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Chained Library
A chained library is a library where the books are attached to their bookcase by a chain, which is sufficiently long enough to allow the books to be taken from their shelves and read, but not removed from the library itself. The practice was usual for reference library, reference libraries (that is, the vast majority of libraries) from the Middle Ages to around the 18th century. This would prevent theft of the library's materials.Weston, J. (10 May 2013).The Last of the Great Chained Libraries. Since the chaining process was also expensive, it was not used on all books, only the more valuable books such as reference works or large books in a collection were chained.Byrne, D. "Chained libraries". History Today, May 1987, 37, pp. 5–6. Librarians in the Middle Ages often invoked curses as well to keep books from being stolen. Once such curse written into the books was, It is standard for chained libraries to have the chain fitted to the corner or cover of a book. This is becaus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chained Library, Chelsea Old Church - Geograph
Chained may refer to: * Chained (1934 film), ''Chained'' (1934 film), starring Joan Crawford and Clark Gable * Chained (2012 film), ''Chained'' (2012 film), a Canadian film directed by Jennifer Lynch * Chained (2020 film), ''Chained'' (2020 film), a Canadian film directed by Titus Heckel * Chained (Marvin Gaye song), "Chained" (Marvin Gaye song), 1968 * Chained (The xx song), "Chained" (The xx song), 2012 * ''Chained'', a 2008 album by Crystal Eyes * "Chained", a 1974 song by Rare Earth (band), Rare Earth See also * Chain (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malatestiana Library
The Malatestiana Library (), also known as the Malatesta Novello Library, is a public library in the city of Cesena in northern Italy. Purpose-built from 1447 to 1452 and opened in 1454, and named after the local aristocrat Malatesta Novello, it is significant for being the first civic library in Europe, i.e. belonging to the medieval commune, commune rather than the church or a noble family, and open to the general public. The library was inscribed in UNESCO's Memory of the World Register – Europe and North America, Memory of the World Register in 2005. Background For two and a half centuries from 1239, when a Malatesta was made Podestà of Rimini, the family ruled parts of the territory on either side of the Rubicon, River Rubicon in northern Italy where the Apennine Mountains meet the Adriatic Sea. In 1429 the inheritance was divided between two sons of Pandolfo I Malatesta. The elder, Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Sigismondo Pandolfo, became Lord of Rimini. The younger, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorton
Gorton is an area of Manchester in Greater Manchester, England. It is to the southeast of Manchester city centre. The population at the United Kingdom Census 2011, 2011 census was 36,055. Neighbouring areas include Levenshulme and Openshaw. A major landmark is Gorton Monastery, a 19th-century High Victorian Gothic former Franciscan friary. History According to local folklore, Gorton derives its name from Gore Town, due to a battle between the Saxons and Danes (Germanic tribe), Danes nearby.Booker (1857), p. 197. This has been dismissed by historians as "popular fancy". The name Gorton means "dirty farmstead", perhaps taking its name from the Gore Brook, or dirty brook, which still runs through the township (England), township today. The brook may have acquired that name because of the dirty appearance of its water, perhaps caused by discolouration due to peat or iron deposits. Gorton was formerly a Township (England), township and chapelry in the ancient parish of Manche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chetham's Library
Chetham's Library in Manchester, England, is the oldest free public reference library in the English-speaking world.Nicholls (2004), p. 20. Chetham's Hospital, which contains both the library and Chetham's School of Music, was established in 1653 under the will of Humphrey Chetham (1580–1653), for the education of "the sons of honest, industrious and painful parents", and a library for the use of scholars. The library has been in continuous use since 1653. It operates as an independent charity. The library holds more than 100,000 volumes of printed books, of which 60,000 were published before 1851 including a copy of the Nuremberg Chronicle annotated by Thomas Gudlawe. Collections include 16th- and 17th-century printed works, periodicals and journals, local history sources, broadsides and ephemera. In addition to print materials, the library holds a collection of over 1,000 manuscripts, including 41 medieval texts. Chetham's Library is an Accredited Museum under t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelsea Old Church
Chelsea Old Church, also known as All Saints, is an Anglican church, on Old Church Street, Chelsea, London SW3, England, near Albert Bridge. It is the church for a parish in the Diocese of London, part of the Church of England. Inside the Grade I listed building, there is seating for 400 people. There is a memorial plaque to the author Henry James (1843–1916) who lived nearby on Cheyne Walk, and was buried in Cambridge, Massachusetts. To the west of the church is a small public garden containing a sculpture by Sir Jacob Epstein. History Norman origins Chelsea Old Church dates from 1157. It was formerly the parish church of Chelsea, before it was engulfed by London. The building consisted of a 13th-century chancel with chapels to the north and south (c. 1325) and a nave and tower built in 1670. 16th century and Sir Thomas More The chapels were private property. The one to the north was called the Lawrence Chapel and was owned by Chelsea's Lord of the Manor. The chapel to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester is a ceremonial county in North West England. It borders Lancashire to the north, Derbyshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Cheshire to the south, and Merseyside to the west. Its largest settlement is the city of Manchester. The county has an area of and is highly urbanised, with a population of 2.9 million. The majority of the county's settlements are part of the Greater Manchester Built-up Area, which extends into Cheshire and Merseyside and is the List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, second most populous urban area in the UK. The city of Manchester is the largest settlement. Other large settlements are Altrincham, Bolton, Rochdale, Sale, Greater Manchester, Sale, Salford, Stockport and Wigan. Greater Manchester contains ten metropolitan boroughs: Manchester, City of Salford, Salford, Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Bolton, Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Bury, Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Oldham, Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, Rochdale, Metropol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleśnica
Oleśnica (; ) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, within the Wrocław metropolitan area. It is the administrative seat of Oleśnica County and also of the rural district of Gmina Oleśnica, although it is not part of the territory of the latter, the town being an urban gmina in its own right. Established in medieval Poland, Oleśnica was the capital of a small eponymous principality from 1313 to 1884. It was a notable center of Polish printing in the early modern period. The town is famed for its large 16th-century ducal castle. The castle's inner courtyard arcades, a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture, are iconic in the region. The town also contains architecture in other styles, including Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical and Renaissance Revival, and is home of the only surviving chained library in Central Europe. It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wootton Wawen St Peters 0026
Wootton is an English place name meaning ''place by the wood''. The standard pronunciation rhymes the first syllable with ''foot''. Places ;Places in England called Wootton * Wootton, Bedfordshire * Wootton Fitzpaine, Dorset * Wootton, New Forest, hamlet in south-west Hampshire *Wootton St Lawrence, village near Basingstoke, Hampshire * Wootton, Almeley, a location in Herefordshire * Wootton, Dormington, a location in Herefordshire * Wootton, Isle of Wight ** Wootton Bridge *Wootton, Kent * Wootton, Lincolnshire *Wootton, Northamptonshire *Wootton, Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire *Wootton, West Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire (also known as Wootton-by-Woodstock) * Wootton, Onibury, a location in Shropshire * Wootton, Oswestry Rural, a location in Shropshire * Wootton, Staffordshire, East Staffordshire * Wootton, Stafford, a location in Staffordshire *Wootton Wawen, village in Stratford, England * Royal Wootton Bassett, town in Wiltshire * Wootton Rivers, Wiltshire *Leek Wootton, Warwicksh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorset
Dorset ( ; Archaism, archaically: Dorsetshire , ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north and the north-east, Hampshire to the east, the Isle of Wight across the Solent to the south-east, the English Channel to the south, and Devon to the west. The largest settlement is Bournemouth, and the county town is Dorchester, Dorset, Dorchester. The county has an area of and a population of 772,268. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, which contains three of the county's largest settlements: Bournemouth (183,491), Poole (151,500), and Christchurch, Dorset, Christchurch (31,372). The remainder of the county is largely rural, and its principal towns are Weymouth, Dorset, Weymouth (53,427) and Dorchester, Dorset, Dorchester (21,366). Dorset contains two Unitary authorities in England, unitary districts: Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hereford Gospels
The Hereford Gospels (Hereford, Hereford Cathedral Library, MS P. I. 2) is an 8th-century illuminated manuscript gospel book in insular script ( minuscule), with large illuminated initials in the Insular style. This is a very late Anglo-Saxon gospel book, which shares a distinctive style with the Caligula Troper ( Cotton Library, MS Caligula A.xiv). An added text suggests this was in the diocese of Hereford in the 11th century. The manuscript was likely produced either in Wales (like the Ricemarch Psalter n the Doomsday books Hereford is referred to as Hereford, Walesand possibly the Lichfield Gospels) or in the West Country of England near the Welsh border.Richard Gameson, "The Hereford Gospels," from Hereford Cathedral: A History (London, 2000), pgs. 536-543. Gameson himself argues for the Welsh origin of the manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hereford, England
Hereford ( ) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies east of the border with Wales, north-west of Gloucester and south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire. An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000. Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle. Toponymy The Herefordshire edition of Cambridge County Geographies states "a Welsh derivation of Hereford is more probable than a Saxon one", but the name "Hereford" is also said to come from the Anglo-Saxon "''here''", an army or formation of soldiers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mappa Mundi
A ''mappa mundi'' (Latin ; plural = ''mappae mundi''; ; ) is any medieval European map of the world. Such maps range in size and complexity from simple schematic maps or less across to elaborate wall maps, the largest of which to survive to modern times, the Ebstorf map, was around in diameter. The term derives from the Medieval Latin words (cloth or chart) and (world). Around 1,100 ''mappae mundi'' are known to have survived from the Middle Ages. Of these, some 900 are found illustrating manuscript books and the remainder exist as stand-alone documents. Types of ''mappae mundi'' Extant ''mappae mundi'' come in several distinct varieties, including: * Zonal maps (sometimes called Macrobian maps) * Tripartite maps (including " T-O" and " V-in-◻" maps) * Quadripartite maps (including the Beatus maps) * Complex maps Medieval world maps which share some characteristics of traditional ''mappae mundi'' but contain elements from other sources, including Portolan charts an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
