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Turned Letter
Note the leading J of Jacquard in Caslon italic typeface, which was turned for the pound sign £. In the days of printing with metal type sorts, it was common to rotate letters and digits 180° to create new symbols. This was a cheap way to extend the alphabet that didn't require purchasing or cutting custom sorts. The method was used for example with the Palaeotype alphabet, the International Phonetic Alphabet, the Fraser script, and for some mathematical symbols. Perhaps the earliest instance of this that is still in use is turned e for schwa. In the eighteenth-century Caslon metal fonts, the British pound sign (£) was set with a rotated italic uppercase J. Unicode support The following rotated (turned) letters have Unicode codepoints unless otherwise indicated. Latin In this table, parentheses mark letters that stand in for themselves or for another. For instance, a rotated 'b' would be a 'q', and indeed some physical typefaces didn't bother with distinct sorts for lowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Small Caps
In typography, small caps (short for small capitals) are grapheme, characters typeset with glyphs that resemble uppercase letters but reduced in height and weight close to the surrounding lowercase letters or text figures. Small caps are used in running text as a form of emphasis that is less dominant than all uppercase text, and as a method of emphasis or distinctiveness for text alongside or instead of italics, or when boldface is inappropriate. For example, the text "Text in small caps" appears as in small caps. Small caps can be used to draw attention to the opening phrase or line of a new section of text, or to provide an additional style in a dictionary entry where many parts must be typographically differentiated. Well-designed small capitals are not simply scaled-down versions of normal capitals; they normally retain the same stroke weight as other letters and have a wider Aspect ratio (image), aspect ratio for readability. Typically, the height of a small capital gly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ExtIPA
The Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for Disordered Speech, commonly abbreviated extIPA , are a set of letters and diacritics devised by the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association to augment the International Phonetic Alphabet for the phonetic transcription of disordered speech. Some of the symbols are used for transcribing features of normal speech in IPA transcription, and are accepted as such by the International Phonetic Association. Many sounds found only in disordered speech are indicated with diacritics, though an increasing number of dedicated letters are used as well. Special letters are included to transcribe the speech of people with lisps and cleft palates. The extIPA repeats several standard-IPA diacritics that are unfamiliar to most people but transcribe features that are common in disordered speech. These include preaspiration , linguolabial , laminal fricatives , and for a sound (segment or feature) with no available ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tresillo (letter)
Tresillo (capital: Ꜫ, small: ꜫ; Spanish for "little three") is a letter of several colonial Mayan alphabets in the Latin script that is based on the digit 3. It was invented by a Franciscan friar, Francisco de la Parra, in the 16th century to represent the uvular ejective consonant found in Mayan languages, and is known as one of the Parra letters. In cursive form, the tresillo is often written . As an example of use, the word for fire in the Kaqchikel language, , is written in the Parra orthography. See also *Cuatrillo Cuatrillo (capital: Ꜭ, small: ꜭ) ( Spanish for "little four") is a letter of several colonial Mayan alphabets in the Latin script that is based on the digit 4. It was invented by a Franciscan friar, Alonso de la Parra, in the 16th century ... References External linksCuatrillo and Tresillo in Recent Linguistic Publications [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrillic
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inverted Question Mark
The upside-down (also inverted, turned or rotated) question mark and exclamation mark are punctuation marks used to begin interrogative and exclamatory sentences or clauses in Spanish and some languages that have cultural ties with Spain, such as Asturian and Waray. The initial marks are mirrored at the end of the sentence or clause by the ordinary question mark, , or exclamation mark, . Upside-down marks are supported by various standards, including ISO-8859-1, Unicode, and HTML. They can be entered directly on keyboards designed for Spanish-speaking countries. Usage The upside-down question mark is written before the first letter of an interrogative sentence or clause to indicate that a question follows. It is a rotated form of the standard symbol "?" recognized by speakers of other languages written with the Latin script. A regular question mark is written at the end of the sentence or clause. Upside-down punctuation is especially critical in Spanish since the synt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quotation Mark
Quotation marks are punctuation marks used in pairs in various writing systems to identify direct speech, a quotation, or a phrase. The pair consists of an opening quotation mark and a closing quotation mark, which may or may not be the same glyph. Quotation marks have a variety of forms in different languages and in different media. History The single quotation mark is traced to Ancient Greek practice, adopted and adapted by monastic copyists. Isidore of Seville, in his seventh century encyclopedia, , described their use of the Greek ''diplé'' (a Angle bracket, chevron): The double quotation mark derives from a marginal notation used in fifteenth-century manuscript annotations to indicate a passage of particular importance (not necessarily a quotation); the notation was placed in the outside margin of the page and was repeated alongside each line of the passage. In his edition of the works of Aristotle, which appeared in 1483 or 1484, the Milanese Renaissance humanis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insular G
Insular G (majuscule: Ᵹ, minuscule: ᵹ) is a form of the letter g somewhat resembling an ezh, used in the medieval insular script of Great Britain and Ireland. It was first used in the Roman Empire in Roman cursive, then it appeared in Irish half uncial (insular) script, and after it had passed into Old English, it developed into the Middle English letter yogh (Ȝ ȝ). Middle English, having reborrowed the familiar Carolingian g from the Continent, began to use the two forms of g as separate letters. Letter The lowercase insular g (ᵹ) was used in Irish linguistics as a phonetic character for , and on this basis is encoded in the Phonetic Extensions block of Unicode 4.1 (March 2005) as U+1D79. Its capital (Ᵹ) was introduced in Unicode 5.1 (April 2008) at U+A77D. The insular g is one of several insular letters encoded into Unicode. Few fonts will display all of the symbols, but more than a few will display the lowercase insular g (ᵹ) and the tironian et (⁊). Two fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turned Small Cap Omega As A Vowel
To turn is to rotate, either continuously like a wheel turns on its axle, or in a finite motion changing an object's orientation. Turn may also refer to: Sports and games * Turn (game), a segment of a game * Turn (poker), the fourth of five community cards * Turn (dance and gymnastics), rotation of the body * Turn (swimming), reversing direction at the end of a pool * Turn (professional wrestling), a transition between face and heel * Turn, a quality of spin bowling in cricket Science and technology * Turn (knot), a component of a knot * Turning, shaping wood or metal using a lathe * Turn (biochemistry), an element of secondary structure in proteins * Turn (unit), a unit of angle * Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN), a computer network protocol * A loop of wire in an electromagnetic coil Entertainment Film and television * ''Turn'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''The Turn'' (film), a 2012 short film * '' Turn: Washington's Spies'', a 2014 television series on AMC, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Notation
Mathematical notation consists of using glossary of mathematical symbols, symbols for representing operation (mathematics), operations, unspecified numbers, relation (mathematics), relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expression (mathematics), expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics, science, and engineering for representing complex concepts and property (philosophy), properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way. For example, the physicist Albert Einstein's formula E=mc^2 is the quantitative representation in mathematical notation of mass–energy equivalence. Mathematical notation was first introduced by François Viète at the end of the 16th century and largely expanded during the 17th and 18th centuries by René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and overall Leonhard Euler. Symbols and typeface The use of many symbols is the basis of mathematical notation. They play a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
