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Bartonella
''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunistic pathogens. ''Bartonella'' species are transmitted by vectors such as fleas, sand flies, and mosquitoes. At least eight ''Bartonella'' species or subspecies are known to infect humans. '' Bartonella henselae'' is the organism responsible for cat scratch disease. History ''Bartonella'' species have been infecting humans for thousands of years, as demonstrated by '' Bartonella quintana'' DNA in a 4000-year-old tooth. The genus is named for Alberto Leonardo Barton Thompson (1871–October 26, 1950), a Peruvian scientist. Infection cycle Though some studies have found "no definitive evidence of transmission by a tick to a vertebrate host," ''Bartonella'' species are well-known to be transmissible to both animals and humans through va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Henselae
''Bartonella henselae'', formerly ''Rochalimæa henselae'', is a bacterium that is the causative agent of cat-scratch disease ( bartonellosis). It primarily infects red blood cells and endothelial cells and is transmitted to humans through scratches, bites, or flea vectors associated with domestic and feral cats. ''Bartonella henselae'' is a member of the genus '' Bartonella'', one of the most common types of bacteria in the world. It is a facultative intracellular microbe that targets red blood cells. In the United States, about 20,000 cases are diagnosed each year, most under 15 years old. Most often, it is transmitted by scratches or bites from kittens. Higher prevalence is reported in warm, humid climates where flea infestations are more common. History The specific name ''henselae'' honors Diane Marie Hensel (b. 1953), a clinical microbiology technologist at University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, who collected numerous strains and samples of the infective agent duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Apis
''Bartonella apis'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Bartonella''. ''Bartonella apis'' was first isolated from the gut of the honey bee (''Apis mellifera'') in 2015 by Swiss researchers at the University of Lausanne. To date, it has been found only as a gut symbiont of honey bees, including the Western honey bee (''Apis mellifera''), and the Eastern or Asiatic honey bee (''Apis cerana''). Phylogeny and characteristics ''Bartonella apis'' is a member of the order Rhizobiales and class Alphaproteobacteria. Phylogenetically, it places in the genus Bartonella through 16s rRNA genetic homology, with its nearest relative being ''Bartonella tamiae'', a human pathogen isolated initially from three patients in Thailand and an uncultured ''Bartonella'' species isolated from an ant. Like other ''Bartonellae'', ''B. apis'' is a small (1.2 to 1.8 um), gram negative rod shaped organism. Transmission electron microscopy revealed hair like structures on the cellular envelope as well as susp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Doshiae
''Bartonella doshiae'' is a bacterium. As with other ''Bartonella ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportuni ...'' species, it can cause disease in animals. See also *'' Bartonella grahamii'' *'' Bartonella peromysci'' *'' Bartonella talpae'' *'' Bartonella taylorii'' References External linksBartonella-Associated Infections – CDC [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Grahamii
''Bartonella grahamii'' is a bacterium. As with other ''Bartonella'' species, it can cause disease in animals. See also *''Bartonella doshiae ''Bartonella doshiae'' is a bacterium. As with other ''Bartonella ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect ...'' *'' Bartonella peromysci'' *'' Bartonella talpae'' *'' Bartonella taylorii'' References External linksBartonella-Associated Infections – CDC [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Elizabethae
''Bartonella elizabethae'', formerly known as ''Rochalimaea elizabethae'', is a bacterium in the genus ''Bartonella''. Like other ''Bartonella'' species, it causes the diseases bartonellosis. Although the illnesses caused by ''Bartonella'' species other than the most common human pathogens — '' B. bacilliformis'', '' B. quintana'', and '' B. henselae'' — are not well-characterized individually, severe forms of bartonellosis present with endocarditis, lymphadenopathy, and neuroretinitis. As with other ''Bartonella'' species, it can cause disease in animals, and the reservoirs of ''B. elizabethae'' include dogs and rats. ''B. elizabethae'', like other rodent-borne ''Bartonella'' species, represents an emerging public health threat, especially in urban areas where rats are endemic. Humans are an incidental host for the pathogen — direct transmission from dogs to humans is not well attested, and most human cases are contracted from ticks serving as a vector. In cities, marg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Bacilliformis
''Bartonella bacilliformis'' is a bacterium, Gram negative aerobic, pleomorphic, flagellated, motile, coccobacillary, 2–3 μm long, 0.2–0.5 μm wide, and a facultative intracellular bacterium. History The bacterium was discovered by Peruvian microbiologist Alberto Barton in 1905, but it was not published until 1909. Barton originally identified them as endoglobular structures, which actually were the bacteria living inside red blood cells. Until 1993, the genus ''Bartonella'' contained only one species; there are now more than 23 identified species, all of them within family Bartonellaceae. Epidemiology ''Bartonella bacilliformis'' is found only in Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia and some areas of south Florida . It is endemic in some areas of Peru, with outbreaks of the disease occurring in new epidemic areas. The bacterium is transmitted by sandflies of the genus '' Lutzomyia''. Microbiology For its isolation, special cultures are required, containing complemental soy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Ancashensis
''Bartonella ancashensis'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Bartonella'' which has been isolated from blood from patients who suffered from verruga peruana in Caraz in Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac .... ''Bartonella ancashensis'' is a human pathogen which may cause verruga peruana. It is not yet certain if ''Bartonella ancashensis'' causes verruga peruana, as it may not meet all of Koch's postulates. Still, there is not experimental reproduction of Peruvian wart in animals for affirm that bartonella ancashi causes the Peruvian wart. Science needs to base its conclusions on the best available evidence.Salinas D. La nueva Bartonella Ancashi como causante de la verruga peruana: ¿Cumple los postulados de Koch? Acta Med Per 2014; 31 (1): 34-36 References B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Alsatica
''Bartonella alsatica'' is a bacterium. Like other'' Bartonella'' species, it can cause disease in animals. It is small, aerobic, oxidase-negative, and Gram-negative. Its rod-like cells were localized within wild rabbit erythrocytes when first described. The type strain is IBS 382T (= CIP 105477T). It is associated with cases of lymphadenitis and endocarditis Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium. It usually involves the heart valves. Other structures that may be involved include the interventricular septum, the chordae tendineae, the mural endocardium, o .... References Further reading * External linksBartonella-Associated Infections – CDC * [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Kosoyi
''Bartonella kosoyi'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Bartonella ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportuni ...''. References Bartonellaceae Bacteria described in 2020 {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Koehlerae
''Bartonella koehlerae'' is a bacterium Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the ... first isolated from cats. Its genome consists of 1.7–1.8 Mb. See also *'' Bartonella doshiae'' *'' Bartonella grahamii'' References Further reading * *Mascarelli, Patricia E. "Bartonella henselae and B. koehlerae DNA in Birds." External linksBartonella-Associated Infections – CDC * [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartonella Bovis
''Bartonella bovis'' is a pathogenic bacteria first isolated from European ruminants. It is small, fastidious, aerobic, oxidase-negative, gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists ... and rod-shaped. Its type strain is 91-4T (= CIP 106692T = CCUG 43828T). References Further reading * * * External links *LPSN [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |