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Carnosaurs
Carnosauria is an extinct group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. While Carnosauria was historically considered largely synonymous with Allosauroidea, some recent studies have revived Carnosauria as clade including both Allosauroidea and Megalosauroidea (which is sometimes recovered as paraphyletic with respect to Allosauroidea), and thus including the majority of non-coelurosaurian members of theropod clade Tetanurae. Other researchers have found Allosauroidea and Megalosauroidea to be unrelated groups.Cau A. (2024)A Unified Framework for Predatory Dinosaur Macroevolution Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 63(1): 1-19. Distinctive characteristics of carnosaurs include large eye sockets, a long narrow skull and modifications of the legs and pelvis such as the thigh (femur) being longer than the shin (tibia). Carnosaurs first appeared in the Middle Jurassic around , and the last definitive carnosaur family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allosaurus
''Allosaurus'' ( ) is an extinct genus of theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 145 million years ago during the Late Jurassic period ( Kimmeridgian to late Tithonian ages). The first fossil remains that could definitively be ascribed to this genus were described in 1877 by Othniel C. Marsh. The name "''Allosaurus''" means "different lizard", alluding to its lightweight , which Marsh believed were unique. The genus has a very complicated taxonomy and includes at least three valid species, the best known of which is ''A. fragilis''. The bulk of ''Allosaurus'' remains come from North America's Morrison Formation, with material also known from the Alcobaça Formation and Lourinhã Formation in Portugal. It was known for over half of the 20th century as '' Antrodemus'', but a study of the abundant remains from the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry returned the name "''Allosaurus''" to prominence. As one of the first well-known theropod dinosaurs, it has long attracted attention ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrocanthosaurus
''Acrocanthosaurus'' ( ; ) is a genus of carcharodontosaurid dinosaurs that existed in what is now North America during the Aptian and early Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous, from 113 to 110 million years ago. Like most dinosaur genera, ''Acrocanthosaurus'' contains only a single species, ''A. atokensis''. It had a continent-wide range, with fossil remains known from the U.S. states of Oklahoma, Texas, and Wyoming in the west and Maryland in the east. However, most of these remains are assigned to the species based on the assumption that ''Acrocanthosaurus'' is the only large carcharodontosaurid from North America during this time, and the possibility exists that some referred specimens could represent distinct taxa. ''Acrocanthosaurus'' was a bipedal predator. As the name suggests, it is best known for the high neural spines on many of its vertebrae, which most likely supported a ridge of muscle over the animal's neck, back, and hips. ''Acrocanthosaurus'' was one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second Epoch (geology), epoch of the Jurassic Period (geology), Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland,British Geological Survey. 2011Stratigraphic framework for the Middle Jurassic strata of Great Britain and the adjoining continental shelf: research report RR/11/06 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham. the Calcaire de Caen of France, the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, the Tiouraren Formation of Niger, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Rocks of the Middle Jurassic were formerly (until about 1980s) in Europe called ''Dogger'' or ''Brown Jurassic''. Paleogeography During the Middle Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea began to separate into Laurasia and Gond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siamotyrannus
''Siamotyrannus'' (meaning "Siamese tyrant") is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous of Thailand. Discovery and naming In 1993, Somchai Traimwichanon found a partial skeleton of a large theropod at the Phu Wiang 9 site in Khon Kaen. In 1996, Eric Buffetaut, Varavudh Suteethorn and Haiyan Tong named and described the type species ''Siamotyrannus isanensis''. The generic name is derived from the old Thai kingdom of Siam, and a Latinised Greek ''tyrannus'', meaning "tyrant", in reference to a presumed membership of the Tyrannosauridae. The specific name is derived from Thai ''isan'', "northeastern part", referring to the provenance from northeast Thailand. The holotype, PW9-1, was found in the Sao Khua Formation, dating from the Berriasian-Barremian. It includes the left half of the pelvis, five rear dorsal vertebrae, the sacrum with five sacrals, and thirteen front tail vertebrae. In 1998, a tibia and some individual teeth were referred to the species. Descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahariasaurus
''Bahariasaurus'' (meaning " Bahariya lizard") is an enigmatic genus of large theropod dinosaur. The genus contains a single species, ''Bahariasaurus ingens'', which was found in North African rock layers dating to the Cenomanian age of the Late Cretaceous. The only fossils confidently assigned to ''Bahariasaurus'' were found in the Bahariya Formation of the Bahariya Oasis in Egypt by Ernst Stromer. This material was destroyed during a World War II bombing raid, with the same raid also destroying the holotypes of ''Spinosaurus'', '' Aegyptosaurus'', and other other animals found in the Bahariya Formation. ''Bahariasaurus'' is among the largest known theropods, estimated at long and around in weight. This approaches the size of other large theropods such as ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' and the contemporaneous '' Carcharodontosaurus''. The exact phylogenetic placement of ''Bahariasaurus'' has been debated. Some research has proposed close affiinities or even synonymy of ''Bahariasau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aorun
''Aorun'' () (敖闰 pinyin Áo rùn) is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur first discovered in 2006, with its scientific Taxonomy (biology), description published in 2013. It is generally considered one of the oldest known coelurosaurian dinosaurs and is estimated to have lived ~161.6 million years ago during the Late Jurassic period (geology), Period, though some researchers consider it to be a carnosaurian instead. Discovery and naming The fossil which included the skull with numerous teeth, some vertebrae and leg bones were discovered by James Clark, the Ronald B. Weintraub Professor of Biology, in the Department of Biological Sciences of GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences with his then doctoral student Jonah Choiniere, along with a team of international researchers in a remote region of Xinjiang in China in 2006. They originally spotted a portion of a leg bone exposed on the surface, and when they dug it up, they found the skull underneath. The type species ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carcharodontosauridae
Carcharodontosauridae (carcharodontosaurids; from the Greek καρχαροδοντόσαυρος, ''carcharodontósauros'': "shark-toothed lizards") is a group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs. In 1931, Ernst Stromer named Carcharodontosauridae as a family, which, in modern paleontology, indicates a clade within Carnosauria. Carcharodontosaurids include some of the largest land predators ever known: '' Giganotosaurus'', '' Mapusaurus'', '' Carcharodontosaurus'', and '' Tyrannotitan'' all rivaled ''Tyrannosaurus'' in size. Estimates give a maximum weight of for the largest carcharodontosaurids, while the smallest carcharodontosaurids were estimated to have weighed at least . Discovery and history The earliest discovery of carcharodontosaurid fossils may date to 1835 with the discovery of '' Poekilopleuron'' in Jurassic-aged sediments in Normandy, France and it was then described in 1836 by French naturalist Jacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps. However, the holotype (name-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siamraptor
''Siamraptor'' is an extinct genus of carcharodontosaurian dinosaur, containing the single species ''S. suwati'', known from the Khok Kruat Formation of Thailand. It is possibly the first definitive named carcharodontosaurian species known from Southeast Asia. However a later 2024 study found it to be an early tetanuran outside of the group Orionides, although the describers of '' Alpkarakush'' still found it within the Carcharodontosauria the same year. Discovery Between 2007 and 2009, the Japan-Thailand Dinosaur Project carried out excavations at the village of Saphan Hin, subdistrict Suranaree, Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District, in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The finds included bones from a theropod new to science. In 2019, the type species ''Siamraptor suwati'' was named and described by Duangsuda Chokchaloemwon, Soki Hattori, Elena Cuesta, Pratueng Jintasakul, Masateru Shibata and Yoichi Azuma. The generic name is derived from "Siam", the former name of Thailand, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neovenator
''Neovenator'' ( nˈiːə͡ʊvˌɛne͡ɪtə; "new hunter") is a genus of carcharodontosaurian theropod dinosaur. It is known primarily from several skeletons found in the Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian-Barremian) Wessex Formation on the south coast of the Isle of Wight, southern England. The first remains of ''Neovenator'' were discovered in 1978 alongside those of the ornithopod '' Brighstoneus'', after the collapse of part of Grange Chine. In 1996, Steve Hutt, David Martill and Michael Barker named the genus ''Neovenator''. One species is known: the type species, ''N. salerii'', after the Salero family who owned the site on which its remains were discovered. Between the type specimen and multiple referred specimens, roughly seventy percent of ''Neovenator'''s skeleton is known. While incompletely known, it was likely around in length, and probably weighed , though a specimen possibly referrable to the genus indicates a larger body size of . Its skull is known from both premax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lusovenator
''Lusovenator'' (meaning "Portuguese hunter") is a genus of carcharodontosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Praia de Amoreira Porto-Novo Member and the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Tithonian-Berriasian) Assenta Member of the Lourinhã Formation in present-day Portugal. It includes one species, ''Lusovenator santosi''. Discovery and naming The holotype was discovered during the 1980s by José Joaquim dos Santos, and he donated his fossil collection to the Sociedade de História Natural around thirty years later. The unnamed holotype was described and placed in the Allosauroidea in 2017. The neotype, was described in 2019 and both specimens were placed within Carcharodontosauria. The species ''Lusovenator santosi'' was named and described in 2020. The known remains consist of the holotype SHN.036 - "a partial postcranial skeleton preserving the odontoid, the atlantal intercentrum, a cervical vertebra, isolated cervical neural spines, dorsal vertebr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelmayisaurus
''Kelmayisaurus'' (meaning "Karamay lizard") is an extinct genus of allosauroid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. It was roughly long and its name refers to the petroleum-producing city of Karamay in the Xinjiang province of western China near where it was found. Discovery and species ''Kelmayisaurus'' is known from the holotype and only specimen IVPP V 4022. It consists of a complete left dentary with teeth and partial left maxilla. The specimen was found during the early 1970s in the Lianmuqin Formation of the Tugulu Group, dating to the Valanginian-Albian stages between 140 and 100 million years ago. The discovery locality is near Wuerho in the Junggar Basin. It was first named and described by Chinese paleontologist Dong Zhiming in 1973 and the type species is ''Kelmayisaurus petrolicus''. A supposed second species, ''K.'' "gigantus", was mentioned in a popular book as being a long vertebral column from the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation. It i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Datanglong
''Datanglong'' is an extinct genus of tetanuran theropod of uncertain taxonomic placement. It existed during the Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Albian) in what is now southeastern China. Discovery and naming In 2011, staff of the Geological Survey Research Institute at the village of Nazao, twenty kilometers southwest of the town of Datang, near Nanning in Guangxi, discovered the remains of a large theropod new to science. The dinosaur was named and described in 2014 as ''Datanglong guangxiensis'', by Mo Jinyou, Zhou Fusheng, Li Guangning, Hunag Zhen and Cao Chenyun. The genus name combines a reference to the Datang basin with the Chinese word ''long'', "dragon". The specific name refers to the province of Guangxi. ''Datanglong guangxiensis'' is known from one specimen, holotype GMG 00001, which encompasses vertebrae and hip bones. There is a series of vertebrae that begins with the last dorsal (back) vertebra (according to the descriptors the fourteenth), continues ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
