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Fiscal Envelope
Fiscal usually refers to government finance. In this context, it may refer to: Economics * Fiscal policy, use of government expenditure to influence economic development * Fiscal policy debate * Fiscal adjustment, a reduction in the government primary budget deficit * Fiscal agent, a proxy that manages fiscal matters on behalf of another party * Fiscal illusion, a public choice theory of government expenditure * Fiscal space, the flexibility of a government in its spending choices * Fiscal sponsorship, when non-profit organizations offer their legal and tax-exempt status to groups * Fiscal sustainability, the ability of a government to sustain its current spending * Fiscal transparency, publication of information on how governments manage public resources * Fiscal year, reporting periods for firms and other agencies Places * Fiscal Parish, in Portugal * Fiscal, Spain municipality in Huesca, Spain Other * ''Fiscal Studies'', a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal * Fiscal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Finance
Public finance refers to the monetary resources available to governments and also to the study of finance within government and role of the government in the economy. Within academic settings, public finance is a widely studied subject in many branches of political science, political economy and public economics. Research assesses the government revenue and government expenditure of the public authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achieve desirable effects and avoid undesirable ones. The purview of public finance is considered to be threefold, consisting of governmental effects on: # The efficient allocation of available resources; # The distribution of income among citizens; and # The stability of the economy. American public policy advisor and economist Jonathan Gruber put forth a framework to assess the broad field of public finance in 2010:Gruber, J. (2010) Public Finance and Public Policy (Third Edition), Worth Publishers, Pg. 3, Part 1 # When shoul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Studies
''Fiscal Studies'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley on behalf of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. The journal was established in 1979 and aims to bridge the gap between academic research and policy, including applied microeconomics to consider how policies affect individuals, families, businesses, and public finance. Published papers cover a broad range of topical issues. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2022 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 7.3. The journal's editors are drawn from among the institute's own research staff and from its Fellows and Associates. In 2023 the editors are James Banks, Pierre Cahuc, Monica Costa Dias, Matthias Parey, Kimberley Scharf, and James P. Ziliak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Metering
Fiscal usually refers to government finance. In this context, it may refer to: Economics * Fiscal policy, use of government expenditure to influence economic development * Fiscal policy debate * Fiscal adjustment, a reduction in the government primary budget deficit * Fiscal agent, a proxy that manages fiscal matters on behalf of another party * Fiscal illusion, a public choice theory of government expenditure * Fiscal space, the flexibility of a government in its spending choices * Fiscal sponsorship, when non-profit organizations offer their legal and tax-exempt status to groups * Fiscal sustainability, the ability of a government to sustain its current spending * Fiscal transparency, publication of information on how governments manage public resources * Fiscal year, reporting periods for firms and other agencies Places * Fiscal Parish, in Portugal * Fiscal, Spain municipality in Huesca, Spain Other * ''Fiscal Studies ''Fiscal Studies'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanius
''Lanius'', the typical shrikes, are a genus of passerine birds in the shrike family Laniidae. The majority of the family's species are placed in this genus. The genus name, ''Lanius'', is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also known as "butcher birds" because of their feeding habits. The common English name "shrike" is from Old English ''scríc'', "shriek", referring to the shrill call. Some African species are known as fiscals. That name comes from the Afrikaans word ''fiskaal'' ("public official", especially a hangman), because they hang their prey on thorns for storage. Most ''Lanius'' species occur in Eurasia and Africa, but the Northern shrike is found in eastern Asia and North America, while the loggerhead shrike is confined to North America. There are no members of this genus or the shrike family in South America or Australia. ''Lanius'' shrikes are birds of open habitats typically seen perched upright on a prominent perch like a tree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Flycatcher
The fiscal flycatcher (''Sigelus silens'') is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family. It is the only species placed in the genus ''Sigelus''. It is a resident breeder in Botswana, South Africa, Lesotho, Mozambique and Swaziland, and a vagrant to Namibia. This species is found in subtropical open woodland, dry savanna, shrubland and suburban gardens. Taxonomy The fiscal flycatcher was previously the only member of the genus ''Sigelus'' but was moved to '' Melaenornis'' based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010. Description This black and white bird gets its name from its resemblance to the northern and southern fiscal shrikes (previously considered one species, common fiscal), shrikes that in turn get the name from their black and white suit-and-tie appearance reminiscent of the taxman (‘fiscal’). The male may be confused with the fiscal shrikes, but the shrikes have heavy, hooked bills, white patches on the shoulder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procurator Fiscal
A procurator fiscal (pl. ''procurators fiscal''), sometimes called PF or fiscal (), is a public prosecutor in Scotland, who has the power to impose fiscal fines. They investigate all sudden and suspicious deaths in Scotland (similar to a coroner in common law systems), conduct fatal accident inquiries (a form of inquest unique to the Scottish legal system) and handle criminal complaints against the police (administrative complaints are handled by the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner). They also receive reports from specialist reporting agencies such as His Majesty's Revenue and Customs. For the majority of crimes in Scotland, the procurators fiscal present cases for the prosecution in the sheriff and justice of the peace courts (and formerly district courts), and the case for the defence is presented either by the accused, a solicitor, or an advocate. The solicitor will work for a firm of solicitors, or in certain areas of Scotland could be a public defende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deputy Fiscal
The Judiciary of Sri Lanka are the civil and criminal courts responsible for the administration of justice in Sri Lanka. The Constitution of Sri Lanka defines courts as independent institutions within the traditional framework of checks and balances. They apply Sri Lankan Law which is an amalgam of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law and Customary Law; and are established under the Judicature Act No 02 of 1978 of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. The judiciary consist of the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, the High Court, district court (Sri Lanka)s, magistrate's court (Sri Lanka)s, and primary courts. Although provisions are there for trials for serious offences to be held before a jury, at present all cases are heard before professional judges. Introduction The current system of courts is defined by the Judicature Act No 02 of 1978. However, the modern form of the European form of justice originated during the Dutch colonial occupation of the coastal areas of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inspector General Of Police (Sri Lanka)
The Inspector General of Police (IGP) is the professional head of the Sri Lanka Police. They are the most senior police officer in Sri Lanka and oversees all police personnel throughout the country. The IGP reports to the Minister of Law and Order, when the Police Service is under the Ministry of Law and Order as it is currently. History The post of Inspector General of Police in Sri Lanka can be traced as far back as 1797 when the office of Fiscal was created and Fredric Barron Mylius was appointed as Fiscal of Colombo and entrusted with responsibility of policing the City of Colombo. In 1833, the Head of the Police Service was called the Superintendent of Police, in 1836 the designation was changed to Chief Superintendent of Police. The official establishment of the Ceylon Police Force was on 3 September 1866 when William Robert Campbell (then the chief of police in the Indian province of Rathnageri) was appointed as Chief Superintendent of Police in Ceylon to be in charg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Of Colombo
Fiscal usually refers to government finance. In this context, it may refer to: Economics * Fiscal policy, use of government expenditure to influence economic development * Fiscal policy debate * Fiscal adjustment, a reduction in the government primary budget deficit * Fiscal agent, a proxy that manages fiscal matters on behalf of another party * Fiscal illusion, a public choice theory of government expenditure * Fiscal space, the flexibility of a government in its spending choices * Fiscal sponsorship, when non-profit organizations offer their legal and tax-exempt status to groups * Fiscal sustainability, the ability of a government to sustain its current spending * Fiscal transparency, publication of information on how governments manage public resources * Fiscal year, reporting periods for firms and other agencies Places * Fiscal Parish, in Portugal * Fiscal, Spain municipality in Huesca, Spain Other * ''Fiscal Studies'', a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Fine
A fiscal fine (formally a fixed penalty conditional offer) is a form of deferred prosecution agreement in Scotland issued by a procurator fiscal for certain summary offences as an alternative to prosecution. Alternatives to prosecution are called direct measures in Scotland. Fiscal fines can vary between £50 and £500, but a compensation offer may be issued either separately or additionally with similar effect but with payment going to the victim of crime: these can be of any amount not exceeding £5,000. Whilst not being recorded as a conviction or formal admission of guilt, the payment of a fiscal fine can be revealed in certain circumstances, including a requirement by the General Medical Council for disclosure. The power to issue fiscal fines is conferred by section 302 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 as amended by section 50 of the Criminal Proceedings etc. (Reform) (Scotland) Act 2007. Background Fiscal fines were introduced in Scotland by section 56 of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal Cancel
In philately a fiscal cancel – symbol – is a Cancellation (mail), cancellation on a stamp that indicates that the stamp has been used for finance, fiscal (taxation) purposes. The stamp may either be a revenue stamp, intended purely for fiscal use, or it may be a postage and revenue stamp, dual-purpose stamp valid for either postal or fiscal use. Varieties Fiscal cancels take a variety of forms: *Pen cancels with a simple cross, initials or other markings. *Perfin or punched hole cancels. *Embossing (paper), Embossing. *Damaging the surface of the stamp using a serrated or ridged roller. *Multiple parallel cuts. *Handstamp cancels similar to the postmark on a stamp and which may be in purple or red ink rather than the black favoured for cancels of postage stamps. *Tearing or other physical damage to the stamp. Examples: File:Bill stamp of the USSR.jpg, A Russian revenue stamp with a fiscal pen cancel. File:Adhesive labelEstonia1919 20m.jpg, An Estonian revenue stamp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiscal, Spain
Fiscal is a municipality in the province of Huesca, Sobrarbe comarca, Aragon, Spain. It is located 76 kilometers from Huesca. It is 768 meters above sea level, and covers an area of 170 km2. As of 2018, it had a population of 327 inhabitants. Geography Villages: Albella, Arresa, Borrastre, Jánovas, Javierre de Ara, Lacort, Lardiés, Ligüerre de Ara, Planillo, San Felices de Ara, San Juste, San Martín de Solana and Santa Olaria de Ara. See also * Solana Valley * List of municipalities in Huesca This is a list of the municipalities in the province of Huesca, in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. F ... External links Best Walking trails in Fiscal, Aragon (Spain) Municipalities in the Province of Huesca {{huesca-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
