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History Of São Tomé And Príncipe
The islands of São Tomé and Príncipe were uninhabited at the time of the arrival of the Portugal, Portuguese sometime between 1469 and 1471. After the islands were discovered by the explorers João de Santarém and Pêro Escobar, Portuguese navigators explored the islands and decided they would be a good location for bases to trade with the mainland. History of Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe The first successful settlement of São Tomé was established in 1493 by Alvaro Caminha, Álvaro Caminha, who received the land as a grant from the crown. Príncipe was settled in 1500 under a similar arrangement. Attracting settlers proved difficult, however, and most of the earliest inhabitants were "undesirables" sent from Portugal, mostly History of the Jews in Portugal, forcibly deported Jews. In time, these settlers found the excellent volcanic soil of the region suitable for agriculture, especially the growing of sugar. The cultivation of sugar was a labor-intensive process, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Vingboons - 't Eylant St
Johannes is a Medieval Latin form of the personal name that usually appears as "John (name), John" in English language contexts. It is a variant of the Greek and Classical Latin variants (Ιωάννης, ''Ioannes (given name), Ioannes''), itself derived from the Hebrew name ''Johanan (name), Yehochanan'', meaning "YHWH is gracious". The name became popular in Northern Europe, especially in Germany because of Christianity. Common German variants for Johannes are ''Johann'', ''Hannes'', ''Hans (name), Hans'' (diminutized to ''Hänschen'' or ''Hänsel'', as known from "''Hansel and Gretel''", a fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, Grimm brothers), ''Jens (given name), Jens'' (from Danish) and ''Jan (name), Jan'' (from Dutch, and found in many countries). In the Netherlands, Johannes was without interruption the most common masculine birth name until 1989. The English equivalent for Johannes is John (given name), John. In other languages *Joan, Jan, Gjon, Gjin and Gjovalin in Albanian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Pinto Da Costa
Manuel Pinto da Costa (born 5 August 1937) is a São Tomé and Príncipe, Santomean economist and politician who served as the first president of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1975 to 1991. He again served as president from 2011 to 2016. Life and career Educated in East Germany, he is fluent in Portuguese language, Portuguese and German language, German. Until the early 1990s the MLSTP maintained extensive relations with Angola and the MPLA, with Pinto da Costa himself having enjoyed a friendly relationship with José Eduardo dos Santos, the President of Angola, extending back to when they were both young men. In 1991, the Democratization, legalisation of opposition political parties led to the country's first 1991 São Tomé and Príncipe presidential election, election under a democratic system. Pinto da Costa did not contest the election and instead announced he would retire from politics. The MLSTP did not present an alternative candidate and Miguel Trovoada was elected uno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evaristo Carvalho
Evaristo do Espírito Santo Carvalho (22 October 1941 – 28 May 2022) was a São Toméan politician who served as the fourth president of São Tomé and Príncipe from 2016 to 2021. He was previously the prime minister of the country on two occasions. Political career Carvalho was the Minister of National Defence from 1992 to 1994. He was prime minister of São Tomé and Príncipe from 7 July 1994 to 25 October 1994 and again from 26 September 2001 to 28 March 2002. He was a member of the Independent Democratic Action (ADI) party. Carvalho contested the 2011 São Toméan presidential election, while he was the President of the National Assembly. He had been supported in his campaign by then current Prime Minister Patrice Trovoada. Carvalho finished second in the first round with 21.8 percent of the vote, behind former president, Manuel Pinto da Costa. Costa was victorious in the two person runoff election, with 52.9 percent of the vote. Carvalho subsequently became vice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilo Guimarães
Nilo de Oliveira Guimarães (born 30 September 1954) is a São Toméan businessman and politician. Running as an independent candidate in the 30 July 2006 presidential election A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public. Chile The p ..., he finished last out of three candidates, winning 0.59% of the vote. References 1954 births São Tomé and Príncipe politicians Living people São Tomé and Príncipe businesspeople {{SaoTomePrincipe-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrice Trovoada
Patrice Émery Trovoada (born 18 March 1962) is a São Toméan politician who was the 15th prime minister of São Tomé and Príncipe from November 2022 to 6 January 2025. He previously served as prime minister from February 2008 to June 2008, from August 2010 to December 2012 and again from November 2014 to December 2018. Life and career Trovoada was born in Libreville, Gabon.Albertino Francisco and Nujoma Agostinho, ''Exorcising Devils from the Throne: São Tomé and Príncipe in the Chaos of Democratization'' (Algora Publishing, 2011) p81 He is the son of Miguel Trovoada, who was President of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1991 to 2001,"De Menezes looks set for second term" AFP, August 1, 2006. and was named after |
2006 São Toméan Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in São Tomé and Príncipe on 30 July 2006. Incumbent Fradique de Menezes, first elected in 2001, won with more than 60% of the vote, while his main challenger, Patrice Trovoada, son of a former president received just over 38%. The third candidate, Nilo Guimarães, received less than 1% of the vote. Campaign Fradique de Menezes was nominated by the Force for Change Democratic Movement – Liberal Party and supported by the Christian Democratic Front and Social Liberal Party. Patrice Trovoada was nominated by the Independent Democratic Action, but also supported by the Democratic Renovation Party, the MLSTP/PSD, the National Union for Democracy and Progress, the Opposition Democratic Coalition, the Social Renewal Party, the São Toméan Workers Party, the Social Renewal Party and the Union of Democrats for Citizenship and Development. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cohabitation (government)
Cohabitation is a system of divided government that occurs in semi-presidential systems, such as France, whenever the president is from a different political party than the majority of the members of parliament. It occurs because such a system forces the president to name a premier (prime minister) who will be acceptable to the majority party within parliament. Thus, cohabitation occurs because of the duality of the executive: an independently elected president ''and'' a prime minister who must be acceptable both to the president and to the legislature. France Cohabitation took place in France in 1986–1988, 1993–1995, and 1997–2002. The president faced an opposition majority in the National Assembly and had to select his government from them. Origins Cohabitation was a product of the French Fifth Republic, albeit an unintended one. This constitution brought together a president with considerable executive powers and a prime minister, an executive responsible before Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 São Tomé And Príncipe Coup D'état Attempt
3 (three) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious and cultural significance in many societies. Evolution of the Arabic digit The use of three lines to denote the number 3 occurred in many writing systems, including some (like Roman and Chinese numerals) that are still in use. That was also the original representation of 3 in the Brahmic (Indian) numerical notation, its earliest forms aligned vertically. However, during the Gupta Empire the sign was modified by the addition of a curve on each line. The Nāgarī script rotated the lines clockwise, so they appeared horizontally, and ended each line with a short downward stroke on the right. In cursive script, the three strokes were eventually connected to form a glyph resembling a with an additional stroke at the bottom: ३. The Indian digits spread to the Caliphate in the 9th c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fradique De Menezes
Fradique Bandeira Melo de Menezes (born 21 March 1942) is a São Toméan politician who was the third president of São Tomé and Príncipe from 2001 to 2003 and again from 2003 to 2011. Early life Menezes was born on the then Portuguese colony of São Tomé in 1942, the son of a Portuguese man and a local woman. He attended high school in Portugal. He then studied at the Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada in Lisbon, Portugal and Free University of Brussels. Career Menezes is a businessman. He was Foreign Minister of São Tome and Príncipe from 1986 until 1987. He was elected President in July 2001 with about 55.2% of the vote, defeating Manuel Pinto da Costa, who received about 40%.Elections in São Tomé and Príncipe African Elections Database. Menezes took office on September 3, 2001. His eli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Democratic Action
The Independent Democratic Action () is a political party in São Tomé and Príncipe. It was established in 1994 by the then president Miguel Trovoada and is a politically centrist party. It took part in the 29 July 2001 presidential elections, in which its candidate, Fradique de Menezes, won 55.2% of the vote and was elected president. After the elections Fradique de Menezes joined a new party – the Force for Change Democratic Movement-Liberal Party. In the legislative election held on 3 March 2002, the Independent Democratic Action was the main party in the Uê Kédadji alliance, that won 16.2% of the popular vote and 8 out of 55 seats. It left this alliance and won in the 2006 election 11 out of 55 seats. In the July 2006 presidential election, its leader Patrice Trovoada ran as the only major opposition candidate, but he was defeated by Menezes. Trovoada became Prime Minister in February 2008, but was defeated in a May 2008 vote of confidence proposed by the Movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 São Toméan Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in São Tomé and Príncipe on 29 July 2001. They were the nation's third presidential elections since the introduction of multi-party politics in 1990. Incumbent Miguel Trovoada was constitutionally barred from participating in the election having served the maximum of two five year terms. The two top contenders for the position were Fradique de Menezes, a wealthy businessman, and Manuel Pinto da Costa, former President and founder of the former single-party, the MLSTP/PSD. The elections, deemed free and fair by international observers, were won in the first round by Menezes. He was sworn in as the third president of São Tomé and Príncipe on 3 September 2001. Voter turnout was 70.7%. Results References Presidential elections in São Tomé and Príncipe Sao Tome Presidential election A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Alba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of São Tomé And Príncipe
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Book Store, a bookstore and office supplies chain in the Philippines * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900–1924 * National Radio Company, Malden, Massachusetts, USA 1914–1991 * National Supermarket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
