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Heart Transplantation
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplant, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure when other medical or surgical treatments have failed. , the most common procedure is to take a functioning heart from a recently deceased organ donor (brain death is the most common) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart is either removed and replaced with the donor heart ( orthotopic procedure) or, much less commonly, the recipient's diseased heart is left in place to support the donor heart (heterotopic, or "piggyback", transplant procedure). Approximately 5,000 heart transplants are performed each year worldwide, more than half of which are in the US. Post-operative survival periods average 15 years. Heart transplantation is not considered to be a cure for heart disease; rather it is a life-saving treatment intended to improve the quality and duration of life for a recipient. History American medical researcher Simon Fle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heart
The heart is a muscular Organ (biology), organ found in humans and other animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels. The heart and blood vessels together make the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the tissue, while carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to the lungs. In humans, the heart is approximately the size of a closed fist and is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the thorax, chest, called the mediastinum. In humans, the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right Atrium (heart), atria and lower left and right Ventricle (heart), ventricles. Commonly, the right atrium and ventricle are referred together as the right heart and their left counterparts as the left heart. In a healthy heart, blood flows one way through the heart due to heart valves, which prevent cardiac regurgitation, backflow. The heart is enclosed in a protective sac, the pericardium, which also contains a sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boyd Rush
Boyd Rusia Rush (July 4, 1895 – January 24, 1964)''Social Security Death Index, 1935–2014''. Social Security Administration. was an American upholsterer who was the recipient of the world's first heart transplant on January 24, 1964, at University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Furthermore, Boyd's doctor James D. Hardy used a chimpanzee heart since no human donor heart was readily available. This heart beat in Rush's chest for approximately one hour, and then failed. Rush never regained consciousness.Heart Transplantation in Man: Developmental Studies and Report of a Case ''JAMA'' (''Journal of the American Medical Association''), James D. Hardy, MD; Carlos M. Chavez, MD; Fred D. Kurrus, MD; William A. Neely, MD; Sadan Eraslan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groote Schuur Hospital
Groote Schuur Hospital is a large government-funded teaching hospital situated on the slopes of Devil's Peak (Cape Town), Devil's Peak in the city of Cape Town, South Africa. It was founded in 1938 and is famous for being the institution where the first human-to-human heart transplant took place, conducted by University of Cape Town-educated surgeon Christiaan Barnard on the patient Louis Washkansky. Groote Schuur is the chief academic hospital of the University of Cape Town's medical school, providing tertiary care and instruction in all the major branches of medicine. The hospital underwent major extension in 1984 when two new wings were added. As such, the old main building now mainly houses several academic clinical departments as well as a museum about the first human heart transplant. The hospital is known for its Level I trauma center, trauma unit, anaesthesiology and internal medicine departments. Groote Schuur attracts many visiting medical students, residents and spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Washkansky
Louis Joshua Washkansky (12 April 1912 – 21 December 1967) was a South African man who was the recipient of the world's first human-to-human heart transplant, and the first patient to regain consciousness following the operation. Washkansky lived for 18 days and was able to speak with his wife and reporters.''S Afr Med J'',A human cardiac transplant: an interim report of a successful operation performed at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, Barnard CN, 1967 Dec 30; ''41''(48): 1271–74.Louis Washkansky (1913 – 1967) , Science Museum. Louis was born in Lithuania in 1913 and moved to South Africa in 1922. Washkansky was the second human recipient of a heart transplant overall, in that [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donald McRae (author)
Donald McRae (born 1961) is a South African writer. Born in Germiston in 1961, he moved to the United Kingdom in 1984 to avoid military service in the Apartheid era South African Army. McRae is noted as the only two-time winner of the William Hill Sports Book of the Year award with '' Dark Trade: Lost in Boxing'' in 1996 (2nd ed. Hamilcar Publications, 2019) and '' In Black and White: The Untold Story of Joe Louis and Jesse Owens'' in 2002. His other works include Winter Colours (1999), ''Every Second Counts: the Race to Transplant the First Human Heart'' (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 2006), ''The Great Trials of Clarence Darrow: The Landmark Cases of Leopold and Loeb, John T. Scopes, and Ossian Sweet'', published in 2009, '' A Man’s World: The Double Life of Emile Griffith'' (Simon & Schuster, 2015), ''Steven Gerrard Steven George Gerrard MBE (born 30 May 1980) is an English professional football manager and a former player. Widely regarded as one of the greatest mid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Lower (surgeon)
Richard Rowland Lower (August 15, 1929 – May 17, 2008) was an American pioneer of cardiac surgery, particularly in the field of heart transplantation.Pincock, S. (2008)"Richard Rowland Lower" ''The Lancet'', 372(9640), 712 EP–. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61294-5. Retrieved May 25, 2013 Lower was born in Detroit, attended Amherst College, and received his medical degree from Cornell University in 1955.Pearce, J. (May 31, 2008)"Richard Lower Dies at 78; Transplanted Animal and Human Hearts" ''The New York Times''. Retrieved May 25, 2013. Lower and Norman Shumway developed many of the techniques required to conduct successful heart transplantation, including the use of hypothermia and the orthotopic technique,Donald McRae (author), McRae, D. (2007). ''Every Second Counts''. New York. which became the standard technique for cardiac transplantation. Initially experimenting on dogs, Lower and Shumway conducted their research at Stanford. Lower left Stanford to head the cardiac progr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Shumway
Norman Edward Shumway (February 9, 1923 – February 10, 2006) was a pioneer of heart surgery at Stanford University. He was the 67th president of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and the first to perform an adult human to human heart transplantation in the United States. Early life Shumway was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan and brought up as an only child by his parents Norman Edward Shumway and Laura Irene Van der Vliet who ran the dairy in Jackson, Michigan. At school he was a key member of the debating team which won the state debating contest. He graduated from Jackson High School in the summer of 1941 and, in the fall of that year, he entered the University of Michigan where he remained for one year as an undergraduate law student until he was drafted by the Army in 1943. He was sent to John Tarleton Agricultural College in Stephenville, Texas for engineering training and then underwent Army Specialized Training, which included nine months of pre-medical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christiaan Barnard
Christiaan Neethling Barnard (8November 19222September 2001) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation. On 3 December 1967, Barnard transplanted the heart of accident victim Denise Darvall into the chest of 54-year-old Louis Washkansky, who regained full consciousness and was able to talk easily with his wife, before dying 18 days later of pneumonia, largely brought on by the anti-rejection drugs that suppressed his immune system. Barnard had told Mr. and Mrs. Washkansky that the operation had an 80% chance of success, an assessment which has been criticised as misleading. Barnard's second transplant patient, Philip Blaiberg, whose operation was performed at the beginning of 1968, returned home from the hospital and lived for a year and a half. Born in Beaufort West, Cape Province, Barnard studied medicine and practised for several years in his native South Africa. As a young doctor experimenting on dogs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Ocean; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini; and it encloses Lesotho. Covering an area of , the country has Demographics of South Africa, a population of over 64 million people. Pretoria is the administrative capital, while Cape Town, as the seat of Parliament of South Africa, Parliament, is the legislative capital, and Bloemfontein is regarded as the judicial capital. The largest, most populous city is Johannesburg, followed by Cape Town and Durban. Cradle of Humankind, Archaeological findings suggest that various hominid species existed in South Africa about 2.5 million years ago, and modern humans inhabited the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartley P
Bartley is a family name and a given name. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Ashley Bartley, American politician from Vermont * Barrington Bartley (born 1980), Jamaican-American cricketer * Charles Bartley (1921–1996), American scientist * David M. Bartley (born 1935), American politician and educator * Dick Bartley (born 1951), American radio disc jockey active 1969–2016 * Edward Bartley (1839–1919), New Zealand architect * Ephesians Bartley (born 1969), American football player * Frank Bartley (born 1994), American basketball player for Ironi Ness Ziona of the Israeli Basketball Premier League * Geoff Bartley (born 1948), American singer/songwriter active 1969–present * George Bartley (1782?–1858), English comedic actor *Jonathan Bartley (born 1971), English politician *Gerald Bartley (1898–1974), Irish politician *John Bartley (born 1947), American cinematographer * Kace Bartley (born 1997), English squash player * Kyle Bartley (born 1991), English foo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assam
Assam (, , ) is a state in Northeast India, northeastern India, south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra Valley, Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of . It is the second largest state in Northeast India, northeastern India by area and the largest in terms of population, with more than 31 million inhabitants. The state is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north; Nagaland and Manipur to the east; Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram and Bangladesh to the south; and West Bengal to the west via the Siliguri Corridor, a strip of land that connects the state to the rest of India. Assamese language, Assamese and Bodo language, Bodo are two of the official languages for the entire state and Meitei language, Meitei (Manipuri language, Manipuri) is recognised as an additional official language in three districts of Barak Valley and Hojai district. in Hojai district and for the Barak valley region, alongside Bengali language, Bengali, which is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhaniram Baruah
Dhaniram Baruah is an Indian heart surgeon from Assam, known for his work in the field of xenotransplantation. He is popularly known as India's ''Pig Heart Doctor''. On 1 January 1997, he became the first heart surgeon in the world to transplant a pig's heart in a human body. Although the recipient died subsequently, it was a precursor to the first successful pig-to-human heart transplant performed 25 years later by Bartley P. Griffith in January 2022. While Griffith used a genetically modified pig's heart, Barua had transplanted a normal pig heart. Barua is also the founder of Dr Dhaniram Baruah Heart Institute & Research Centre. He can only communicate through hand gestures after a brain stroke left him unable to speak. Experiments, claims and controversies Throughout his career Barua has courted controversies due to his maverick ideas and unconventional methods. The pig heart transplanted by Barua in his patient Purna Saikia worked for seven days, after which due to implicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
