.ph is the Internet

country code top-level domain A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all tw ...

(ccTLD) for the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

. The official domain registry of the .ph domain is dotPH Domains Inc."dotPH FAQ"
, "dotPH website". Retrieved on May 1, 2017. dotPH holds and maintains the database of PH domain names, specifically .ph, .com.ph, .net.ph, and .org.ph."dotPH releases world's first anonymous domain"
"dotPH News". Retrieved on May 30, 2008.i.ph Website
''defunct''. Retrieved on May 30, 2008. Its

domain name registrar A domain name registrar is a company, person, or office that manages the reservation of Internet domain names. A domain name registrar must be accredited by a generic top-level domain (gTLD) Domain name registry, registry or a country code top-l ...

s are not only individuals, businesses, and organizations in the Philippines, but also those in other parts of the world. The PH domain is currently administered by José Emmanuel "Joel" Disini,".ph Whois information"
''Internet Assigned Numbers Authority''. Retrieved on May 1, 2017. who is also dotPH's current CEO. Disini has been the domain administrator since

Jon Postel Jonathan Bruce Postel (; August 6, 1943 – October 16, 1998) was an American computer scientist who made many significant contributions to the development of the Internet, particularly with respect to Internet Standard, standards. He is known p ...

assigned him the domain in 1990.The PH Domain and the Need for Policy Reforms
Retrieved on May 30, 2008.Disini, Joel (June 8, 2005)
"My Reply To Winthrop Yu On His PICS Letter"
, ''jed.i.ph''. Retrieved on May 30, 2008. The domain is sponsored by the PH Domain Foundation, a social outreach arm of dotPH which was also founded by Disini together with a group of IT professionals in August 1999.
, ''PH Domain Foundation website''. Retrieved on May 30, 2008. In 1994, the administration of the .gov.ph domain was sub-delegated to the

Government of the Philippines The government of the Philippines () has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Philippines is Central government, governed as a unitary state under a presidential system, presidential representativ ...

.Whitepaper of PhilDAC
/ref> In like manner, .edu.ph was sub-delegated to the Philippine Network Foundation, Inc. (PHNET). Aside from being the registry, dotPH sells domains and web-related services such as web hosting, co-location, private registration and e-mail forwarding.dotPH website
Retrieved on May 1, 2017. dotPH also offers a free referral service which connects Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises with a network of over 300 accredited professional Filipino web designers. It formerly offered a free blogging service through .i.ph domains.

History

Birth of the .ph registry

In 1989, Joel Disini founded the Email Company (EMC), one of the earliest Internet service providers in the Philippines.Garcia, Jing (July 1, 2001). "A Day In The Life Of Joel Disini", ''Manila Standard'' Business Sunday column. Quoted in full at th

website. Retrieved on May 30, 2008.Mallari, Rene (July 1, 2000)

, ''Cargonews Asia''. Retrieved on May 31, 2008. At that time most networks (including EMC) were connected to the Internet via

UUCP UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy) is a suite of computer programs and communications protocol, protocols allowing remote execution of commands and transfer of computer file, files, email and netnews between computers. A command named is one of the prog ...

. Disini's network had a UUCP connection to

UUNET UUNET Technologies, Inc., formerly UUNET Communications Services, was an American commercial Internet service provider. Founded in 1987, it was one of the first and largest commercial ISPs and one of the early Tier 1 networks. It was based in ...

. This network connection, along with Disini's credentials as a Computer Science and Electrical Engineering graduate of Caltech and five-year experience in Macintosh Networking & Communications software development in Cupertino, California, became Jon Postel's basis for delegating the .ph domain to him. The .ph country code top-level domain was officially delegated on September 14, 1990. Since then, .ph domains have been commercially available to the public. In 1994, the PHNET wide-area network, a project funded by DOST, completed its development and was able to connect the Philippines to the rest of the world by establishing TCP/IP connections to the U.S. using 64 kbit/s international leased lines. At this point, the PHNET Foundation wanted to take over the administration of the .ph domain registry. Protracted negotiations took place, and eventually the responsibility of administrating the .edu.ph and .gov.ph domains were transferred to the PHNET Foundation and the Department of Science and Technology, respectively. At that time domain fees ranged from Php 450 to Php 1,350. Domains registered during this period had no expiration and therefore had no renewal rates, thus the label lifetime domains."Manage Lifetime Domains"
, "dotPH website". Retrieved on May 31, 2008. However, a fee was charged for modifications to these domains. Lifetime domains were non-transferable, and were only valid for the lifetime of the original Registrant.

PH Domain Foundation and dotPH

In August 1999 Disini and the technical people at EMC formed the PH Domain Foundation. It sought to promote the Internet and free unlimited email services in rural areas. It also took charge of the domain selling business and the management of the .ph domain registry. On October 1, 1999, the PH Domain Foundation launched a fully automated online system for domain registration. It also launched a flat .ph domain space, enabling people to register domains like "domainname.ph"."PH Domain Foundation launches flat domain space, automated registration", ''Manila Bulletin'', October 21, 1999. Quoted in full on Internet Toolbox Vol. 11, November 1–15, 1999 series at the ''Web Dot Com Website Development Philippines'' site

. Retrieved on May 31, 2008.Rajendran, Joseph (October 20, 1999)

, ''asia.internet.com''. Retrieved on May 31, 2008. Lifetime domain registration was halted, and all domains registered after October 1 subsequently carried expiration dates. These domain owners had to pay a fee to renew their domains. At around this period, the "for-profit" business and technical side of the PH Domain Foundation became identified as dotPH. Activities related to domains and the business were now attributed to dotPH, such as the resolution on the dispute between Yahoo! Philippines and another Philippine company, the launching of the automated online registration system, and even the administration of the .ph domain registry itself. To this day, dotPH is the official domain registry of the Philippines.

Other developments

In 2000, dotPH developed a system called the Shared Registry System (SRS) which enabled

s and ISP's to manage domains and accept registrations on their own website by connecting to the dotPH registry backend. This is done by downloading and installing on their server a module that does the actual communication with the registry backend using an

XML Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing data. It defines a set of rules for encoding electronic document, documents in a format that is both human-readable and Machine-r ...

-based protocol. dotPH also became one of the first Philippine websites to accept online credit card payments. Through the years, dotPH has expanded its offerings to more than just domain names. Becoming a Google Cloud Partner in 2016 allowed dotPH to offer cloud and collaboration solutions in addition to services such as web hosting, SSL certificates and website builders. dotPH currently uses the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP), the most widely used protocol for communicating between Domain Registries and Registrars, to process domain registrations and renewals.

Notes

External links

Current PH ccTLD administrator

{{DEFAULTSORT:PH Internet in the Philippines Country code top-level domains sv:Toppdomän#P