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Step Change
The step response of a system in a given initial state consists of the time evolution of its outputs when its control inputs are Heaviside step functions. In electronic engineering and control theory, step response is the time behaviour of the outputs of a general system when its inputs change from zero to one in a very short time. The concept can be extended to the abstract mathematical notion of a dynamical system using an evolution parameter. From a practical standpoint, knowing how the system responds to a sudden input is important because large and possibly fast deviations from the long term steady state may have extreme effects on the component itself and on other portions of the overall system dependent on this component. In addition, the overall system cannot act until the component's output settles down to some vicinity of its final state, delaying the overall system response. Formally, knowing the step response of a dynamical system gives information on the stability of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Accuracy Settling Time Measurements Figure 1
High may refer to: Science and technology * Height * High (atmospheric), a high-pressure area * High (computability), a quality of a Turing degree, in computability theory * High (tectonics), in geology an area where relative tectonic uplift took or takes place * Substance intoxication, also known by the slang description "being high" * Sugar high, a misconception about the supposed psychological effects of sucrose Music Performers * High (musical group), a 1974–1990 Indian rock group * The High, an English rock band formed in 1989 Albums * High (The Blue Nile album), ''High'' (The Blue Nile album) or the title song, 2004 * High (Flotsam and Jetsam album), ''High'' (Flotsam and Jetsam album), 1997 * High (New Model Army album), ''High'' (New Model Army album) or the title song, 2007 * High (Royal Headache album), ''High'' (Royal Headache album) or the title song, 2015 * High (Keith Urban album), ''High'' (Keith Urban album), 2024 * High (EP), ''High'' (EP), by Jarryd James, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time-variant System
A time-variant system is a system whose output response depends on moment of observation as well as moment of input signal application. In other words, a time delay or time advance of input not only shifts the output signal in time but also changes other parameters and behavior. Time variant systems respond differently to the same input at different times. The opposite is true for time invariant systems (TIV). Overview There are many well developed techniques for dealing with the response of linear time invariant systems, such as Laplace and Fourier transforms. However, these techniques are not strictly valid for time-varying systems. A system undergoing slow time variation in comparison to its time constants can usually be considered to be time invariant: they are close to time invariant on a small scale. An example of this is the aging and wear of electronic components, which happens on a scale of years, and thus does not result in any behaviour qualitatively different from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterworth Filter
The Butterworth filter is a type of signal processing filter designed to have a frequency response that is as flat as possible in the passband. It is also referred to as a maximally flat magnitude filter. It was first described in 1930 by the British engineer and physicist Stephen Butterworth in his paper entitled "On the Theory of Filter Amplifiers". Original paper Butterworth had a reputation for solving very complex mathematical problems thought to be 'impossible'. At the time, filter design required a considerable amount of designer experience due to limitations of the theory then in use. The filter was not in common use for over 30 years after its publication. Butterworth stated that: Such an ideal filter cannot be achieved, but Butterworth showed that successively closer approximations were obtained with increasing numbers of filter elements of the right values. At the time, filters generated substantial ripple in the passband, and the choice of component values was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overshoot Control
Overshoot may refer to: * ''Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change'', a 1980 book by William R. Catton, Jr. * Ecological overshoot, when the demands made on a natural ecosystem exceed its regenerative capacity * Overshoot (population), when a population exceeds the environment's carrying capacity * Overshoot (signal), when a signal exceeds its steady state value * Overshoot (microwave communication), the unintended reception of microwave signals * Overshoot (migration), when migratory birds end up further than intended * Overshoot (typography), the degree to which a letter dips below the baseline, or exceeds the cap height * Overshoot (aviation) Basic fighter maneuvers (BFM) are Military tactics, tactical movements performed by fighter aircraft during air combat maneuvering (ACM, also called dogfighting), to gain a positional advantage over the opponent. BFM combines the fundamentals o ..., a key concept in basic fighter maneuvers (BFM) * Overshoot (epidemio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Step Response For Two-pole Feedback Amplifier
Step(s) or STEP may refer to: Common meanings * Steps, making a staircase * Walking * Dance move * Military step, or march ** Marching Arts Films and television * ''Steps'' (TV series), Hong Kong * ''Step'' (film), US, 2017 Literature * ''Steps'' (novel), by Jerzy Kosinski * Systematic Training for Effective Parenting, a book series Music * Step (music), pitch change * Steps (pop group), UK * ''Step'' (Kara album), 2011, South Korea ** "Step" (Kara song) * ''Step'' (Meg album), 2007, Japan * "Step" (Vampire Weekend song) * "Step" (ClariS song) Organizations * STEP (company), Belgium * Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners, international professional body for advisers who specialise in inheritance and succession planning * Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy of the U.S. National Academies * Solving the E-waste Problem, a UN organization Science, technology, and mathematics * Step (software), a physics simulator in KDE * Step function, in mathemat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laplace Transform
In mathematics, the Laplace transform, named after Pierre-Simon Laplace (), is an integral transform that converts a Function (mathematics), function of a Real number, real Variable (mathematics), variable (usually t, in the ''time domain'') to a function of a Complex number, complex variable s (in the complex-valued frequency domain, also known as ''s''-domain, or ''s''-plane). The transform is useful for converting derivative, differentiation and integral, integration in the time domain into much easier multiplication and Division (mathematics), division in the Laplace domain (analogous to how logarithms are useful for simplifying multiplication and division into addition and subtraction). This gives the transform many applications in science and engineering, mostly as a tool for solving linear differential equations and dynamical systems by simplifying ordinary differential equations and integral equations into algebraic equation, algebraic polynomial equations, and by simplifyin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conjugate Poles In S-plane
Conjugation or conjugate may refer to: Linguistics *Grammatical conjugation, the modification of a verb from its basic form *Emotive conjugation or Russell's conjugation, the use of loaded language Mathematics *Complex conjugation, the change of sign of the imaginary part of a complex number *Conjugate (square roots), the change of sign of a square root in an expression *Conjugate element (field theory), a generalization of the preceding conjugations to roots of a polynomial of any degree *Conjugate transpose, the complex conjugate of the transpose of a matrix * Harmonic conjugate in complex analysis * Conjugate (graph theory), an alternative term for a line graph, i.e. a graph representing the edge adjacencies of another graph *In group theory, various notions are called conjugation: **Inner automorphism, a type of conjugation homomorphism **Conjugacy class in group theory, related to matrix similarity in linear algebra **Conjugation (group theory), the image of an element und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time Constant
In physics and engineering, the time constant, usually denoted by the Greek language, Greek letter (tau), is the parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first-order, LTI system theory, linear time-invariant (LTI) system.Concretely, a first-order LTI system is a system that can be modeled by a single Ordinary differential equation, first order differential equation in time. Examples include the simplest single-stage electrical RC circuit#Series circuit, RC circuits and RL circuit#Series circuit, RL circuits. The time constant is the main characteristic unit of a first-order LTI system. It gives speed of the response. In the time domain, the usual choice to explore the time response is through the step response to a Heaviside step function, step input, or the impulse response to a Dirac delta function input. In the frequency domain (for example, looking at the Fourier transform of the step response, or using an input that is a simple sinusoidal function of time) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negative Feedback Amplifier
A negative-feedback amplifier (or feedback amplifier) is an electronic amplifier that subtracts a fraction of its output from its input, so that negative feedback opposes the original signal. The applied negative feedback can improve its performance (gain stability, linearity, frequency response, step response) and reduces sensitivity to parameter variations due to manufacturing or environment. Because of these advantages, many amplifiers and control systems use negative feedback. An idealized negative-feedback amplifier as shown in the diagram is a system of three elements (see Figure 1): * an ''amplifier'' with gain ''A''OL, * a ''feedback network'' ''β'', which senses the output signal and possibly transforms it in some way (for example by attenuating or filtering it), * a summing circuit that acts as a ''subtractor'' (the circle in the figure), which combines the input and the transformed output. Overview Fundamentally, all electronic devices that provide power ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Block Diagram For Feedback
Block or blocked may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Broadcasting * Block programming, the result of a programming strategy in broadcasting * W242BX, a radio station licensed to Greenville, South Carolina, United States known as ''96.3 the Block '' * WFNZ-FM, a radio station licensed to Harrisburg, North Carolina, United States, branded as ''92.7 The Block'' * "Blocked", an episode of the television series ''The Flash (2014 TV series), The Flash'' Music * Block Entertainment, a record label * Blocks Recording Club, a record label * Woodblock (instrument), a small piece of slit drum made from one piece of wood and used as a percussion instrument * "Blocks", by C418 from ''Music of Minecraft#Minecraft – Volume Beta, Minecraft – Volume Beta'', 2013 Toys * Toy block, one of a set of wooden or plastic pieces, of various shapes * Unit block, a type of standardized wooden toy block for children Video games * Blocked (video game), a puzzle game for the iPhone and iPod Touc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linear
In mathematics, the term ''linear'' is used in two distinct senses for two different properties: * linearity of a '' function'' (or '' mapping''); * linearity of a '' polynomial''. An example of a linear function is the function defined by f(x)=(ax,bx) that maps the real line to a line in the Euclidean plane R2 that passes through the origin. An example of a linear polynomial in the variables X, Y and Z is aX+bY+cZ+d. Linearity of a mapping is closely related to '' proportionality''. Examples in physics include the linear relationship of voltage and current in an electrical conductor ( Ohm's law), and the relationship of mass and weight. By contrast, more complicated relationships, such as between velocity and kinetic energy, are '' nonlinear''. Generalized for functions in more than one dimension, linearity means the property of a function of being compatible with addition and scaling, also known as the superposition principle. Linearity of a polynomial means that its de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ringing (signal)
In electronics, signal processing, and video, ringing is oscillation of a signal, particularly in the step response (the response to a sudden change in input). Often ringing is undesirable, but not always, as in the case of resonant inductive coupling. It is also known as hunting. It is also known as ripple, particularly in electricity or in frequency domain response. Electrical circuits In electrical circuits, ringing is an oscillation of a voltage or current. Ringing can be undesirable because it causes extra current to flow, thereby wasting energy and causing extra heating of the components; it can cause unwanted electromagnetic radiation to be emitted; it can increase settling time for the desired final state; and it may cause unwanted triggering of bistable elements in digital circuits. Ringy communications circuits may suffer falsing. Two electrical sources of this ringing are: # A resonant transient response due to undesired parasitic capacitances and inductanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
