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Cyanobacterial
Cyanobacteria ( ) are a group of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis. The name "cyanobacteria" () refers to their bluish green (cyan) color, which forms the basis of cyanobacteria's informal common name, blue-green algae. Cyanobacteria are probably the most numerous taxon to have ever existed on Earth and the first organisms known to have produced oxygen, having appeared in the middle Archean eon and apparently originated in a freshwater or terrestrial environment. Their photopigments can absorb the red- and blue-spectrum frequencies of sunlight (thus reflecting a greenish color) to split water molecules into hydrogen ions and oxygen. The hydrogen ions are used to react with carbon dioxide to produce complex organic compounds such as carbohydrates (a process known as carbon fixation), and the oxygen is released as a byproduct. By continuously producing and releasing oxygen over billions of years, cyanobacteria a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algae
Algae ( , ; : alga ) is an informal term for any organisms of a large and diverse group of photosynthesis, photosynthetic organisms that are not plants, and includes species from multiple distinct clades. Such organisms range from unicellular microalgae, such as cyanobacteria, ''Chlorella'', and diatoms, to multicellular macroalgae such as kelp or brown algae which may grow up to in length. Most algae are aquatic organisms and lack many of the distinct cell and tissue types, such as stomata, xylem, and phloem that are found in embryophyte, land plants. The largest and most complex marine algae are called seaweeds. In contrast, the most complex freshwater forms are the Charophyta, a Division (taxonomy), division of green algae which includes, for example, ''Spirogyra'' and stoneworts. Algae that are carried passively by water are plankton, specifically phytoplankton. Algae constitute a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group because they do not include a common ancestor, and although Eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurocapsales
The Pleurocapsales are an order of coccooid cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria ( ) are a group of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis. The name "cyanobacteria" () refers to their bluish green (cyan) color, which forms the basis of cyanobacteri .... Pleurocapsales are characterized by having boocytes, specialized cells where multiple fission takes place. Their ecology is mainly endolytic and calcareous, they are found inside rocks and in low light conditions. Pleurocapsales were thought to be related to ''Chroococcidiopsis'' but recent work with phylogenetics of the 16S rDNA gene has shown that ''Chroococcidiopsis'' belongs to its own order Chroococcidiopsidales. Some genera within Pleurocapsales form pseudo-ramifications such as ''Pleurocapsa'' sp., ''Odorella'' sp, and all the genera within the Hyellaceae family. Historically, the order Pleurocapsales has been one of the least studied orders of cyanobacteria, due t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synechococcales
The Synechococcales are a proposed order of cyanobacteria, with over 70 genera. It includes both filamentous and single-celled types. References Synechococcales, Bacteria orders {{cyanobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prochlorophyta
The Chroococcales () are an order of cyanobacteria in some classifications which includes the harmful algal bloom '' Microcystis aeruginosa''. Molecular data indicate that Chroococcales may be polyphyletic, meaning its members may not all belong to the same clade or have the same common ancestor. Characteristics The order is characterized by single, floating cells or colonies which are embedded to a matrix. Also, a lack of differentiation between apical and basal structures exists. Prochlorales A heterotypic synonym of Chroococcales is (order) Prochlorales , with type genus "''Prochloron''". Additional names of the same nature included: * Division Prochlorophyta Lewin, 1976 * Class Prochlorophyceae Lewin, 1977 * Family Prochloraceae Lewin, 1977 * Chloroxybacteria Margulis & Schwartz, 1982 * Subdivision Prochlorobacteria Jeffrey 1982 * Division Prochlorophycota Shameel 2008 The assignment as a division/subdivision was based on a belief that because this class lack red and blue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chroococcales
The Chroococcales () are an order of cyanobacteria in some classifications which includes the harmful algal bloom '' Microcystis aeruginosa''. Molecular data indicate that Chroococcales may be polyphyletic, meaning its members may not all belong to the same clade or have the same common ancestor. Characteristics The order is characterized by single, floating cells or colonies which are embedded to a matrix. Also, a lack of differentiation between apical and basal structures exists. Prochlorales A heterotypic synonym of Chroococcales is (order) Prochlorales , with type genus "''Prochloron''". Additional names of the same nature included: * Division Prochlorophyta Lewin, 1976 * Class Prochlorophyceae Lewin, 1977 * Family Prochloraceae Lewin, 1977 * Chloroxybacteria Margulis & Schwartz, 1982 * Subdivision Prochlorobacteria Jeffrey 1982 * Division Prochlorophycota Shameel 2008 The assignment as a division/subdivision was based on a belief that because this class lack red and blue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chroococcidiopsidales
''Chroococcidiopsis'' is a photosynthetic, coccoidal bacterium, and the only genus in the order Chroococcidiopsidales and in the family Chroococcidiopsidaceae. A diversity of species and cultures exist within the genus, with a diversity of phenotypes. Some extremophile members of ''Chroococcidiopsis'' are known for their ability to survive harsh environmental conditions, including both high and low temperatures, ionizing radiation, and high salinity. ''Chroococcidiopsis'' are able to survive in a dormant state for at least 13 million years, with the ability to reactivate after this time. Desiccation resistance The ability of ''Chroococcidiopsis'' to resist desiccation in arid environments is due in part because it colonizes the underside of translucent rocks. The underside of these rocks provides enough condensed moisture for growth while the rock's translucent nature allows just enough light to reach the organism for photosynthesis to occur. A 2023 study found ''Chroococcidiop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nostocales
The Nostocales are an order of cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria ( ) are a group of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis. The name "cyanobacteria" () refers to their bluish green (cyan) color, which forms the basis of cyanobacteri ... containing most of its species. It includes filamentous forms, both simple or branched, and both those occurring as single strands or multiple strands within a sheath. Some members show a decrease in width from the base, and some have heterocysts. References Bacteria orders {{cyanobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxygenic Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis ( ) is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism. ''Photosynthesis'' usually refers to oxygenic photosynthesis, a process that produces oxygen. Photosynthetic organisms store the chemical energy so produced within intracellular organic compounds (compounds containing carbon) like sugars, glycogen, cellulose and starches. To use this stored chemical energy, an organism's cells metabolize the organic compounds through cellular respiration. Photosynthesis plays a critical role in producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, and it supplies most of the biological energy necessary for complex life on Earth. Some bacteria also perform anoxygenic photosynthesis, which uses bacteriochlorophyll to split hydrogen sulfide as a reductant instead of water, produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirulinales
The Spirulinaceae is a family of cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria ( ) are a group of autotrophic gram-negative bacteria that can obtain biological energy via oxygenic photosynthesis. The name "cyanobacteria" () refers to their bluish green (cyan) color, which forms the basis of cyanobacteri ..., the only family in the order Spirulinales. Its members are notable for having coiled trichomes. References Cyanobacteria families {{cyanobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is often based in Latin. A common name is sometimes frequently used, but that is not always the case. In chemistry, IUPAC defines a common name as one that, although it unambiguously defines a chemical, does not follow the current systematic naming convention, such as acetone, systematically 2-propanone, while a vernacular name describes one used in a lab, trade or industry that does not unambiguously describe a single chemical, such as copper sulfate, which may refer to either copper(I) sulfate or copper(II) sulfate. Sometimes common names are created by authorities on one particular subject, in an attempt to make it possible for members of the general public (including s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of California Museum Of Paleontology
The University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP) is a paleontology museum located on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley. The museum is within the Valley Life Sciences Building (VLSB), designed by George W. Kelham and completed in 1930. Its collections are primarily intended for research and are, thus, not accessible to the public. A limited number of fossils from the collection is on display in the VLSB. Although located on the Berkeley campus, the museum is the primary locality for storing fossils collected statewide. The original fossils, around which the current collection has grown, were those gathered as part of the California Geological Survey from 1860 to 1867. Website UCMP was one of the first museums to have its own website in the early 1990s, due to its location within a technology-oriented university with a good Internet connection. The site has been applauded for its use of visually appealing graphics, was nominated for a Webby A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
