Urif ( ar, عوريف) is a
Palestinian village in the
Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate ( ar, محافظة نابلس ') is an administrative district of State of Palestine, Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus ...
in northern
West Bank, located 13 kilometers (8 miles) south of
Nablus
Nablus ( ; ar, نابلس, Nābulus ; he, שכם, Šəḵem, ISO 259-3: ; Samaritan Hebrew: , romanized: ; el, Νεάπολις, Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a populati ...
. According to the
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS; ar, الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني) is the official
statistical institution of the State of Palestine. Its main task is to provide credible statistical figures a ...
(PCBS), the town had a population of 2,839 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.
Location
‘Urif is located 7.6km south of
Nablus
Nablus ( ; ar, نابلس, Nābulus ; he, שכם, Šəḵem, ISO 259-3: ; Samaritan Hebrew: , romanized: ; el, Νεάπολις, Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a populati ...
. It is bordered by
‘Einabus to the east,
‘Asira al Qibliya to the north, and
Jamma’in to the west and south.
History
Ceramics from the late
Roman have been found here.
[Dauphin, 1998, p. 803] Dauphin writes that ceramics from the
Byzantine era also have been found,
[ but Ellenblum writes that no pottery from that era has been found here.
]
Crusader period
A woman of Dayr Urif, Sa'ida, was wed to Ahmad ibn Khalid ibn Qudama, a jurist and leader of Hanbali villagers in the Nablus area who fled from Crusader rule to Damascus
)), is an adjective which means "spacious".
, motto =
, image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg
, image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg
, seal_type = Seal
, map_caption =
, ...
between 1156 and 1173. Ahmad's grandson Diya al-Din (1173-1245) refers to the presence of Muslims in Urif during his lifetime.
Ottoman era
Urif was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517 with all of Palestine
__NOTOC__
Palestine may refer to:
* State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia
* Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia
* Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...
, and in 1596 it appeared in the tax registers as being in the '' nahiya'' (subdistrict) of Jabal Qubal of the ''liwa Liwa may refer to:
Places
; Chad
*Liwa (sub-prefecture) in Mamdi Department
; Indonesia
*Liwa, Indonesia
; Oman
* Liwa, Oman, place in Oman, area around Sohar University
*Liwa Province, Oman (wilayah)
; Poland
*Liwa, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeshi ...
'' (district) of Nablus
Nablus ( ; ar, نابلس, Nābulus ; he, שכם, Šəḵem, ISO 259-3: ; Samaritan Hebrew: , romanized: ; el, Νεάπολις, Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a populati ...
. It was noted as ''hali'', empty, but a fixed tax rate of 33.3% was paid on various agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and/or beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 2,800 akçe
The ''akçe'' or ''akça'' (also spelled ''akche'', ''akcheh''; ota, آقچه; ) refers to a silver coin which was the chief monetary unit of the Ottoman Empire. The word itself evolved from the word "silver or silver money", this word is deri ...
.[Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 130]
In 1838 Urif was noted as a Muslim village, part of the Jurat Merda subdistrict, located south of Nablus. In 1870, Victor Guérin found the village to occupy the top of a hill, and having about 450 inhabitants. In 1882, the PEF PEF, PeF, or Pef may stand for the following abbreviations:
* Palestine Exploration Fund
* Peak expiratory flow
* PEF Private University of Management Vienna
* Pentax raw file (see Raw image format)
* Perpetual Education Fund
* Perpetual Emigratio ...
's '' Survey of Western Palestine'' (SWP) described Urif as: "A stone village, on high ground, with a few olives; supplied by wells and with a small spring to the east."
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine
The 1922 census of Palestine was the first census carried out by the authorities of the British Mandate of Palestine, on 23 October 1922.
The reported population was 757,182, including the military and persons of foreign nationality. The divisi ...
conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Urif had a population of 270 Muslims,[Barron, 1923, Table IX, p]
25
/ref> increasing in the 1931 census to 403; 402 Muslims and 1 Christian, in 103 houses.
In the 1945 statistics the population was 520, all Muslims,[Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p]
19
/ref> while the total land area was 3,965 dunam
A dunam ( Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: ; tr, dönüm; he, דונם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area equivalent to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount ...
s, according to an official land and population survey.
Of this, 1,107 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 1,452 for cereals, while 32 dunams were classified as built-up areas.
Jordanian period
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on 14 May 1948; the Israeli Declaration of Independence had ...
, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements
The 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt,[Jordanian rule
The Jordanian annexation of the West Bank formally occurred on 24 April 1950, after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, during which Transjordan occupied territory that had previously been part of Mandatory PalestineRaphael Israeli, Jerusalem divi ...](_blank)
. The Jordanian census of 1961 found 710 inhabitants.
Post 1967
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Urif has been under Israeli occupation
Israeli-occupied territories are the lands that were captured and occupied by Israel during the Six-Day War of 1967. While the term is currently applied to the Palestinian territories and the Golan Heights, it has also been used to refer to a ...
. As of 2014, 3,115 dunams (77%) of Urif land were Area B
The Palestinian enclaves are areas in the West Bank designated for Palestinians under a variety of Israeli–Palestinian peace process, U.S. and Israeli-led proposals to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The enclaves are Israel and aparthe ...
, while 949 (23%) were Area C. 58 dunums of Urif's land have been confiscated for the Israeli settlement
Israeli settlements, or Israeli colonies, are civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, overwhelmingly of Jewish ethnicity, built on lands occupied by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War. The international community considers Israeli se ...
of Yitzhar.
Chronology of events and disturbances
*On May 19, 2012, about 25 Jewish settler
Israeli settlements, or Israeli colonies, are civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, overwhelmingly of Jewish ethnicity, built on lands occupied by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War. The international community considers Israeli set ...
s, some of them carrying guns, set fire to the wheat fields of Urif, and shot one Palestinian man in the stomach.
*On May 26, 2012, settlers from Yitzhar shot a youth from Urif. They then tied him up and proceeded to beat him. Samaria Regional Council head Gershon Mesika said that the shooting was a defensive act against a man who wielded a knife.[ The clash had started when a group of settlers were thought to have set fire to fields belonging to Urif, although the settlers denied any involvement.]
*In 2013, settlers from Yitzhar reportedly smashed the window of a mosque in Urif and tried to burn it down.
*In February, 2015, settlers from Yitzhar defaced the village school with graffiti, with ' Death to Arabs' sprayed alongside the Star of David
The Star of David (). is a generally recognized symbol of both Jewish identity and Judaism. Its shape is that of a hexagram: the compound of two equilateral triangles.
A derivation of the ''seal of Solomon'', which was used for decorative ...
in an alleged price tag attacks
The price tag attack policy ( he, מדיניות תג מחיר), also sometimes referred to as "mutual responsibility" (), is the name originally given to the attacks and acts of vandalism committed primarily in the occupied West Bank by Is ...
.[
*In July 2016, the ]IDF
IDF or idf may refer to:
Defence forces
* Irish Defence Forces
* Israel Defense Forces
*Iceland Defense Force, of the US Armed Forces, 1951-2006
* Indian Defence Force, a part-time force, 1917
Organizations
* Israeli Diving Federation
* Interac ...
confiscated in Urif homemade weapons and ammunition, and lathes used to manufacture weapons, as well as apprehending four local Arab residents of Urif who sold such weapons.
*In 2017, farmers from Urif were prevented from working on their land in Area B.
*In May, 2021, as part of the 2021 demonstrations; Nidal Sael Safadi was killed in Urif by the Israeli army
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; he, צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל , ), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym (), is the national military of the State of Israel. It consists of three service branc ...
, while "trying to confront Israeli settlers who were storming the area".
File:201805 defenseless against settlers violence photoblog jamileh shhadeh urif.jpg , 81 year old Jamileh Shehadeh, Urif, who had all her olive trees cut down by Israeli settlers
File:201805 defenseless against settlers violence photoblog urif2.jpg , "Fight the enemy. Price Tag." Hebrew Graffiti spray-painted by Israeli settlers
File:Itzhar01.jpg , Maqam (shrine) of Salman the Persian northeast of Urif[Palmer, 1881, p]
191
/ref>
References
Bibliography
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External links
Urif
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14
IAA
Wikimedia commons
‘Urif Village Profile
Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
Development Priorities and Needs in ‘Urif
ARIJ
Setting 22 Dunums of Agricultural Lands Ablaze in Urif village -Nablus Governorate
POICA, April 30, 2013
{{Nablus Governorate
Nablus Governorate
Villages in the West Bank
Municipalities of the State of Palestine