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Tanner (occupation)
Tanning may refer to: * Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather * Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin ** Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun ** Sunless tanning, application of a stain or dye to the skin (active ingredient in tanning lotion products is dihydroxyacetone (DHA)). *Physical punishment, metaphorically, such as a severe spanking which leaves clear marks See also *Skin whitening Skin whitening, also known as skin lightening and skin bleaching, is the practice of using chemical substances in an attempt to lighten the skin or provide an even skin color by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin. Several chemicals h ... * Tan (color) * Tan (other) * Tannery (other) * Tannin (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanning (leather)
Tanning, or hide tanning, is the process of treating Skinning, skins and Hide (skin), hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed. Historically, vegetable based tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound derived from the bark of certain trees, in the production of leather. An alternative method, developed in the 1800s, is chrome tanning, where chromium salts are used instead of natural tannins. History Tanning hide into leather involves a process which permanently alters the protein structure of skin, making it more durable and less susceptible to decomposition and coloring. The place where hides are processed is known as a ''tannery''. The English word for tanning is from the medieval Latin verb , from the noun (oak bark). This term may be derived from a Celtic word related to the Proto-Indo-European *' meaning 'fir tree'. (The same root is the source for Old High German meaning 'fir', related to modern German ''Tannenb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Tanning
Sun tanning or tanning is the process whereby skin color is darkened or tanned. It is most often a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or from artificial sources, such as a tanning lamp found in indoor tanning beds. People who deliberately tan their skin by exposure to the sun engage in a passive recreational activity of sun bathing. Some people use chemical products that can produce a tanning effect without exposure to ultraviolet radiation, known as sunless tanning. Impact on skin health Moderate exposure Moderate exposure to direct sunlight contributes to the production of melanin and vitamin D by the body. Excessive exposure Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays has negative health effects, including sunburn. Some people tan or sunburn more easily than others. This may be the result of different skin types and natural skin color, and these may be a result of genetics. The term "tanning" has a cultural origin, arising from the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indoor Tanning
Indoor tanning involves using a device that emits ultraviolet radiation to produce a cosmetic tan. Typically found in tanning salons, gyms, spas, hotels, and sporting facilities, and less often in private residences, the most common device is a horizontal tanning bed, also known as a sunbed or solarium. Vertical devices are known as tanning booths or stand-up sunbeds. First introduced in the 1960s, indoor tanning became popular with people in the Western world, particularly in Scandinavia, in the late 1970s. The practice finds a cultural parallel in skin whitening in Asian countries, and both support multibillion-dollar industries. Most indoor tanners are women, 16–25 years old, who want to improve their appearance or mood, acquire a pre-holiday tan, or treat a skin condition.Hay and Lipsky (2012), 181–184. Once the connection between indoor tanning and skin cancer was confirmed, the number and use of indoor tanning facilities have declined, and many countries have either ban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunless Tanning
Sunless tanning refers to the effect of a sun tanning, suntan without exposure to the Sun. Sunless tanning involves the use of #Oral agents, oral agents (carotenids), or creams, lotions or sprays applied to the skin. Skin-applied products may be #Skin-reactive agents, skin-reactive agents or #Bronzers, temporary bronzers (colorants). Sunless tanning has emerged as an alternative to UV exposure (from sunlight or indoor tanning), which has been linked to increased risk of skin cancer. The chemical compound dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is used in sunless tanning products in concentrations of 3%-5%. DHA concentration is adjusted to provide darker and lighter shades of tan. The reaction of keratin protein present in skin and DHA is responsible for the production of pigmentation. Oral agents (carotenoids) A safe and effective method of sunless tanning is consumption of certain carotenoids—antioxidants found in some fruits and vegetables such as carrots and tomatoes—which can result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physical Punishment
A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person. When it is inflicted on minors, especially in home and school settings, its methods may include spanking or paddling. When it is inflicted on adults, it may be inflicted on prisoners and slaves, and can involve methods such as whipping with a belt or a horsewhip. Physical punishments for crimes or injuries, including floggings, brandings and even mutilations, were practised in most civilizations since ancient times. They have increasingly been viewed as inhumane since the development of humanitarianism ideals after the Enlightenment, especially in the Western world. By the late 20th century, corporal punishment was eliminated from the legal systems of most developed countries. The legality of corporal punishment in various settings differs by jurisdiction. Internationally, the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries saw the application of hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skin Whitening
Skin whitening, also known as skin lightening and skin bleaching, is the practice of using chemical substances in an attempt to lighten the skin or provide an even skin color by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin. Several chemicals have been shown to be effective in skin whitening, while some have proven to be toxic or have questionable safety profiles. This includes mercury compounds which may cause neurological problems and kidney problems. In a number of African countries, between 25% and 80% of women regularly use skin whitening products. In Asia, this number is around 40%. In India, specifically, over half of the skin care products are sold to whiten skin. In Pakistan, where skin lightening products are popular, creams have been found to contain toxic levels of hydroquinone and mercury. Efforts to lighten the skin date back to at least the 16th century in Asia. While a number of agents — such as kojic acid and alpha hydroxy acid — are allowed in cosme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan (color)
Tan is a pale tone of brown. The name is derived from tannum (oak bark) used in the tanning of leather. The first recorded use of ''tan'' as a color name in English was in the year 1590. Colors which are similar or may be considered synonymous to tan include: tawny, tenné, and fulvous. __TOC__ Variations of tan Sandy tan Displayed at right is the color ''Sandy tan''. This color was formulated by Crayola in 2000 as a Crayola marker color. Tan (Crayola) Displayed at right is the orangish tone of tan called ''tan'' since 1958 in Crayola crayons and 1990 in Crayola markers. Windsor tan Displayed at right is the color ''Windsor tan''. The first recorded use of ''Windsor tan'' as a color name in English was in 1925. Tuscan tan Displayed at right is the color ''Tuscan tan''. The first recorded use of ''Tuscan tan'' as a color name in English was in 1926. The normalized color coordinates for Tuscan tan are identical to café au lait and French beige, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan (other)
Tan or TAN may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Tan'', an album by the Polish rock band Kult * TAN (group), South Korean boy band * ''Tan'' (newspaper), a newspaper in Turkey * ''Tan'' (weekly newspaper), a newspaper in Kosovo Businesses and organisations * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aéreos Nacionales or TAN Airlines, an airline based in Honduras * Semitan or TAN, operates public transport in Nantes, France People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet dancer * Tan France (born 1983), British-American fashion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tannery (other)
A tannery is a facility where the tanning process is applied to hide to produce leather. Tannery may also refer to: Places * Tannery Road, a road in the Bangalore Cantonment, India * The Tannery, Ontario, a community in the town of Mississippi Mills * Tannery, West Virginia, an unincorporated community, United States of America * Tannery Brook, a tributary of the Mohawk River in North Western, New York, United States of America * Tannery River, a river in North Attleboro and Attleboro, Massachusetts, United States of America * The Tannery (Bethlehem, Pennsylvania), a historic building in Pennsylvania, United States of America * Tannery Falls, Michigan, United States of America People * Jules Tannery (1848–1910), French mathematician * Paul Tannery (1843–1904), French mathematician and historian of mathematics Other uses * ''The Tannery'', a 2009 crime novel by Sherrie Hewson * The Tannery (New Zealand), a boutique mall in Christchurch Christchurch (; ) is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
