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Iron Pipe Size
Iron Pipe Size (IPS or I.P.S.) pipe sizing system based on the inside diameter (ID) of pipe. It was widely used from the early 19th century to the mid 20th century and is still in use by some industries, including major PVC pipe manufacturers, as well as for some legacy drawings and equipment. The iron pipe size standard came into being early in the 19th century and remained in effect until after World War II. The IPS system was primarily used in the United States and the United Kingdom. In the 1920s, the Copper Tube Size (CTS) standard was combined with the IPS standard. During the IPS period, pipes were cast in halves and welded together, and pipe sizes referred to the ''inside'' diameters. The inside diameters under IPS were roughly the same as the more modern Ductile Iron Pipe Standard (DIPS) and Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) Standards, and some of the wall thicknesses were also retained with a different designator. In 1948, the DIPS came into effect, when greater control of a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PVC Pipe
Plastic pipe is a tubular section, or hollow cylinder, made of plastic. It is usually, but not necessarily, of circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow—liquids and gases (fluids), slurries, powders and masses of small solids. It can also be used for structural applications; hollow pipes are far stiffer per unit weight than solid members. Plastic pipework is used for the conveyance of drinking water, waste water, chemicals, heating fluid and cooling fluids, foodstuffs, ultra-pure liquids, slurries, gases, compressed air, irrigation, plastic pressure pipe systems, and vacuum system applications. Types There are three basic types of plastic pipes: Solid wall pipe Extruded pipes consisting of one layer of a homogeneous matrix of thermoplastic material which is ready for use in a pipeline. Structured wall pipe Structured-wall pipes and fittings are products which have an optimized design with regard to material usage to achieve the phys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Tubing
Copper tubing is most often used for heating systems and as a refrigerant line in HVAC systems. Copper tubing is slowly being replaced by PEX tubing in hot and cold water applications. There are two basic types of copper tubing, soft copper and rigid copper. Copper tubing is joined using flare connection, compression connection, pressed connection, or solder. Copper offers a high level of corrosion resistance but is becoming very costly. Types Soft copper Soft (or ductile) copper tubing can be bent easily to travel around obstacles in the path of the tubing. While the work hardening of the drawing process used to size the tubing makes the copper hard or rigid, it is carefully annealed to make it soft again; it is, therefore, more expensive to produce than non-annealed, rigid copper tubing. It can be joined by any of the three methods used for rigid copper, and it is the only type of copper tubing suitable for flare connections. Soft copper is the most popular choice for refriger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ductile Iron Pipe
Ductile iron pipe is pipe made of ductile cast iron commonly used for potable water transmission and distribution.Moser, A. P. and Folkman, Steven L. (2008) ''Buried Pipe Design'' (3rd edition) McGraw-Hill, New Yorkp. 336-337 This type of pipe is a direct development of earlier cast iron pipe, which it has superseded. The ductile iron used to manufacture the pipe is characterized by the spheroidal or nodular nature of the graphite within the iron. Typically, the pipe is manufactured using centrifugal casting in metal or resin lined moulds.Public Works April 15, 1995 Ductile iron mains; Water Supply and Treatment SECTION: Pg. pC34(4) Vol. V126 No. N5 Protective internal linings and external coatings are often applied to ductile iron pipes to inhibit corrosion: the standard internal lining is cement mortar and standard external coatings include bonded zinc, asphalt or water-based paint. In highly corrosive environments loose polyethylene sleeving (LPS) to encase the pipe may a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nominal Pipe Size
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. "Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a outside diameter). Specific pipe is identified by pipe diameter and another non-dimensional number for wall thickness referred to as the Schedule (Sched. or Sch., for example – "2-inch diameter pipe, Schedule 40"). NPS is often incorrectly called National Pipe Size, due to confusion with the American standard for pipe threads, " national pipe straight", which also abbreviates as "NPS". The European and international designation equivalent to NPS is ''DN'' (''diamètre nominal''/nominal diameter/Nennweite), in which sizes are measured in millimetres, see ISO 6708. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipe (fluid Conveyance)
A pipe is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily of circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow — liquids and gases ( fluids), slurries, powders and masses of small solids. It can also be used for structural applications; hollow pipe is far stiffer per unit weight than solid members. In common usage the words ''pipe'' and '' tube'' are usually interchangeable, but in industry and engineering, the terms are uniquely defined. Depending on the applicable standard to which it is manufactured, pipe is generally specified by a nominal diameter with a constant outside diameter (OD) and a schedule that defines the thickness. Tube is most often specified by the OD and wall thickness, but may be specified by any two of OD, inside diameter (ID), and wall thickness. Pipe is generally manufactured to one of several international and national industrial standards. While similar standards exist for specific industry app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Dimension Ratio
Standard dimension ratio (SDR) is a method of rating a pipe's durability against pressure Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country a .... The standard dimension ratio describes the correlation between the pipe dimension and the thickness of the pipe wall. Common nominations are SDR11, SDR17 and SDR35. Pipes with a lower SDR can withstand higher pressures. SDR=\frac d_o Pipe outside diameter s Pipe wall thickness References {{Reflist Piping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mechanical Standards
Mechanical may refer to: Machine * Machine (mechanical), a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement * Mechanical calculator, a device used to perform the basic operations of arithmetic * Mechanical energy, the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy * Mechanical system, a system that manages the power of forces and movements to accomplish a task * Mechanism (engineering), a portion of a mechanical device Other * Mechanical (character), one of several characters in Shakespeare's ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' * A kind of typeface in the VOX-ATypI classification See also * Machine, especially in opposition to an electronic item * '' Mechanical Animals'', the third full-length studio release by Marilyn Manson * Manufactured or artificial, especially in opposition to a biological or natural component * Automation, using machine decisions and processing instead of human * Mechanization, using machine labor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
