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Filling Factor
Filling factor, ~F,~ is a quantity measuring the efficiency of absorption of pump in the core of a double-clad fiber.D. Kouznetsov, J. V. Moloney. Highly efficient, high gain, short wavelength and power scalable incoherent diode slab-pumped fiber laser amplifier. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, v.39, No.11, p.1452-1461 (2003) Definition The efficiency of absorption of pumping energy in the fiber is an important parameter of a double-clad fiber laser. In many cases this efficiency can be approximated with :1- \exp\left( - F \frac\alpha L \right) , where :~S~ is the cross-sectional area of the cladding :~r~ is the radius of the core (which is taken to be circular) :~\alpha~ is the absorption coefficient of pump light in the core :~L~ is the length of the double-clad fiber, and :~F~ is a dimensionless adjusting parameter, which is sometimes called the "filling factor"; ~0 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double-clad Fiber
Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a class of optical fiber with a structure consisting of three layers of optical material instead of the usual two. The inner-most layer is called the ''core''. It is surrounded by the ''inner cladding'', which is surrounded by the ''outer cladding''. The three layers are made of materials with different refractive indices. There are two different kinds of double-clad fibers. The first was developed early in optical fiber history with the purpose of engineering the dispersion of optical fibers. In these fibers, the core carries the majority of the light, and the inner and outer cladding alter the waveguide dispersion of the core-guided signal. The second kind of fiber was developed in the late 1980s for use with high power fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. In these fibers, the core is doped with active dopant material; it both guides and amplifies the signal light. The inner cladding and core together guide the pump light, which provides the energy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IEEE Journal Of Quantum Electronics
The ''IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering optical, electrical, and electronics engineering, and some applied aspects of lasers, physical optics, and quantum electronics. It is published by the IEEE Photonics Society and was established in 1965. The editor-in-chief is Hon Ki Tsang (The Chinese University of Hong Kong). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.318. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Science Citation Index * Current Contents ''Current Contents'' is a rapid alerting service database from Clarivate, formerly the Institute for Scientific Information and Thomson Reuters. It is published online and in several different printed subject sections. History ''Current Contents .../Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences * Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology See also * '' IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absorption Coefficient
The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A coefficient value that is large represents a beam becoming 'attenuated' as it passes through a given medium, while a small value represents that the medium had little effect on loss. The (derived) SI unit of attenuation coefficient is the reciprocal metre (m−1). Extinction coefficient is another term for this quantity, often used in meteorology and climatology. Most commonly, the quantity measures the exponential decay of intensity, that is, the value of downward ''e''-folding distance of the original intensity as the energy of the intensity passes through a unit (''e.g.'' one meter) thickness of material, so that an attenuation coefficient of 1 m−1 means that after passing through 1 metre, the radiation will be reduced by a factor of '' e'', and fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimensionless Number
Dimensionless quantities, or quantities of dimension one, are quantities implicitly defined in a manner that prevents their aggregation into unit of measurement, units of measurement. ISBN 978-92-822-2272-0. Typically expressed as ratios that align with another system, these quantities do not necessitate explicitly defined Unit of measurement, units. For instance, alcohol by volume (ABV) represents a volumetric ratio; its value remains independent of the specific Unit of volume, units of volume used, such as in milliliters per milliliter (mL/mL). The 1, number one is recognized as a dimensionless Base unit of measurement, base quantity. Radians serve as dimensionless units for Angle, angular measurements, derived from the universal ratio of 2π times the radius of a circle being equal to its circumference. Dimensionless quantities play a crucial role serving as parameters in differential equations in various technical disciplines. In calculus, concepts like the unitless ratios ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brightness
Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating/reflecting light. In other words, brightness is the perception dictated by the luminance of a visual target. The perception is not linear to luminance, and relies on the context of the viewing environment (for example, see White's illusion). Brightness is a subjective sensation of an object being observed and one of the color appearance parameters of many color appearance models, typically denoted as Q. Brightness refers to how much light ''appears to shine'' from something. This is a different perception than lightness, which is how light something appears ''compared to'' a similarly lit white object. The adjective '' bright'' derives from an Old English '' beorht'' with the same meaning via metathesis giving Middle English ''briht''. The word is from a Proto-Germanic ', ultimately from a PIE root with a closely related meaning, *' "white, bright". "Brightness" was formerly used as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Scaling
Power scaling of a laser is increasing its output power without changing the geometry, shape, or principle of operation. Power scalability is considered an important advantage in a laser design. This means it can increase power without changing outside features. Usually, power scaling requires a more powerful laser pumping, pump source, stronger cooling, and an increase in size. It may also require reduction of the background loss in the optical resonator, laser resonator and, in particular, in the gain medium. Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) One way of achieving power scalability is the MOPA approach. The master oscillator (a seed laser to be amplified) produces a highly coherent beam, and an optical amplifier is used to increase the power of the beam while preserving its main properties. The master oscillator has no need to be powerful, and has no need to operate at high efficiency because the efficiency is determined mainly by the power amplifier. The combination of seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stimulated Scattering
"Stimulated" (stylized as "$timulated") is a song by American rapper Tyga, and the fifth single from his mixtape '' Fuk Wat They Talkin Bout'' (2015). It was produced by Crakwav and uses a sample of "Children" by Robert Miles. The song is a response to the controversy and criticism surrounding Tyga's relationship with then underaged media personality Kylie Jenner. Tyga was 25 years old while Kylie had just turned 18. Background and composition In 2014, Tyga and Kylie Jenner began a romantic relationship, which Tyga publicly confirmed when Jenner turned 18 (the legal age of consent in California) in 2015. The news sparked controversy due to their age differences. Tyga responded to the negative publicity with the song, in which he dismisses the criticism of the relationship and describes his sexual exploits with Jenner, rapping over a sample of "Children" by Robert Miles. In 2024, Tyga's longtime manager and co-founder of Last Kings, Tarell Meeks, along with associates Heather Sander ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double-clad Fiber
Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a class of optical fiber with a structure consisting of three layers of optical material instead of the usual two. The inner-most layer is called the ''core''. It is surrounded by the ''inner cladding'', which is surrounded by the ''outer cladding''. The three layers are made of materials with different refractive indices. There are two different kinds of double-clad fibers. The first was developed early in optical fiber history with the purpose of engineering the dispersion of optical fibers. In these fibers, the core carries the majority of the light, and the inner and outer cladding alter the waveguide dispersion of the core-guided signal. The second kind of fiber was developed in the late 1980s for use with high power fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. In these fibers, the core is doped with active dopant material; it both guides and amplifies the signal light. The inner cladding and core together guide the pump light, which provides the energy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Optical Amplifier
An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical communication and laser physics. They are used as optical repeaters in the long distance fiber-optic cables which carry much of the world's telecommunication links. There are several different physical mechanisms that can be used to amplify a light signal, which correspond to the major types of optical amplifiers. In doped fiber amplifiers and bulk lasers, stimulated emission in the amplifier's gain medium causes amplification of incoming light. In semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), electron–hole recombination occurs. In Raman amplifiers, Raman scattering of incoming light with phonons in the lattice of the gain medium produces photons coherent with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
