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Environmental Design In Rail Transportation
Environmental design is an emerging topic in railroad technology. From the 1980s to 2009, fuel efficiency in diesel locomotives in the USA has increased 85%, allowing these trains to go farther and move more freight while using less fuel. New low-impact electric and hybrid trains reduce overall carbon emissions. Also, train manufacturers have started utilizing hydrogen technology for propulsion, with carbon emissions only coming from the manufacturing of the hydrogen itself. Increasing efficiency while lowering emissions Diesel trains Diesel trains replaced the steam engine in the late 1920s as a cleaner more efficient way of moving people and goods. Since 1980, the amount of freight being hauled by Diesel Trains has nearly doubled, yet the fuel consumption of trains has virtually stayed the same. Estimates have shown that about of fuel have been saved by increasing the efficiency in diesel trains. US Department of Energy reported that commercial airline energy intensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Design
Environmental design is the process of addressing surrounding environmental parameters when devising plans, programs, policies, buildings, or products. It seeks to create spaces that will enhance the natural, social, cultural and physical environment of particular areas. Classical prudent design may have always considered environmental factors; however, the environmental movement beginning in the 1940s has made the concept more explicit. Environmental design can also refer to the applied arts and sciences dealing with creating the human-designed environment. These fields include architecture, geography, urban planning, landscape architecture, and interior design. Environmental design can also encompass interdisciplinary areas such as historical preservation and lighting design. In terms of a larger scope, environmental design has implications for the industrial design of products: innovative automobiles, wind power generators, solar-powered equipment, and other kinds of equipment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hybrid Train
A hybrid train is a locomotive, railcar or train that uses an onboard rechargeable energy storage system (RESS), placed between the power source (often a diesel engine prime mover) and the traction transmission system connected to the wheels. Since most diesel locomotives are diesel-electric, they have all the components of a series hybrid transmission except the storage battery, making this a relatively simple prospect. Surplus energy from the power source, or energy derived from regenerative braking, charges the storage system. During acceleration, stored energy is directed to the transmission system, boosting that available from the main power source. In existing designs, the storage system can be electric traction batteries, or a flywheel. The energy source is diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, or hydrogen (for fuel cells) and transmission is direct mechanical, electric or Diesel electric locomotives may have most of what they need for regenerative braking since they mig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Low Emissions Locomotives
The following is a list of diesel-electric locomotives that meet or exceed United States emission standards, EPA Tier 2 locomotive emissions regulations, sorted by builder. This is a non-exhaustive list of locomotives in North America. Furthermore, green/clean energy is an always developing sector and that more locomotives may be added to the list, while some will no longer meet current standards. Altoona Works Brandt Road-Rail Brandt Road-Rail is a company that mainly produces road–rail vehicles, especially railcar movers and maintenance of way equipment. In addition, in 2006, it also built a single prototype genset locomotive. Brookville Equipment Corporation, Brookville Equipment Electro-Motive Diesel GE Transportation Motive Power and Equipment Solutions Motive Power and Equipment Solutions was a locomotive manufacturer and rebuilder active in Greenville, South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina from 1999 until 2022. This company is not to be confused with Moti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Track
Green track (also grassed track or lawn track) is a type of railway track in which the track bed and surrounding area are planted with sod, grass turf or other vegetation as ground cover. It is a popular way of making railways more visually appealing, particularly for trams and light rail, and providing additional urban green space. Aside from the visual improvement, the vegetation provides a number of positive effects, such as noise control, noise reduction, less air pollution, Surface runoff, rainwater runoff mitigation, and reduced urban heat island, urban heat island effect. History The first green tracks were installed in 1905 along in Berlin. Due to the technical challenges they posed, many green tracks were phased out in the following decades, but beginning in the mid-1980s, green tracks have seen a resurgence. Impact Green tracks have a number of positive impacts on the urban environment. Green tracks reduce surface runoff by retaining an estimated 50-70% of precipitati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Issues With Energy
The environmental impact of the energy industry is significant, as energy and natural resource consumption are closely related. Producing, transporting, or consuming energy all have an environmental impact. Energy has been harnessed by human beings for millennia. Initially it was with the use of fire for light, heat, cooking and for safety, and its use can be traced back at least 1.9 million years. In recent years there has been a trend towards the increased commercialization of various renewable energy sources. Scientific consensus on some of the main human activities that contribute to global warming are considered to be increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, causing a warming effect, global changes to land surface, such as deforestation, for a warming effect, increasing concentrations of aerosols, mainly for a cooling effect. Rapidly advancing technologies can potentially achieve a transition of energy generation, water and waste management, and food production towa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toyota Prius
The is a Compact car, compact/small family car, small family liftback (supermini/subcompact sedan (car), sedan until 2003) produced by Toyota. The Prius has a Hybrid vehicle drivetrain, hybrid drivetrain, combined with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Initially offered as a four-door Sedan (automobile), sedan, it has been produced only as a five-door liftback since 2003. The Prius was developed by Toyota to be the "car for the 21st century"; it was the first mass-produced hybrid vehicle, first going on sale in Japan in 1997 at Toyota dealerships (Japan), all four Toyota Japan dealership chains, and subsequently introduced worldwide in 2000. In 2011, Toyota expanded the Prius family to include the Toyota Prius V, Prius v, an Multi-purpose vehicle, MPV, and the Toyota Prius C, Prius c, a subcompact hatchback. The production version of the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid, Prius plug-in hybrid was released in 2012. The second generation of the plug-in variant, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Heating Value
The heating value (or energy value or calorific value) of a substance, usually a fuel or food (see food energy), is the amount of heat released during the combustion of a specified amount of it. The ''calorific value'' is the total energy released as heat when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions. The chemical reaction is typically a hydrocarbon or other organic molecule reacting with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water and release heat. It may be expressed with the quantities: * energy/ mole of fuel * energy/mass of fuel * energy/volume of the fuel There are two kinds of enthalpy of combustion, called high(er) and low(er) heat(ing) value, depending on how much the products are allowed to cool and whether compounds like are allowed to condense. The high heat values are conventionally measured with a bomb calorimeter. Low heat values are calculated from high heat value test data. They may also be calculated as the difference betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joule
The joule ( , or ; symbol: J) is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI). In terms of SI base units, one joule corresponds to one kilogram- metre squared per second squared One joule is equal to the amount of work done when a force of one newton displaces a body through a distance of one metre in the direction of that force. It is also the energy dissipated as heat when an electric current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second. It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule (1818–1889). Definition According to the International Bureau of Weights and Measures the joule is defined as "the work done when the point of application of 1 MKS unit of force ewtonmoves a distance of 1 metre in the direction of the force." In terms of SI base units and in terms of SI derived units with special names, the joule is defined as One joule is also equivalent to any of the following: * The work required to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrail
In transportation, the original (2003) generic term "hydrail" includes hydrogen trains, zero-emission multiple units, or ZEMUs—generic terms describing rail vehicles, large or small, which use on-board hydrogen fuel as a source of energy to power the traction motors, or the auxiliary power unit, auxiliaries, or both. Hydrail vehicles use the chemical energy of hydrogen for propulsion, either by burning hydrogen in a hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle, hydrogen internal combustion engine, or by reacting hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell to run electric motors, as the hydrogen fuel cell train. Widespread use of hydrogen for fueling rail transportation is a basic element of the proposed hydrogen economy. The term has been used by research scholars and technicians around the world. Hydrail vehicles are usually hybrid vehicles with renewable energy storage, such as Battery (electricity), batteries or super capacitors, for regenerative braking, improving efficiency and low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railpower GG20B
The Railpower GG20B ''Green Goat'' is a low-emissions diesel hybrid switcher locomotive built by Railpower Technologies Corp. It is powered by a single Caterpillar C9 six cylinder inline engine developing , which is also connected to a large battery bank where both sources combine for a total power output of . To date, there have been more than 50 GG20B diesel-electric hybrid switchers manufactured since their first introduction in 2004. Original Buyers Fuel-cell testbed BNSF Railway and Vehicle Projects converted a GG20B to an experimental testbed, for the use of hydrogen fuel cells. The new locomotive is designated HH20B. The locomotive was publicly demonstrated for the first time on June 29, 2009, at Topeka, Kansas. The locomotive, BNSF 1205, was originally built in 1957 as Canadian Pacific 8637 (renumbered 1544 in the 1980s), a GMD GP9 locomotive. In 2006, it was rebuilt into a GG20B for the Canadian Pacific, but was not delivered, due to the cancellation of the orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RailPower Technologies
Railpower Technologies is a subsidiary of R.J. Corman Railroad Group that builds environmentally friendly hybrid Green Goat and Genset switching locomotives, founded by Frank Donnelly and Gerard Koldyk. Its locomotives have been purchased by Canadian Pacific Railway, BNSF Railway, Kansas City Southern Railway and Union Pacific Railroad among others. History As an independent company The company was founded in 2001 in Vancouver, British Columbia, and incorporated an automotive propulsion system into a new hybrid yard locomotive, dubbed the "Green Goat." The unit was built off the frame of an EMD GP9, and was powered by a diesel engine charging a bank of 320 lead-acid batteries, producing . This first unit underwent extensive testing and demonstration in both Canada and the United States for a year, in conjunction with a smaller unit, called the "Green Kid." The demonstrations were a success, and combined with the introduction of government programs providing assistance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) public charity professional organization for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and other related disciplines. The IEEE has a corporate office in New York City and an operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey. The IEEE was formed in 1963 as an amalgamation of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Institute of Radio Engineers. History The IEEE traces its founding to 1884 and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. In 1912, the rival Institute of Radio Engineers was formed. Although the AIEE was initially larger, the IRE attracted more students and was larger by the mid-1950s. The AIEE and IRE merged in 1963. The IEEE is headquartered in New York City, but most business is done at the IEEE Operations Center in Piscataway, New Jersey, opened in 1975. The Australian Section of the IEEE existed between 1972 and 1985, after which it s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
