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Minimalist Shoes
Minimalist shoes are shoes intended to closely approximate barefoot running or walking conditions in comparison to traditional shoes. Minimalist shoes are defined as providing "minimal interference with the natural movement of the foot, because of its high flexibility, low heel to toe drop, weight and stack height, and the absence of motion control and stability devices." Minimalist shoes provide more sensory contact for the foot on the ground while simultaneously providing the feet with some protection from ground hazards and conditions (such as pebbles and dirt). Research shows that wearing a minimalist shoe can help improve running economy, foot strength and arch function. Types A 2018 paper defines "minimalist footwear as a shoe with a highly flexible sole and upper that weighs 200g or less, has a heel stack height of 20mm or less and a heel-toe differential of 7mm or less." Generally, there are two types of minimalist shoes: * ''Barefoot Running Shoes'' are characterized b ...
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Champion (sportswear)
Champion (also stylized as Champion U.S.A.) is a brand of clothing, specializing in sportswear owned and marketed by American apparel company Hanesbrands (based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina), which was spun off by the Sara Lee Corporation in 2006. The company was originally based in Rochester, New York, prior to its acquisition by Sara Lee in 1989. Champion is Hanes' second-largest brand. Products manufactured and commercialised by Champion include casual wear clothing (t-shirts, hoodies, sweatpants, leggings, shorts, jackets, undergarment), footwear (sandals, sneakers, socks), and accessories ( bags, hats, collectibles). History The company was established in 1919 by the Feinbloom Brothers as "Knickerbocker Knitting Company." The company soon signed an agreement with the Michigan Wolverines to produce uniforms for their teams. In the 1930s the company was renamed "Champion Knitting Mills Inc.", producing sweatshirts and hoodies. Soon after, Champion products was adopt ...
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Sports Footwear
Sport pertains to any form of competitive physical activity or game that aims to use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants and, in some cases, entertainment to spectators. Sports can, through casual or organized participation, improve participants' physical health. Hundreds of sports exist, from those between single contestants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals. In certain sports such as racing, many contestants may compete, simultaneously or consecutively, with one winner; in others, the contest (a ''match'') is between two sides, each attempting to exceed the other. Some sports allow a "tie" or "draw", in which there is no single winner; others provide tie-breaking methods to ensure one winner and one loser. A number of contests may be arranged in a tournament producing a champion. Many sports leagues make an annual champion by arranging games in a r ...
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Athletic Shoes
Sneakers (also called trainers, athletic shoes, tennis shoes, gym shoes, kicks, sport shoes, flats, running shoes, or runners) are shoes primarily designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, but which are now also widely used for everyday casual wear. Since their popularization by companies such as Converse, Nike and Spalding in the mid 20th century, they have become attire, with variety growing in many global markets exponentially. Like other parts of the global clothing industry, manufacture of shoes is heavily concentrated in Asia with nine in ten shoes produced in that region. Contemporary sneakers are largely made from synthetic materials, and the materials and manufacturing process produce, on average, about of CO2 emissions. Some companies are trying to substitute more sustainable materials in their manufacture. About 90% of shoes end up in landfills at end of life. Names and etymology The shoes have gone by a variety of names, depending on geograph ...
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Xero Shoes
Xero Shoes is a brand of lightweight minimalist footwear manufactured by Feel the World Inc. Designed for walking, running, and sports athletics. The shoes has thin and very flexible soles contoured and designated to the shape of the human foot. Xero Shoes was featured on ABC's Shark Tank and gained success after the show's appearance. History Xero Shoes was founded by Steven Sashen, a Master All-American sprinter and former gymnast. After two years of injury-prone competition, he joined a local barefoot running club in Boulder, CO at the suggestion of a friend who gave him a copy of ''Born To Run'' by Christopher McDougall. As a result of running barefoot, Sashen claimed that his gait improved and his injuries abated. There is a mix of research regarding the underlying mechanics that could drive such improvements. Many of which are summarized in a study by Fuller Et. Al. (2015), where they analyze the long-term effect of minimalist shoes on running performance and injury. Th ...
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Vivobarefoot
Vivobarefoot is a minimalist running shoe company. Their technology, invented by Tim Brennan and developed by British shoe company Terra Plana, is aimed at offering the optimum biomechanics and posture commonly associated with walking barefoot and barefoot running, and advocated within the barefoot movement and barefoot running community. Their marketing describes the walking experience as "as close to going barefoot in the city as you can get." The most prominent shoe using this technology is their Evo running shoe. See also * Barefoot running * Minimalist shoe * Vibram FiveFingers * Xero Shoes References External links * Wiggling Their Toes at the Shoe Giants The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ..., 30 August 2008 Vivobarefoot FinlandVivobarefoot ...
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Huarache (running Shoe)
Huaraches are an open type of outdoor footwear, consisting of a sole held to the wearer's foot by straps passing over the instep and around the ankle. The common understanding is that these sandals were a variant of traditional Mexican huaraches, the difference being in design and construction. These sandals are favoured by minimalist runners for several reasons. They force the foot and the runner to run with a natural gait. They also help protect the foot from glass, gravel, and other debris. In Christopher McDougall's book ''Born to Run'' the author describes the Rarámuri of the Mexican Copper Canyons teaching a fellow runner how to build huaraches. Design The primary design difference from traditional huaraches is in the straps that cover the front of the foot. In the traditional sandals, the straps are woven in an intricate design. In the variant used for running, the straps are much simpler and less ornate. Construction Huaraches were originally made from leather, ...
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Metatarsophalangeal Joint
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP joints), also informally known as toe knuckles, are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes. They are condyloid joints, meaning that an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) comes close to a shallow cavity (of the proximal phalanges). The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral. Movements The movements permitted in the metatarsophalangeal joints are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction. File:The feet of C. H. Unthan, the armless fiddler Wellcome L0034227.jpg, Left: toes adducted (pulled towards the center) and spread (abducted); right, both feet clenched (plantar flexed) File:Footgym rings1.jpg, The upper foot is clenching (plantarflexing) at the MTP joints and at the joints of the toes; the central foot is lifting the toes (dorsiflexing) at the MTP joints; and the foot flat on the ground off to the side is in a neutral position ...
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Achilles Tendon
The Achilles tendon or heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint, and (except the soleus) flexion at the knee. Abnormalities of the Achilles tendon include inflammation ( Achilles tendinitis), degeneration, rupture, and becoming embedded with cholesterol deposits (xanthomas). The Achilles tendon was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles. History The oldest-known written record of the tendon being named for Achilles is in 1693 by the Flemish/Dutch anatomist Philip Verheyen. In his widely used text he described the tendon's location and said that it was commonly called "the cord of Achilles." The tendon has been described as early as the time of Hippocrates, who described it as the "" (Latin f ...
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Nike Free
Nike Free is a minimalist running shoe. It was introduced in 2005 after Nike representatives observed Nike sponsored track athletes training barefoot. Overview The numbering system indicates the cushioning of the shoe and follows a scale ranging from 0 (barefoot) to 10 (normal running shoe). Free 3.0 is the least and Free 7.0 (discontinued) is the most cushioned model so far. Nike started the Free series with the Free 5.0 in 2005 and in 2006 released a new version of the shoe, the Nike Free 5.0 V2, that addressed some durability issues. Also, the heel and sidewalls of the shoe were redesigned to prevent tearing. Since then, the Nike Free 5.0 V3 (2007), Free 5.0 V4 (2009), and Free 5.0 V5 (2013) have been released along with other models, such as the Free 3.0 V1–V5 and the Free 7.0 V1 and V2. In 2016, Nike retired the numbering system in favor of the RN designation. In 2019, Nike brought back the numbering system in the new Nike Free RN 5.0 and the Free RN 3.0. In 2019 the nam ...
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Barefoot Running
Barefoot running, also called "natural running", is the act of running without footwear. With the advent of modern footwear, running barefoot has become less common in most parts of the world but is still practiced in parts of Africa and Latin America. In some Western countries, barefoot running has grown in popularity due to perceived health benefits. Scientific research into the practice of running barefoot has not reached a clear consensus regarding its risks or its benefits. While footwear might provide protection from cuts, bruises, impact and weather, proponents argue that running barefoot reduces the risk of chronic injuries (notably repetitive stress injuries) caused by heel striking in padded running shoes. The barefoot movement has prompted some manufacturers to introduce thin-soled and flexible shoes such as traditional moccasins and huaraches for minimalist running. History Throughout most of human history, running was performed while barefoot or in thin-soled s ...
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Xero Shoes
Xero Shoes is a brand of lightweight minimalist footwear manufactured by Feel the World Inc. Designed for walking, running, and sports athletics. The shoes has thin and very flexible soles contoured and designated to the shape of the human foot. Xero Shoes was featured on ABC's Shark Tank and gained success after the show's appearance. History Xero Shoes was founded by Steven Sashen, a Master All-American sprinter and former gymnast. After two years of injury-prone competition, he joined a local barefoot running club in Boulder, CO at the suggestion of a friend who gave him a copy of ''Born To Run'' by Christopher McDougall. As a result of running barefoot, Sashen claimed that his gait improved and his injuries abated. There is a mix of research regarding the underlying mechanics that could drive such improvements. Many of which are summarized in a study by Fuller Et. Al. (2015), where they analyze the long-term effect of minimalist shoes on running performance and injury. Th ...
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