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Token (Windows NT Architecture)
In computer systems, an access token contains the security credentials for a login session and identifies the user, the user's groups, the user's privileges, and, in some cases, a particular application. In some instances, one may be asked to enter an access token (e.g. 40 random characters) rather than the usual password (it therefore should be kept secret just like a password). Overview An ''access token'' is an object encapsulating the security identity of a process or thread. A token is used to make security decisions and to store tamper-proof information about some system entity. While a token is generally used to represent only security information, it is capable of holding additional free-form data that can be attached while the token is being created. Tokens can be duplicated without special privilege, for example to create a new token with lower levels of access rights to restrict the access of a launched application. An access token is used by Windows when a process or th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MSDN
Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) was the division of Microsoft responsible for managing the firm's relationship with developers and testers, such as hardware developers interested in the operating system (OS), and software developers developing on the various OS platforms or using the API or scripting languages of Microsoft's applications. The relationship management was situated in assorted media: web sites, newsletters, developer conferences, trade media, blogs and DVD distribution. Starting in January 2020, the website was fully integrated with Microsoft Docs (itself integrated into Microsoft Learn in 2022). Websites MSDN's primary web presence at ''msdn.microsoft.com'' was a collection of sites for the developer community that provided information, documentation, and discussion that was authored both by Microsoft and by the community at large. Microsoft later began placing emphasis on incorporation of forums, blogs, library annotations and social bookmarking to mak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Credentials
A credential is a piece of any document that details a qualification, competence, or authority issued to an individual by a third party with a relevant or '' de facto'' authority or assumed competence to do so. Examples of credentials include academic diplomas, academic degrees, certifications, security clearances, identification documents, badges, passwords, user names, keys, powers of attorney, and so on. Sometimes publications, such as scientific papers or books, may be viewed as similar to credentials by some people, especially if the publication was peer reviewed or made in a well-known journal or reputable publisher. Types and documentation of credentials A person holding a credential is usually given documentation or secret knowledge (''e.g.,'' a password or key) as proof of the credential. Sometimes this proof (or a copy of it) is held by a third, trusted party. While in some cases a credential may be as simple as a paper membership card, in other cases, such as di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
API Key
An application programming interface (API) key is a secret unique identifier used to authenticate and authorize a user, developer, or calling program to an API. Cloud computing providers such as Google Cloud Platform and Amazon Web Services recommend that API keys only be used to authenticate projects, rather than human users. Usage HTTP APIs API keys for HTTP-based APIs can be sent in multiple ways: The access token is often a JSON Web Token (JWT) in the HTTP Authorization header: POST /something HTTP/1.1 Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9... In the query string: POST /something?api_key=abcdef12345 HTTP/1.1 As a request header: GET /something HTTP/1.1 X-API-Key: abcdef12345 As a cookie: GET /something HTTP/1.1 Cookie: X-API-KEY=abcdef12345 Security API keys are generally not considered secure; they are typically accessible to clients, making it easy for someone to steal an API key. Keys often have no expiration, meaning a stolen key c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claims-based Identity
Claims-based identity is a common way for applications to acquire the identity information they need about users inside their organization, in other organizations, and on the Internet. It also provides a consistent approach for applications running on-premises or in the cloud. Claims-based identity abstracts the individual elements of identity and access control into two parts: a notion of claims, and the concept of an issuer or an authority. Identity and claims A claim is a statement that one subject, such as a person or organization, makes about itself or another subject. For example, the statement can be about a name, group, buying preference, ethnicity, privilege, association or capability. The subject making the claim or claims is the provider. Claims are packaged into one or more tokens that are then issued by an issuer (provider), commonly known as a security token service (STS). The name "claims-based identity" can be confusing at first because it seems like a misnomer, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Session ID
In computer science, a session identifier, session ID or session token is a piece of data that is used in network communications (often over HTTPS) to identify a session, a series of related message exchanges. Session identifiers become necessary in cases where the communications infrastructure uses a stateless protocol such as HTTP. For example, a buyer who visits a seller's website wants to collect a number of articles in a virtual shopping cart and then finalize the shopping by going to the site's checkout page. This typically involves an ongoing communication where several webpages are requested by the client and sent back to them by the server. In such a situation, it is vital to keep track of the current state of the shopper's cart, and a session ID is one way to achieve that goal. A session ID is typically granted to a visitor on their first visit to a site. It is different from a user ID in that sessions are typically short-lived (they expire after a preset time of inact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JSON Web Token
JSON Web Token (JWT, suggested pronunciation , same as the word "jot") is a Internet Standard#Proposed Standard, proposed Internet standard for creating data with optional Signature (cryptography), signature and/or optional encryption whose Payload (computing), payload holds JSON that asserts some number of Claims-based identity, claims. The tokens are signed either using a Shared secret, private secret or a Public-key cryptography, public/private key. For example, a server could generate a token that has the claim "logged in as administrator" and provide that to a client. The client could then use that token to prove that it is logged in as admin. The tokens can be signed by one party's private key (usually the server's) so that any party can subsequently verify whether the token is legitimate. If the other party, by some suitable and trustworthy means, is in possession of the corresponding public key, they too are able to verify the token's legitimacy. The Session token, tokens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
