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Tanzīh
''Tanzih'' () is an Islamic exaltation terminology meaning transcendence. In ordinary usage, it refers to the addressee being exempted from a certain fault or crime, while in Islamic theology, it means purifying the Creator from faults and limitations belonged to creatures. In Islamic theology, two opposite terms are attributed to God: ''tanzih'' and ''tashbih''. The second, 'affirming similarity', gives the absolute mental 'closeness', 'accessibility', 'comprehensibility'; for example, God is a powerful king sitting on his throne and a lord to be respected. The literal meaning of the word is "to declare something pure and free of something else". This definition affirms that Allah cannot be likened to anything: "Nothing is like Him." (Sura 42:11) and reinforces the fundamental, underlying Islamic belief in ''tawhid''. Islamic theology rejects extremism in tanzih and tashbih and advises that it should be moderate. Because going too far in tanzih means negating the attributes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tasbih
''Tasbih'' () is a form of ''dhikr'' that involves the glorification of God in Islam by saying: "''Subhan Allah''" (). It is often repeated a certain number of times, using either the fingers of the right hand or a '' misbaha'' to keep track of counting. Etymology The term ''tasbeeh'' is based on in the Arabic root of sīn- bāʾ-ḥāʾ (--). The meaning of the root word when written means to glorify. 'Tasbeeh' is an irregular derivation from ''subhan'', which is the first word of the constitutive sentence of the first third of the canonical form (see below) of tasbeeh. The word literally means, as a verb, "to travel swiftly" and, as a noun, "duties" or "occupation". However, in the devotional context, ''tasbih'' refers to ''Subhan Allah'', which is often used in the Qur'an with the preposition ''ʿan'' (), meaning "Allah is exalted polytheists.html" ;"title="ver what they (polytheists">ver what they (polytheists) attribute to Him (Al-Tawba: 31, Al-Zumar: 67 et al.). Witho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transcendence (religion)
In religion, transcendence is the aspect of existence that is completely independent of the material universe, beyond all known physical laws. This is related to the nature and power of deities as well as other spiritual or supernatural beings and forces. This is contrasted with immanence, where a god is said to be fully present in the physical world and thus accessible to creatures in various ways. In religious experience, transcendence is a state of being that has overcome the limitations of physical existence, and by some definitions, has also become independent of it. This is typically manifested in prayer, rituals, meditation, psychedelics and paranormal visions. It is affirmed in various religious traditions' concept of the divine, which contrasts with the notion of a god (or, the Absolute) that exists exclusively in the physical order ( immanentism), or is indistinguishable from it ( pantheism). Transcendence can be attributed in knowledge as well as or instead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers () is a Dutch international academic publisher of books, academic journals, and Bibliographic database, databases founded in 1683, making it one of the oldest publishing houses in the Netherlands. Founded in the South Holland city of Leiden, it maintains its headquarters there, while also operating offices in Boston, Paderborn, Vienna, Singapore, and Beijing. Since 1896, Brill has been a public limited company (). Brill is especially known for its work in subject areas such as Oriental studies, classics, religious studies, Jewish studies, Islamic studies, Asian studies, international law, and human rights. The publisher offers traditional print books, academic journals, primary source materials online, and publications on microform. In recent decades, Brill has expanded to Electronic publishing, digital publishing with ebooks and online resources including databases and specialty collections varying by discipline. History Founding by Luchtmans, 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalam
''Ilm al-kalam'' or ''ilm al-lahut'', often shortened to ''kalam'', is the scholastic, speculative, or rational study of Islamic theology ('' aqida''). It can also be defined as the science that studies the fundamental doctrines of Islamic faith ('' usul al-din''), proving their validity, or refuting doubts regarding them. Kalām was born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of Islam against the philosophical doubters, and to defend against heretical and religious innovations (''bidʿah''). A scholar of ''kalam'' is referred to as a ''mutakallim'' (plural ''mutakallimun''), a role distinguished from those of Islamic philosophers and jurists. After its first beginnings in the late Umayyad period, the Kalām experienced its rise in the early Abbasid period, when the Caliph al-Mahdi commissioned Mutakallimūn to write books against the followers of Iranian religions, and the Barmakid vizier Yahya ibn Khalid held Kalām discussions with members of various re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
God In Islam
In Islam, God (, contraction of , ) is seen as the Creator god, creator and God the Sustainer, sustainer of the universe, who God and eternity, lives eternally. God is conceived as a perfect, Tawhid, singular, immortal, omnipotent, and omniscient god, completely Infinity, infinite in all of Attributes of God in Islam, his attributes. Islam further emphasizes that God is most merciful. The Islamic concept of God is variously described as monotheistic, panentheistic, and monistic. In Schools of Islamic theology, Islamic theology, Anthropomorphism and corporealism in Islam, anthropomorphism () and corporealism () refer to beliefs in the human-like (anthropomorphic) and materially embedded (corporeal) form of God, an idea that has been classically described assimilating or comparing God to the creatures created by God. By contrast, belief in the Transcendence (religion), transcendence of God is called , which also rejects notions of incarnation and a personal god. is widely accep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tashbih
In Islamic theology, anthropomorphism (''tashbīh''; ) and corporealism (''tajsīm'') refer to beliefs in the human-like ( anthropomorphic) and materially embedded (corporeal) form of God, an idea that has been classically described assimilating or comparing God to the creatures created by God. An anthropormorphist is referred to as a ''mushabbih'' (pl. ''mushabbiha''), and a corporealist is referred to as a ''mujassim'' (pl. ''mujassima''). Questions of anthropomorphism and corporealism have historically been closely related to discussions of the attributes of God in Islam. By contrast, belief in the transcendence of God is called '' tanzih''. ''Tanzih'' is widely accepted in Islam today, though in the past, it stridently competed with alternative, including anthropomorphic, views, especially up to the year 950, and anthropomorphism briefly attained "orthodox" recognition around or after the Mihna. In premodern times, corporealist views were said to have been more socially promi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tawhid
''Tawhid'' () is the concept of monotheism in Islam, it is the religion's central and single most important concept upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. It unequivocally holds that God is indivisibly one (''ahad'') and single (''wahid''). Tawhid constitutes the foremost article of the Muslim profession of submission.D. Gimaret, ''Tawhid'', Encyclopedia of Islam. The first part of the Islamic declaration of faith ('' shahada'') is the declaration of belief in the oneness of God. To attribute divinity to anything or anyone else, is considered '' shirk'', which is an unpardonable sin unless repented afterwards, according to the Qur'an. Muslims believe that the entirety of the Islamic teaching rests on the principle of ''tawhid''.Tariq Ramadan (2005), p. 203. From an Islamic standpoint, there is an uncompromising nondualism at the heart of the Islamic beliefs ('' aqida'') that is seen as distinguishing Islam from other major religions. The Quran teaches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attributes Of God In Islam
In Islamic theology, the attributes (''ṣifāt'', also meaning "property" or "quality") of God can be defined in one of two ways. Under divine simplicity, the attributes of God in Islam, God are verbal descriptions understood Apophatic theology, apophatically (negatively). God being "powerful" does not impute a distinct quality of "power" to God's essence but is merely to say that God is not weak. This view was held by the Mu'tazilism, Mu'tazila and prominent Islamic philosophy, Islamic philosophers like Ibn Sina (Avicenna) to preserve the notion of God's oneness (''Tawhid, tawḥīd'') and reject any multiplicity within God. Under the now more widespread view, attributes represent Ontology, ontologically real and distinct properties or qualities that God has. The relationship between the attributes of God and God's essence or nature has been understood in different ways. At one end of the spectrum, the Jahmiyya rejected the existence of God's attributes at all to maintain their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Vision Of Islam
''The'' is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pronoun ''thee' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Terminology
The following list consists of notable concepts that are derived from Islamic and associated cultural (Arab, Persian, Turkish) traditions, which are expressed as words in Arabic or Persian language. The main purpose of this list is to disambiguate multiple spellings, to make note of spellings no longer in use for these concepts, to define the concept in one or two lines, to make it easy for one to find and pin down specific concepts, and to provide a guide to unique concepts of Islam all in one place. Separating concepts in Islam from concepts specific to Arab culture, or from the language itself, can be difficult. Many Arabic concepts have an Arabic secular meaning as well as an Islamic meaning. One example is the concept of dawah. Arabic, like all languages, contains words whose meanings differ across various contexts. Arabic is written in its own alphabet, with letters, symbols, and orthographic conventions that do not have exact equivalents in the Latin alphabet (see Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
