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Video BIOS
Video BIOS is the BIOS of a graphics card in a (usually IBM PC-derived) computer. It initializes the graphics card at the computer's boot time. It also implements INT 10h interrupt and VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE) for basic text and videomode output before a specific video driver is loaded. In UEFI 2.x systems, the INT 10h and the VBE are replaced by the UEFI GOP. Much the way the system BIOS provides a set of functions that are used by software programs to access the system hardware, the video BIOS provides a set of video-related functions that are used by programs to access the video hardware, as well as storing video card settings such as card name, clock frequencies, VRAM types & voltages, and oncard VRM powers. The video BIOS interfaces software to the video chipset in the same way that the system BIOS does for the system chipset. The ROM also contained a basic font set to upload to the video adapter font RAM, if the video card did not contain a font ROM with this font set in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generic Block Diagram Of A GPU
Generic or generics may refer to: In business * Generic term, a common name used for a range or class of similar things not protected by trademark * Generic brand, a brand for a product that does not have an associated brand or trademark, other than the trading name of the business providing the product * Generic trademark, a trademark that sometimes or usually replaces a common term in colloquial usage * Generic drug, a drug identified by its chemical name rather than its brand name In computer programming * Generic function, a computer programming entity made up of all methods having the same name * Generic programming, a computer programming paradigm based on method/functions or classes defined irrespective of the concrete data types used upon instantiation ** Generics in Java In linguistics *A pronoun or other word used with a less specific meaning, such as: ** Generic you, generic ''you'' **Generic he, generic ''he'' or Generic she, generic ''she'' **Generic they, generic ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monochrome Display Adapter
The Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA, also MDA card, Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, MDPA) is IBM's standard video display card and computer display standard for the IBM PC introduced in 1981. The MDA does not have any pixel-addressable graphics modes, only a single monochrome text mode which can display 80 columns by 25 lines of high-resolution text characters or Semigraphics, symbols useful for drawing forms. Hardware design The original IBM MDA was an 8-bit ISA card with a Motorola 6845 display controller, 4 KB of RAM, a D-subminiature, DE-9 output port intended for use with an IBM 5151, IBM monochrome monitor. A parallel port for attachment of a printer is also included, avoiding the need to purchase a separate card. Capabilities The MDA was based on the IBM System/23 Datamaster's display system, and was intended to support business and word processing use with its sharp, high-resolution characters. Each character is rendered in a box of 9 × ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Video Graphics Array
Video Graphics Array (VGA) is a video display controller and accompanying de facto graphics standard, first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987, which became ubiquitous in the IBM PC compatible industry within three years. The term can now refer to the computer display standard, the 15-pin D-subminiature VGA connector, or the Graphics display resolution, resolution characteristic of the VGA hardware. VGA was the last IBM graphics standard to which the majority of IBM PC compatible computer manufacturers conformed, making it the Lowest common denominator#Colloquial usage, lowest common denominator that virtually all post-1990 PC graphics hardware can be expected to implement. VGA was adapted into many extended forms by third parties, collectively known as Super VGA, then gave way to custom graphics processing units which, in addition to their proprietary interfaces and capabilities, continue to implement common VGA graphics modes and interfaces to the presen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphics Processing Unit
A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit designed for digital image processing and to accelerate computer graphics, being present either as a discrete video card or embedded on motherboards, mobile phones, personal computers, workstations, and game consoles. GPUs were later found to be useful for non-graphic calculations involving embarrassingly parallel problems due to their parallel structure. The ability of GPUs to rapidly perform vast numbers of calculations has led to their adoption in diverse fields including artificial intelligence (AI) where they excel at handling data-intensive and computationally demanding tasks. Other non-graphical uses include the training of neural networks and cryptocurrency mining. History 1970s Arcade system boards have used specialized graphics circuits since the 1970s. In early video game hardware, RAM for frame buffers was expensive, so video chips composited data together as the display was being scann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GeForce 900 Series
The GeForce 900 series is a family of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, succeeding the GeForce 700 series and serving as the high-end introduction to the Maxwell (microarchitecture), Maxwell microarchitecture, named after James Clerk Maxwell. They were produced with TSMC's 28 nm process, 28 nm process. With Maxwell, the successor to Kepler (microarchitecture), Kepler, Nvidia expected three major outcomes: improved graphics capabilities, simplified programming, and better Energy efficiency (physics), energy efficiency compared to the GeForce 700 series and GeForce 600 series. Maxwell was announced in September 2010, with the first Maxwell-based GeForce consumer-class products released in early 2014. Architecture First generation Maxwell (GM10x) First generation Maxwell (microarchitecture), Maxwell GM107/GM108 were released as GeForce GTX 745, GTX 750/750 Ti and GTX 850M/860M (GM107) and GT 830M/840M (GM108). These new chips provide few consumer-facing ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shader
In computer graphics, a shader is a computer program that calculates the appropriate levels of light, darkness, and color during the rendering of a 3D scene—a process known as '' shading''. Shaders have evolved to perform a variety of specialized functions in computer graphics special effects and video post-processing, as well as general-purpose computing on graphics processing units. Traditional shaders calculate rendering effects on graphics hardware with a high degree of flexibility. Most shaders are coded for (and run on) a graphics processing unit (GPU), though this is not a strict requirement. ''Shading languages'' are used to program the GPU's rendering pipeline, which has mostly superseded the fixed-function pipeline of the past that only allowed for common geometry transforming and pixel-shading functions; with shaders, customized effects can be used. The position and color ( hue, saturation, brightness, and contrast) of all pixels, vertices, and/or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radeon
Radeon () is a brand of computer products, including graphics processing units, random-access memory, RAM disk software, and solid-state drives, produced by Radeon Technologies Group, a division of AMD. The brand was launched in 2000 by ATI Technologies, which was acquired by AMD in 2006 for US$5.4 billion. Radeon Graphics Radeon Graphics is the successor to the Rage line. Four different families of microarchitectures can be roughly distinguished, the fixed-pipeline family, the unified shader model-families of TeraScale, Graphics Core Next, and RDNA. ATI/AMD have developed different technologies, such as TruForm, HyperMemory, HyperZ, XGP, Eyefinity for multi-monitor setups, PowerPlay for power-saving, CrossFire (for multi-GPU) or Hybrid Graphics. A range of SIP blocks is also to be found on certain models in the Radeon products line: Unified Video Decoder, Video Coding Engine and TrueAudio. The brand was previously only known as "ATI Radeon" until August 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Video Memory
Video random-access memory (VRAM) is dedicated computer memory used to store the pixels and other graphics data as a framebuffer to be rendered on a computer monitor. It often uses a different technology than other computer memory, in order to be read quickly for display on a screen. Relation to GPUs Many modern GPUs rely on VRAM. In contrast, a GPU that does ''not'' use VRAM, and relies instead on system RAM, is said to have a unified memory architecture, or shared graphics memory. System RAM and VRAM have been segregated due to the bandwidth requirements of GPUs, and to achieve lower latency, since VRAM is physically closer to the GPU die. Modern VRAM is typically found in a BGA package soldered onto a graphics card. The VRAM is cooled along with the GPU by the GPU heatsink. Technologies * Dual-ported video RAM, used in the 1990s and at the time often called "VRAM" * SGRAM * GDDR SDRAM * High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) See also * Graphics processing unit * Tiled render ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nvidia
Nvidia Corporation ( ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware. Founded in 1993 by Jensen Huang (president and CEO), Chris Malachowsky, and Curtis Priem, it designs and supplies graphics processing units (GPUs), application programming interfaces (APIs) for data science and high-performance computing, and system on a chip units (SoCs) for mobile computing and the automotive market. Nvidia is also a leading supplier of artificial intelligence (AI) hardware and software. Nvidia outsources the manufacturing of the hardware it designs. Nvidia's professional line of GPUs are used for edge-to-cloud computing and in supercomputers and workstations for applications in fields such as architecture, engineering and construction, media and entertainment, automotive, scientific research, and manufacturing design. Its GeForce line of GPUs are aimed at the consumer market and are used in ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enhanced Graphics Adapter
The Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) is an IBM PC compatible, IBM PC Video card, graphics adapter and ''de facto'' computer display standard from 1984 that superseded the Color Graphics Adapter, CGA standard introduced with the IBM Personal Computer, original IBM PC, and was itself superseded by the Video Graphics Array, VGA standard in 1987. In addition to the original EGA card manufactured by IBM, many compatible third-party cards were manufactured, and EGA graphics modes continued to be supported by VGA and later standards. History EGA was introduced in October 1984 by IBM,High-Resolution Standard Is Latest Step in DOS Graphics Evolution, ''InfoWorld'', June 26, 1989, p. 48.News Briefs, Big Blue Turns Colors, ''InfoWorld'', October 8, 1984. shortly after its new IBM Personal Computer AT, PC/AT. The EGA could be installed in previously released IBM PCs, but required a Read-only memory, ROM upgrade on the Motherboard, mainboard. Chips and Technologies' first product, announced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
