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Girls' Studies
Girl studies, also known as girlhood studies, is an interdisciplinary academic field of study that is focused on girlhood and girls' culture that combines advocacy and the direct perspectives and thoughts of girls themselves. The field emerged in the 1990s after decades of falling under the broader field of women's studies. Scholars within girl studies examine social and cultural elements of girlhood and move away from an adult-centered focus. Those working in the field of girl studies have studied it primarily in relation to other fields that include: sociology, psychology, education, history, literary studies, media studies Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mos ..., and communication studies. Girl studies seeks to work directly with girls themselves in order to analyze thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girl
A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent. While the term ''girl'' has other meanings, including ''young woman'',Dictionary.com, "Girl"'' Retrieved January 2, 2008. '' daughter'' or '' girlfriend'' regardless of age, the first meaning is the most common one. The treatment and status of girls in any society is usually closely related to the status of women in that culture. In cultures where women have or had a low social position, girls may be unwanted by their parents, and society may invest less in girls. The difference in girls' and boys' upbringing ranges from slight to completely different. Mixing of the sexes may vary by age, and from totally mixed to total sex segregation. Etymology The English word ''girl'' first appeared during the Middle Ages between 1250 and 1300 CE and came from the Anglo-Saxon word ' (also spelled ' or '). The Anglo-Saxon word ' meaning ''dress'' or ''clothing item'' also seems to have been used as a metonym in some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematics
Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study of shapes and spaces that contain them), Mathematical analysis, analysis (the study of continuous changes), and set theory (presently used as a foundation for all mathematics). Mathematics involves the description and manipulation of mathematical object, abstract objects that consist of either abstraction (mathematics), abstractions from nature orin modern mathematicspurely abstract entities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. Mathematics uses pure reason to proof (mathematics), prove properties of objects, a ''proof'' consisting of a succession of applications of in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
School
A school is the educational institution (and, in the case of in-person learning, the Educational architecture, building) designed to provide learning environments for the teaching of students, usually under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is sometimes compulsory education, compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools that can be built and operated by both government and private organization. The names for these schools vary by country (discussed in the ''School#Regional terms, Regional terms'' section below) but generally include primary school for young children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education. An institution where higher education is taught is commonly called a university college or university. In addition to these core schools, students in a given country may also attend schools before and after primary (elementary in the U.S.) and secondary (middle scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Association Of University Women
The American Association of University Women (AAUW), officially founded in 1881, is a non-profit organization that advances Justice, equity for women and girls through advocacy, education, and research. The organization has a nationwide Social network, network of 170,000 members and supporters, 1,000 local branches, and 800 college and university partners. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C. AAUW's CEO is Gloria L. Blackwell. History 19th century In 1881, Emily Fairbanks Talbot, Marion Talbot and Ellen Swallow Richards invited 15 alumnae from 8 colleges to a meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. The purpose of this meeting was to create an organization of women college graduates that would assist women in finding greater opportunities to use their education, as well as promoting and assisting other women's college attendance. The Association of Collegiate Alumnae or ACA (AAUW's predecessor organization) was officially founded on January 14, 1882. The ACA also worked to improve st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolescence
Adolescence () is a transitional stage of human Developmental biology, physical and psychological Human development (biology), development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood (typically corresponding to the age of majority). Adolescence is usually associated with the Teenager (word), teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier or end later. Puberty typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females. Physical growth (particularly in males) and cognitive development can extend past the teens. Age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have not agreed upon a precise definition. Some definitions start as early as 10 and end as late as 30. The World Health Organization definition officially designates adolescence as the phase of life from ages 10 to 19. Biological development Puberty in general Puberty is a period of several years in which rapid physical growth and psycholog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Developmental Psychology
Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why humans grow, change, and adapt across the course of their lives. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan. Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling, and behaviors change throughout life. This field examines change across three major dimensions, which are physical development, cognitive development, and social emotional development. Within these three dimensions are a broad range of topics including motor skills, executive functions, moral understanding, language acquisition, social change, personality, emotional development, self-concept, and identity formation. Developmental psychology examines the influences of nature ''and'' nurture on the process of human development, as well as processes of change in context across time. Many researchers are interested in the interactions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Its influence, wealth, and rankings have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world. Harvard was founded and authorized by the Massachusetts General Court, the governing legislature of colonial-era Massachusetts Bay Colony. While never formally affiliated with any denomination, Harvard trained Congregational clergy until its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized in the 18th century. By the 19th century, Harvard emerged as the most prominent academic and cultural institution among the Boston elite. Following the American Civil War, under Harvard president Charles William Eliot's long tenure from 1869 to 1909, Harvard developed multiple professional schools, which transfo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1990s. 1990 *Aung San Suu Kyi's ''Burma and India: Some aspects of intellectual life under colonialism'' is published. *Zygmunt Bauman's ''Thinking Sociologically'' is published. *Raymond Boudon's ''The Art of Self-Persuasion: The Social Explanation of False Beliefs'' is published. *James Samuel Coleman, James Coleman's ''Foundations of Social Theory'' is published. *Troy Duster's ''Backdoor To Eugenics'' is published. *Ian Hacking's ''The Taming of Chance'' is published. *Nicole Lapierre's ''The Silence of the Memory ''is published and wins the Bulzoni Editore Special Award. *M. Rainer Lepsius' and Wolfgang J. Mommsen's (ed.) ''Max Weber. Briefe 1906-1908'' is published and wins the European Amalfi Prize for Sociology and Social Sciences. *Chen Liangjin's ''Social Developmental Mechanisms and Social Security Functions'' is published. *Alejandro Portes' and Rubén G. Rumbaut, Rubén Rumbaut's ''Immigrant America: A Portra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1980s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1980s. 1980 *Raymond Boudon's ''Crisis in sociology : problems of sociological epistemology'' is published. *William R. Catton, Jr., William Catton's ''Overshoot'' is published. *Michel Foucault's ''Power/Knowledge'' is published. *Richard Sennett's ''Authority'' is published. *Immanuel Wallerstein's ''The Modern World-System (volume 2): Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600-1750'' 1981 *Raymond Boudon's ''Logic of social action : an introduction to sociological analysis'' is published. *Andre Gunder Frank's Crisis in the third world is published. *Erving Goffman's ''Forms of Talk'' is published. *Jürgen Habermas's ''The Theory of Communicative Action'' is published. *Thomas Humphrey Marshall's ''The Right of Welfare and Other Essays'' is published. *Leslie George Scarman's ''Scarman Report, Brixton disorders 10–12 April 1981 : report of an enquiry'' is published. *Alain Touraine's ''La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1970s. 1970 *Robert Adrey's ''Social Contract'' is published.Ardrey, Robert. ''The Social Contract: A Personal Inquiry into the Evolutionary Sources of Order and Disorder.'' New York: Atheneum. 1970. Print *Jean Baudrillard's ''The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures'' is published. *Thomas R. Dye's and L. Harmon Zeigler's ''Irony of democracy'' is published. *Michel Foucault's ''The Order of Discourse'' is published. *Alvin Ward Gouldner's ''The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology'' is published. *Germaine Greer's ''The Female Eunuch'' is published. *Donald MacRae's ''New Society'' is published. *Nicos Poulantzas' ''Fascism and Dictatorship'' is published. *John Rex's ''Race relations in sociological theory'' is published. *Richard Sennett's ''Families Against the City: Middle Class Homes of Industrial Chicago, 1872-1890'' is published. *Richard Titmuss' ''The Gift Relationship'' is published. 1971 *Erving Goffman's ''R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christine Griffin
Christine M. Griffin (born February 10, 1955) is an American lawyer. From 2011 to 2013 she served as Assistant Secretary for Disability Policies and Programs for the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services. After military service on active duty from 1974 to 1977, Griffin graduated from the Massachusetts Maritime Academy in 1983 and worked for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. She received a Juris Doctor from the Boston College Law School in 1993 and held posts in disability advocacy groups and as commissioner of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission until 2009. From 2010 to 2011 she served as deputy director of the United States Office of Personnel Management under John Berry. Early life and career Griffin was born in Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts. She went to St. Patrick's High School in Roxbury, Boston and served on active duty in the United States Army from 1974 to 1977. Griffin later entered the Massachusetts Maritime Academy to become a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meda Chesney-Lind
Meda Chesney-Lind is a US feminist, criminologist, and an advocate for girls and women who come in contact with the criminal justice system in Hawaii. Overview Chesney-Lind works to find alternatives to women's incarceration and is an advocate for humanitarian solutions within the Hawaiian criminal justice system. She focuses on teaching courses on girls' delinquency and women's crime, issues of girls' programming and women's imprisonment, youth gangs, the sociology of gender, and the victimization of women and girls. Over much of the past two decades, her focus has been on improvement of the Hawaiian correctional system through producing articles for newspapers, books, and journals, as well as working with community-based agencies and giving talks to local organizations and legislators. She has also been credited with helping to direct national attention to services for delinquent girls. Early life Meda Chesney was born in Woodward, Oklahoma, in 1947 and was the oldest of four ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
