Nur ad-Din Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Sultan Muhammad al-Hirawi al-Qari (; d. 1605/1606), known as Mulla Ali al-Qari () was an Afghan

Islamic scholar In Islam, the ''ulama'' ( ; also spelled ''ulema''; ; singular ; feminine singular , plural ) are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law. They are considered the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam. "Ulama ...

. He was born in

Herat Herāt (; Dari/Pashto: هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan. In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (''Se ...

, where he received his basic Islamic education. Thereafter, he travelled to

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

and studied under the scholar Shaykh Ahmad

Ibn Hajar al-Haytami Sheikhul Islam Shihāb al-Dīn Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī al-Makkī al-Anṣārī known as Ibn Hajar al-Haytami al-Makki () was a renowned Sunni Egyptian scholar. He was the leading jurist of the ...

Makki, and al-Qari eventually decided to remain in Mecca where he taught, died and was buried. He is considered in

Hanafi The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the ...

circles to be one of the masters of

hadith Hadith is the Arabic word for a 'report' or an 'account f an event and refers to the Islamic oral tradition of anecdotes containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his immediate circle ...

and imams of

fiqh ''Fiqh'' (; ) is the term for Islamic jurisprudence.Fiqh
Encyclopædia Britannica ''Fiqh'' is of ...

, Qur'anic commentary, language, history and

tasawwuf Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are r ...

. He was a hafiz (memoriser of the

Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

) and a famous

calligrapher Calligraphy () is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instruments. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an exp ...

who wrote a Quran by hand every year. Al-Qari wrote several books, including the commentary ''al-Mirqat'' on ''

Mishkat al-Masabih () by Walī ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Khaṭīb at-Tibrīzī (d.1248) is an expanded and revised version of al-Baghawī's '' Maṣābīḥ as-Sunnah''. Khaṭīb at-Tibrīzī rendered this version of the original ...

'' in several volumes, a two-volume commentary on

Qadi Ayyad Abū al-Faḍl ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ al-Yaḥṣubī al-Sabtī (Camilo Gómez-Rivas, Islamic Legal Thought: A Compendium of Muslim Jurists, ...

's '' Ash-Shifa'', a commentary on the '' Shama'il al-Tirmidhi'', and a two-volume commentary on

Al-Ghazali Al-Ghazali ( – 19 December 1111), archaically Latinized as Algazelus, was a Shafi'i Sunni Muslim scholar and polymath. He is known as one of the most prominent and influential jurisconsults, legal theoreticians, muftis, philosophers, the ...

's abridgement of the ''Ihya Ulum ad-Din'' (

The Revival of the Religious Sciences ''The Revival of the Religious Sciences'' () is a 12th-century book written by the Muslim scholar al-Ghazali. The book was composed in Arabic by al-Ghazali on his spiritual crises that stemmed from his appointment as the head of the Nizamiyya U ...

) entitled ''`Ayn al-`Ilm wa Zayn al-Hilm'' (The spring of knowledge and the adornment of understanding). He also wrote ''Daw' al-Ma'ali Sharh Bad' al-Amali'' (), an exposition of

Qasida The qaṣīda (also spelled ''qaṣīdah''; plural ''qaṣā’id'') is an ancient Arabic word and form of poetry, often translated as ode. The qasida originated in pre-Islamic Arabic poetry and passed into non-Arabic cultures after the Arab Mus ...

''Bad' al-Amali'' by Siraj al-Din al-Ushi. His most popular work is a collection of prayers (dua), taken from the Quran and the Hadith, called ''Hizb ul-Azam''. The collection is divided into seven chapters, giving one chapter for each day of the week. This work is sometimes found in a collection with the Dalail al-Khayrat. He died in Makkah and was buried in Jannat al-Mu'alla Cemetery graveyard.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Al-Qari Hanafis Maturidis 16th-century Muslim theologians Hadith scholars Sunni imams Sunni fiqh scholars Sunni Sufis People from Herat 1605 deaths Year of birth unknown 17th-century Muslim theologians Burials at Jannat al-Mu'alla Critics of Ibn Arabi

See also

References