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Ironwood
Ironwood is a common name for many woods or plants that have a reputation for hardness, or specifically a wood density that is heavier than water (approximately 1000 kg/m3, or 62 pounds per cubic foot), although usage of the name ironwood in English may or may not indicate a tree that yields such heavy wood. Some of the species with their common name * '' Acacia aulacocarpa'' (Brush ironwood) * '' Acacia estrophiolata'' (Southern ironwood), central Australia * '' Acacia excelsa'' (Ironwood) * '' Acacia melanoxylon'' (Ironwood) * '' Acacia stenophylla'' (Ironwood), Australia * ''Aegiphila martinicensis'' (Ironwood) * ''Afzelia africana'' (Ironwood) * '' Androstachys johnsonii'' (Lebombo ironwood), southeastern Africa and Madagascar * '' Allagoptera caudescens'', '' Borassus flabellifer'', ''Caryota urens'', '' Iriartea deltoidea'' Black Palm, Palmira wood (Black ironwood) * '' Argania spinosa'' (Morocco ironwood, Thorny, Prickly ironwood) * '' Astronium fraxinifolium'', '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backhousia Bancroftii
''Backhousia'' is a genus of thirteen currently known species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. All the currently known species are endemic to Australia in the rainforests and seasonally dry forests of Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia. In 1845 in the European science publication the ''Botanical Magazine'' William Jackson Hooker and William Henry Harvey first published this genus's formal description and name, after botanist James Backhouse from England and Australia. They grow to aromatic shrubs or trees from tall, with leaves long and wide, arranged opposite to each other. Species Sourced from the authoritative ''Australian Plant Name Index'' and ''Australian Plant Census'' . For taxa including undescribed species further afield outside Australia, for example likely in New Guinea, this list lacks them—refer also to the genus ''Kania''. * '' Backhousia angustifolia'' , curry myrtle, narrow leaf myrtle * '' Backhousia bancroftii'' , Johnston ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Estrophiolata
''Acacia estrophiolata'', commonly known as ironwood, southern ironwood, desert ironwood or utjanypa, is a tree native to Central Australia. Description It is a graceful, pendulous shade tree, which grows from about tall and has a trunk with a diameter of up to about 0.45 m. It has a spreading crown that becomes weeping as the tree matures. Young plants have rigid branches and short straight phyllodes that appear in clusters as trees mature the branches become pendulous and the light green spiky phyllodes in crease in length but are no longer clustered. It has a heavy bloom of spherical pale yellow flowers after winter rains. The tree has a slow growth rate and is both drought and frost tolerant. Taxonomy The species was first formally described by botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1882 as part of the work ''Definitions of some new Australian plants'' as published in ''Southern Science Record''. It was reclassified as ''Racosperma estrophiolatum'' by Leslie Pedley in 1987 then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backhousia Subargentea
''Backhousia subargentea'' (syn. ''Choricarpia subargentea'') is a rare Australian rainforest tree, growing near Mullumbimby in north eastern New South Wales and from Boonah to Imbil in south eastern Queensland. Common names include giant ironwood, ironwood box, scrub ironwood and lancewood. The New South Wales habitat of ''Backhousia subargentea'' is dry rainforest thickets on hillsides near Mullumbimby. It grows in association with the shatterwood and wild quince. Description ''Backhousia subargentea'' is a small tree to medium tree, occasionally reaching 30 metres in height. However, it is much smaller in New South Wales, reaching only 8 metres high and with a stem diameter of 20 cm. The trunk is often multi-stemmed and crooked, not cylindrical in cross section with some buttressing at the base. The trunk can be smooth and glossy, of an attractive orange/brown or pinkish/mauve colour, or green where bark has recently been shed. Other times, the bark sheds irreg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casuarinaceae
The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to eastern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacific Islands. At one time, all species were placed in the genus '' Casuarina''. Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson separated out many of those species and renamed them into the new genera of '' Gymnostoma'' in 1980 and 1982, ''Allocasuarina'' in 1982, and '' Ceuthostoma'' in 1988, with some additional formal descriptions of new species in each other genus. At the time, it was somewhat controversial. The monophyly of these genera was later supported in a 2003 genetics study of the family. In the Wettstein system, this family was the only one placed in the order Verticillatae. Likewise, in the Engler, Cronquist, and Kubitzki systems, the Casuarinaceae were the only family placed in the order Casuarinales. Members of this family are characteri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Androstachys Johnsonii
''Androstachys johnsonii'', the Lebombo ironwood, is a medium-sized Afrotropical tree species, and the sole member of the genus ''Androstachys'' in the Picrodendraceae. It is slow-growing, evergreen to deciduous, and dioecious, with flowers that are wind-pollinated. It is native to southeastern Africa and Madagascar, where it generally occurs gregariously on rocky hillsides, particularly in hot and dry situations. It produces a hard, durable wood which is of economic interest. Its specific name commemorates W. H. Johnson, a 19th-century Director of Agriculture in Mozambique. Four related species which are native to Madagascar, are usually placed in genus ''Stachyandra''. Uses Its timber is of economical interest. The wood is extremely hard and durable. It is widely exploited in southern Mozambique, where it is known as ''simbirre''. Here it is used for flooring, for which it is well-suited, and is commonly traded for pillars of huts and fences. South African tourist operators in M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic materiala natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs. In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by themselves. It also conveys water and nutrients between the leaves, other growing tissues, and the roots. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or woodchips or fiber. Wood has been used for thousands of years for fuel, as a construction material, for making tools and weapons, furniture and paper. More recently it emerged as a feedstock for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allocasuarina Luehmannii
''Allocasuarina luehmannii'' (buloke or bull-oak) is a species of ironwood tree native to Australia and its wood is the hardest commercially available as measured by the Janka Hardness Scale. Description The evergreen tree typically grows to a height of and usually produces a clear trunk. It is moderately to long-lived, usually over 15 years with a moderate growth rate. It is dioecious with male and female flowers on separate plants, which flowers in spring. It is cited as having the hardest wood in the world, with a Janka hardness of 22,500 N (5,060 lbf). HoweverThe Wood Databasegives it a Janka hardness of only 16,600 N (3,760 lbf):"Australian buloke is commonly reported as the hardest wood in the world. This is based upon a single data source and may not give the best representation of all testing and data available. Consequently, with as many data points taken into consideration as possible, Australian buloke ranks at #21 overall on the poster World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpinus Caroliniana
''Carpinus caroliniana'', the American hornbeam, is a small hardwood tree in the genus ''Carpinus''. American hornbeam is also known as blue-beech, ironwood, musclewood and muscle beech. It is native to eastern North America, from Minnesota and southern Ontario east to Maine, and south to eastern Texas and northern Florida. It also grows in Canada (southwest Quebec and southeast Ontario). It occurs naturally in shaded areas with moist soil, particularly near the banks of streams or rivers, and is often a natural constituent understory species of the riverine and maritime forests of eastern temperate North America. Description American hornbeam is a small tree reaching heights of , rarely , and often has a fluted and crooked trunk. The bark is smooth and greenish-grey, becoming shallowly fissured in all old trees. The leaves are alternate, long, with prominent veins giving a distinctive corrugated texture, and a serrated margin. The male and female catkins appear in spring at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backhousia Citriodora
''Backhousia citriodora'' (common names lemon myrtle, lemon scented myrtle, lemon scented ironwood) is a flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, genus ''Backhousia''. It is endemic to subtropical rainforests of central and south-eastern Queensland, Australia, with a natural distribution from Mackay to Brisbane. Other common names are sweet verbena tree, sweet verbena myrtle, (lemon scented verbena is another species), and lemon scented backhousia. Growth It can reach in height, but is often smaller. The leaf, leaves are evergreen, opposite, lanceolate, long and broad, glossy green, with an entire margin. The flowers are creamy-white, in diameter, produced in clusters at the ends of the branches from summer through to autumn, after petal fall the calyx is persistent. Etymology Lemon myrtle was given the botanical name ''Backhousia citriodora'' in 1853 after the English botanist, James Backhouse. The common name reflects the strong lemon smell of the crushed leaves. "Lemon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casuarina Equisetifolia
''Casuarina equisetifolia'', common names ''Coastal She-oak'' or ''Horsetail She-oak'' (sometimes referred to as the Australian pine tree or whistling pine tree outside Australia), is a Casuarinaceae, she-oak species of the genus ''Casuarina''. The native range extends throughout Southeast Asia, Northern Australia and the Pacific Islands; including Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, East Timor, and the Philippines (where it is known as agoho pine), east to Papua New Guinea, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu, and south to Australia (north of Northern Territory, north and east Queensland, and north-eastern New South Wales). Populations are also found in Madagascar, but it is doubtful if this is within the native range of the species. The species has been introduced to the Southern United States and West Africa. It is an invasive species in Florida, South Africa, India and Brazil. Taxonomy ''Casuarina equisetifolia'' was officially d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Excelsa
''Acacia excelsa'', also known as ironwood, rosewood, bunkerman and doodlallie is a tree of the genus ''Acacia'' and the subgenus ''Plurinerves'' that is endemic to inland parts of north-eastern Australia. In the Gamilaraay language it is known as dhan, gayan or gan. Description The shrub or tree typically grows to a height of can grow to a height of around and usually has a weeping or erect to spreading habit. It has hard, fissured and deep grey coloured bark and glabrous branchlets. The wood of the tree has a scent similar to cut violets. Like most species of ''Acacia'' it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The glabrous, evergreen phyllodes are straight or slightly curved and have a narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong shape. The phyllodes are usually in length but can be as long as and wide with three to seven prominent longitudinal veins. It blooms between March and June in its natural range producing simple inflorescences that occur in groups of one to four usually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allagoptera Caudescens
''Allagoptera caudescens'' is a species of flowering plant in the palm family endemic to Brazil, where it is known as buri palm.Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) ''Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore''. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press. / The older name ''Polyandrococos'' combines the Greek words for "many" and "anther" with the name of another palm genus '' Cocos'', and the epithet is Latin for "bearlike", referring to the hairy tomentum.Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) ''An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms''. Portland: Timber Press. / It was formerly classified as ''Polyandrococos caudescens'', the only species in the genus ''Polyandrococos''. Description The trunks are rough and solitary natured, and reach over 10 m at 20 cm wide, usually covered in old leaf bases. The sheath is tubular, splitting adaxially, striate, and covered in white and brown tomentum. The petiole is short, deeply channeled, flattened b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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