|
Terumah
A ''terumah'' (), the priestly dues or heave offering, is a type of offering in Judaism. The word is generally used for offerings to God, but can also refer to gifts to a human. The word ''terumah'' refers to various types of offerings, but most commonly to ''terumah gedolah'' (תרומה גדולה, "great offering"), which must be separated from agricultural produce and given to a kohen (a priest of Aaron's lineage), who must eat it in a state of tumah and taharah, ritual purity. Those separating the ''terumah'' unto the priests during the time when the Temple stood were required, as a rule, to do so also in a state of Ritual purity in Judaism, ritual purity, as being unclean could render the ''terumah'' unfit for consumption. Today, the ''terumah'' is separated and either burnt or discarded. Etymology The word ''terumah'' ("lifting up") comes from the verb stem, ''rum'' (רוּם, "high" or "to lift up"). The formation of ''terumah'' is parallel to the formation of ''tenufah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terumat Maaser
In the Hebrew Bible, the tithe of the tithes (Hebrew: ) is a mitzvah (biblical requirement) for the recipient Levite to give to the Kohen, priest a tenth (10%) of the First tithe, tithe of produce that the former received from the Israelites. It applies only to agricultural produce grown in the Land of Israel. This "tithe of the tithes" is a derivative of the tithe offering (Hebrew: ) – a rabbinical Hebrew term based on the mitzvah, commandment in the Hebrew Bible to give a tithe of 10% to the Levites. The first term, terumah, means offering. The term ''tithe offering'', , is alluded to in the Hebrew Bible text under the words "a tithe (tenth) of the tithe" (). Hebrew Bible The term ''tithe'' (Hebrew: ) occurs ten times in the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible, in addition to the term (Hebrew: 'tithe of the tithe', in the Septuagint Greek: ) which occurs once only in Book of Nehemiah, Nehemiah .http://www.blueletterbible.org/search/translationResults.cfm?Criteria=tit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Tithe
The first tithe () is a positive commandment in the Torah requiring the giving of one tenth of agricultural produce to charity, after the giving of the standard terumah, to the Levite (or Kohen). This tithe is required to be free of both monetary and servicial compensation. Originally, during the First Temple period, the tithe was given to the Levite. Approximately at the beginning of the Second Temple construction, Ezra and his beth din implemented its giving to the kohanim.The Talmud Adin Steinsaltz 1992 "Yet if a priest has first tithe in his possession, he need not give it to a Levite. Ezra penalized the Levites of his generation because they did not return to Eretz Israel with him, and he decreed that first tithe should be given to ..." However, this rule was nullified with the destruction of the Second Temple, and since then the tithe has been given to Levites once again. Hebrew Bible The tithe gift is discussed in the Hebrew Bible (Numbers ) according to which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tohorot (tractate)
Tohorot (Hebrew: טָהֳרוֹת, literally "Purities") is a tractate in the Mishnah and Tosefta, treating especially of the lesser degrees of uncleanness the effects of which last until sunset only. In most editions of the Mishnah it is the fifth tractate in the order Tohorot. It is divided into ten chapters, comprising ninety-six paragraphs in all. Contents *Chapter 1: The thirteen regulations concerning the ''nebelah'' of a bird, i.e., a fowl not ritually slaughtered; what quantity of such fowl causes uncleanness as ''nebelah'', and what quantity uncleanness merely as other unclean foods; which parts are not included to make up the minimum required quantity; from which moment a head of cattle not ritually slaughtered acquires a lesser degree of uncleanness, i.e., that of ordinary foods, and when the higher degree of impurity, that of the ''nebelah''; which parts are included in order to make up the minimum quantity for the lesser degree, but not for the higher degree (§§ 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumah And Taharah
In Jewish religious law, there is a category of specific Jewish purity laws, defining what is ritually impure or pure: ''ṭum'ah'' (, ) and ''ṭaharah'' (, ) are the state of being ritually "impure" and "pure", respectively. The Hebrew noun ''ṭum'ah'', meaning "impurity", describes a state of ritual impurity. A person or object which contracts ''ṭum'ah'' is said to be ''ṭamé'' ( Hebrew adjective, "ritually impure"), and thereby unsuited for certain holy activities and uses ('' kedushah'', in Hebrew) until undergoing predefined purification actions that usually include the elapse of a specified time-period. The contrasting Hebrew noun ''ṭaharah'' () describes a state of ritual purity that qualifies the ''ṭahor'' (; ritually pure person or object) to be used for ''kedushah''. The most common method of achieving ''ṭaharah'' is by the person or object being immersed in a ''mikveh'' (ritual bath). This concept is connected with ritual washing in Judaism, and both ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wave Offering
The omer offering (''korban omer''), or the sheaf offering, was an Sacrifice, offering (''korban'') made by the Jewish priests in the Temple in Jerusalem. The offering consisted of one Omer (unit), omer of freshly harvested grain, and was waved in the Temple. It was offered on Passover, and signaled the beginning of the 49-day counting of the Omer (which concluded with the Shavuot holiday), as well as permission to consume ''chadash'' (grains from the ''new'' harvest). The omer offering was one example of a wave offering (Hebrew language, Hebrew: ''tenufah'' ), which was waved in the Temple. Omer offering The offering containing an ''Omer (unit), omer''-measure of barley, described as ''reishit ketzirchem'' ("the beginning of your harvest"). Josephus describes the processing of the offering as follows: After parching and crushing the little sheaf of ears and purifying the barley for grinding, they bring to the altar aissaronfor God, and, having flung a handful thereof on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kohen
Kohen (, ; , ، Arabic كاهن , Kahen) is the Hebrew word for "priest", used in reference to the Aaronic Priest#Judaism, priesthood, also called Aaronites or Aaronides. They are traditionally believed, and halakha, halakhically required, to be of direct Patrilineality, patrilineal descent from the biblical Aaron (also ''Aharon''), brother of Moses, and thus belong to the Tribe of Levi. During the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem (and previously the Tabernacle), ''kohanim'' performed the Temple korban, sacrificial offerings, which were only permitted to be offered by them. Following Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE), its destruction, it seems that most of them joined the Synagogal Judaism, Synagogal Jewish movement before adopting gradually Rabbinic Judaism, other types of Judaism, List of converts to Christianity from Judaism, Christianity or List of converts to Islam from Judaism, Islam. Today, ''kohanim'' retain a lesser though distinct status within Rabbinic Judaism, Rabbinic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judaism
Judaism () is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic, Monotheism, monotheistic, ethnic religion that comprises the collective spiritual, cultural, and legal traditions of the Jews, Jewish people. Religious Jews regard Judaism as their means of observing the Mosaic covenant, which they believe was established between God in Judaism, God and the Jewish people. The religion is considered one of the earliest monotheistic religions. Jewish religious doctrine encompasses a wide body of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. Among Judaism's core texts is the Torah—the first five books of the Hebrew Bible—and a collection of ancient Hebrew scriptures. The Tanakh, known in English as the Hebrew Bible, has the same books as Protestant Christianity's Old Testament, with some differences in order and content. In addition to the original written scripture, the supplemental Oral Torah is represented by later texts, such as the Midrash and the Talmud. The Hebrew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firstborn (Judaism)
The firstborn or firstborn son (Hebrew בְּכוֹר ''bəḵōr'') is an important concept in Judaism. The role of firstborn son carries significance in the redemption of the first-born son, in the allocation of a double portion of the inheritance, and in the prophetic application of "firstborn" to the nation of Israel. Etymology and usage The semitic root B-K-R means "early" or "first" in Ancient Near East Semitic languages. Biblical Hebrew contains various verbs from the B-K-R stem with this association. The plural noun ''bikkurim'' (vegetable first fruits) also derives from this root. The masculine noun ''bekhor'' ( firstborn) is used of sons, as "Canaan begat Sidon his firstborn", while the feminine equivalent is ''bekhirah'' (בְּכִירָה), firstborn daughter. Derived from ''bechor'' is the qualitative noun ''bekhorah'' (בְּכוֹרָה) (" birthright"), related to primogeniture. Hebrew Bible The earliest account of primogeniture to be widely known in modern times ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dough Offering
In Judaism, the dough offering (or separation of ''challah'', ) is an positive commandment requiring the owner of bread dough to give a part of the kneaded dough to a kohen (Jewish priest). The obligation to separate the dough offering (henceforth: challah) from the dough begins the moment the dough is kneaded, but may also be separated after the loaves are baked. This commandment is one of the twenty-four priestly gifts. By biblical law the commandment is only obligatory in the Land of Israel, but rabbinic law applies it also to bread made outside the Land of Israel. The common modern practice in Orthodox Judaism is to burn (although simply throwing away the dough in a double-wrapped container is allowed) the portion to be given the Kohen, although giving the ''challah'' to a Kohen for consumption is permitted—even encouraged—outside Israel (permitted with restrictions, see article below for detail). Hebrew Bible The offering is commanded in : In the above passage "cake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herem (priestly Gift)
In the Tanakh, the term ''herem'' (Hebrew חֵרֶם ''ḥêrem'') is used, among other meanings, for an object or real property to be devoted to God, with God authorizing a ''kohen'' (Jewish priest) to be its receiving agent. This law is one of the twenty-four kohanic gifts and, of those twenty-four, as one of ten gifts given to the priest even outside the land of Israel. According to Abba Jose ben Hanan, the nuances of the ''herem'' laws (as well as laws of ''hekdesh'' and arakhin, and five other categories of laws) are considered "eight pillars of Torah law" that are "principles of Halakha". Etymology In Hebrew the adjective ''herem'' (Hebrew חֵרֶם) means "devoted thing" or "thing devoted to destruction". The term is used 29 times in the Masoretic Text of the Tanakh. An unrelated homonym, the noun ''herem'' meaning "fisherman's net" (also חֵרֶם), is used a further 9 times. The adjective ''herem'' and the associate verb ''haram'' ("devote") come from the Semiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
