


Motto

The motto of the city is "Inania Pello", it means "I reject the vain things"


Notable people

* Bernard de Ventadour (~ 1125-~ 1195), famous troubadour. * Octave Lacroix (1827-1901), journalist and poet. * Leonard Louis Bordas (1864-?), an entomologist specialised in the glandular apparatus of Hymenoptera insects, digestive tubes of Orthoptera etc. * Edmond Vignard (1885-1969), French chemist and archaeologist Prehistorian Egyptologist, he is the namer of the
Sebilian Sebilian is a pre-historic archaeological culture in Nubia spanning the period c. 13,000–10,000 B.C. Location The culture is known by the name given by Edmond Vignard to finds he located at Kom Ombo on the banks of the river Nile from 1919 ...
culture. *
Charles Spinasse Charles Spinasse (22 October 1893 in Égletons, Corrèze – 9 August 1979 in Rosiers-d'Égletons) was a French politician. He served as mayor of Égletons from 1929 to 1944 and again from 1965 to 1977. He belonged to the French Section of the ...
(1893-1979), politician * Roland Bondonny (1932-2005), poisoner * Bertrand Eveno (1944-), senior official and press baron. *
Bernadette Bourzai Bernadette Bourzai (born 28 May 1945 in Lapleau) is a Politics of France, French politician and Member of the Senate (France), Senate of France representing the Department of Corrèze. During her political career, she has held many local offices ...
(1945-), political woman * Fabien Domingo (1976-), rugby union player * Thomas Domingo (1985-), rugby union player, brother of the former. * Jean-Marie Bourre (1945), member of the National Academy of Physicians and former director of INSERM research units of neuro-toxicology and neuro-pharmaco-nutrition. * Michel Paillassou (1962-2014), engineer, mayor of Egletons, General councillor, President of the community of communes of Ventadour, departmental president of the UMP * Charles Ferré (1952-), politician UMP, mayor of Egletons (September 2014-), * Gout Nicolas (1980-), famous troubadour.


See also

*
Communes of the Corrèze department The following is a list of the 277 communes of the Corrèze department of France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include Fren ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Egletons Communes of Corrèze Limousin