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Władysław Of Cieszyn (d. 1355)
Władysław of Cieszyn ( pl, Władysław cieszyński) (1325/31 – May 1355) was a Polish prince member of the Piast dynasty in the Cieszyn branch. He was the eldest son of Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Trojden I of Czersk-Warsaw. Life Władysław certainly belonged to the race of princes who placed their church careers at the service of a powerful monarchy. In the case of the Dukes of Cieszyn (who, like mostly of Silesian rulers, are tied to them by homage) they saw their position in close cooperation with the House of Luxembourg, who ruled the Kingdom of Bohemia, which can be observed in the politics of both Duke Casimir I and his successor Przemysław I Noszak. The excellent relations between Władysław and the later Emperor Charles IV (then King of Bohemia) provided a busy itinerary to him: from 1347 and until his death, the Polish prince was present in all the major events of the Bohemian court. No cause for amazement, therefore, that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesian Piasts
The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth, Bolesław III of Poland. By Bolesław's Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty, testament, Władysław was granted Duchy of Silesia, Silesia as his hereditary province and also the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków according to the principle of agnatic seniority. Early history The history of the Silesian Piasts began with the feudal fragmentation of Poland in 1138 following the death of the List of Polish monarchs, Polish duke Bolesław III Wrymouth. While the Silesian province and the Kraków seniorate were assigned to Władysław II the Exile, his three younger half–brothers Bolesław IV the Curly, Mieszko III the Old, and Henry of Sandomierz received Duchy of Masovia, Masovia, Duchy of Greater Poland, Greater Poland and Duchy of Sandomierz, Sandomierz, respectively, according to the Testament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Opolski
Vladislaus I of Opole ( pl, Władysław opolski) ( – 27 August/13 September 1281/2) was a Duke of Kalisz during 1234–1244, Duke of Wieluń from 1234 to 1249 and Duke of Opole–Racibórz from 1246 until his death. He was the second son of Casimir I of Opole by his wife, Viola, probably a Bulgarian lady. Life At the time of his father's death in 1230, both Władysław and his older brother Mieszko II the Fat were still minors; because of this, they were placed under the care of their mother Viola and Henry I the Bearded, Duke of Wrocław. In 1234 Henry I the Bearded, wishing to take full control over Opole, moved the young dukes to Kalisz, but without denying their hereditary rights. Four years later, Mieszko II the Fat attained his majority, and Henry II the Pious (son and successor of Henry I the Bearded), was forced to give him government over Opole-Racibórz. Despite this, Władysław and his mother Viola remained in Kalisz, where she acted as regent on his beh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir I Of Kuyavia
Casimir I of Kuyavia ( pl, Kazimierz I kujawski) (c. 1211 – 14 December 1267) was a Polish prince and a member of the House of Piast. He was Duke of Kujawy after 1233, ruler over Ląd from 1239-1261, ruler over Wyszogród after 1242, Duke of Sieradz from 1247-1261, Duke of Łęczyca after 1247, and Duke of Dobrzyń after 1248. He was the second son of Konrad I of Masovia and his wife Agafia of Rus. He was probably named after his grandfather, Casimir II the Just. Life Casimir I received Kujawy (however without Dobrzyń and Sieradz-Łęczyca) from his father in 1233. In 1239, he would enlarge his domains with the castellany of Ląd, which he received as the dowry of his second wife. In subsequent years, Casimir I actively supported his father's turbulent politics, which brought him in 1242 to conquer the district of Wyszogród from the rulers of Gdańsk. Konrad I died on 31 August 1247. According to his will, most of Masovia passed to his oldest son, Bolesław I, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lev I Of Galicia
Leo I of Galicia ( ua, Лев Дани́лович, translit=Lev Danylovych) (c. 1228 – c. 1301) was a king of Ruthenia, prince (Kniaz) of Belz (1245–1264), Peremyshl, Halych (1264–1269), and grand prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1271–1301). He was a son of King Daniel of Galicia and his first wife, Anna Mstislavna Smolenskaia (daughter of Mstislav Mstislavich the Bold). As his father, Lev was a member of the senior branch of Vladimir II Monomakh descendants. Reign Leo (also known as Lev) moved his father's capital from Halych to the newly founded city of Lviv. This city was named after him by its founder, Lev's father, King Daniel of Galicia. In 1247, Leo married Constance, the daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. Unlike his father, who pursued a western political course, Leo worked closely with the Mongols and together with them invaded Poland. However, although his troops plundered territory as far west as Racibórz in Silesia, sending many captives and much booty back to Galici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traidenis
Traidenis ( pl, Trojden, be, Трайдзень) (died 1282) was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1270 (or 1269) until 1282. He is the second most prominent, after Mindaugas, Grand Duke of Lithuania in the 13th century. His reign ended a seven-year unrest period after Mindaugas was assassinated in 1263 and firmly established the Grand Duchy as a pagan state for another hundred years. Traidenis expanded the Grand Duchy into the territories of Sudovians and Semigalians and strengthened its presence in Black Ruthenia. Unlike Mindaugas, Traidenis did not concentrate on expansion into the east. The circumstances surrounding Traidenis' advance to power are not clear. While his ancestors are unknown, it is known that he came from Aukštaitija, as he was Duke of Kernavė. From the outset his relationships with Halych-Volhynia were tense as he replaced Shvarn, Duke of Halych-Volhynia and Lithuania. The tension eventually resulted in the 1274–1276 war. Despite Mongol support to Halyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siemowit I Of Masovia
Siemowit I of Masovia ( pl, Siemowit (Ziemowit) I mazowiecki) (d. 23 June 1262), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast, Duke of Czersk during 1247-1248, Duke of Masovia (except Dobrzyń) during 1248-1262, ruler over Sieradz during 1259-1260. He was the sixth son of Konrad I of Masovia and his wife Agafia of Rus. Life Siemowit appears clearly in documents only in 1239, when at the behest of his father, he probably killed the canon of Płock Jan Czapla; however, and despite his personal involvement in this matter, current historiography completely blames his father for his action. Konrad I died on 31 August 1247, leaving the districts of Sieradz, Łęczyca and Czersk to his surviving sons. Using the confusion who followed this death, Siemowit I's older brother Casimir I managed to seize the greater part of their inheritance (Sieradz and Łęczyca); however, Siemowit I was able to keep Czersk thanks to the military support of his other older brother, Bolesław I. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jadwiga (wife Of Władysław Odonic)
Jadwiga (died 29 December 1249) was by marriage Duchess consort of Greater Poland. Her parentage is disputed among historians and sources. Among the possible origins for Jadwiga include: * Descent from the Pomerelian Samborides lineage of the Dukes of Pomerania, i.e. the daughter of Mestwin I, Duke of Pomerania. This theory is the most accepted among historiography and web sources. * Descent from the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, i.e. the daughter of Prince Sviatopluk, son of Vladislaus II, Duke and King of Bohemia. * Descent from the German House of Andechs. This origin is supported by the fact that she is called relative of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Poppo von Osterna. Life After Władysław Odonic was expelled from Poland by his uncle Władysław III Spindleshanks, he spent some time in Hungary, Bohemia and Germany before he arrived to the court of Swantopolk II, Duke of Pomerania around 1218. In Pomerania the wedding between Władysław and Jadwiga too ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Odonic
Władysław Odonic, nicknamed Plwacz or the Spitter, ( – 5 June 1239) was a duke of Kalisz 1207–1217, duke of Poznań 1216–1217, ruler of Ujście in 1223, ruler of Nakło from 1225, and duke of all Greater Poland 1229–1234; from 1234 until his death he was ruler over only the north and east of the Warta river (some historians believed that shortly before his death, he lost Ujście and Nakło). He was a son of Duke Odon of Kalisz by his wife Viacheslava, daughter of Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl of Halych. Władysław was probably named after either his paternal uncle Władysław III Spindleshanks or his ancestor Władysław I Herman. The nickname "Plwacz" ( en, the Spitter) was already given to him in the 13th century chronicles. It is unknown if he received that nickname because of a disease that affected his throat or because he had bad manners. Another nickname used in the contemporary sources was "''Odonic''", a corruption of his patronymic ''Odowic'' ("son of O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viola, Duchess Of Opole
Viola, Duchess of Opole, also known as Veleslava ( bg, Венцислава), pl, Wencisława-Wiola; (died 7 September 1251) was a Duchess consort of Opole- Racibórz through her marriage to Casimir I. Life Origins Viola's father's origins are disputed by historians. Chronicler Jan Długosz noted that she was originally from Bulgaria. A more popular hypothesis about Viola's parentage was given by Władysław Dziewulski, who stated that she could be the daughter of either Kaloyan of Bulgaria or his successor Boril, but this theory has been challenged by Wincenty Swoboda.W. Swoboda: ''Księżna kaliska Bułgarką? Przyczynek do rozbioru krytycznego Annalium Długosza''. n:''Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Wielkopolski i Pomorza.'' vol. 3. 1980, pp. 61–78. Jerzy Horwat put forward another hypothesis, under which Viola could have been a daughter of either King Béla III from his second marriage to Margaret of France or his son and successor, Emeric.J. Horwat: ''Książęt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir I Of Opole
Casimir I of Opole ( pl, Kazimierz I opolski; – 13 May 1230), a member of the Piast dynasty, was a Silesian duke of Opole and Racibórz from 1211 until his death. Early life Casimir was the eldest child and only son of Duke Mieszko I Tanglefoot and his wife Ludmilla, probably a Bohemian princess of the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1172/73 his father had divided the Silesian lands with his elder brother Bolesław I the Tall and his nephew Duke Jarosław of Opole, and went on to rule as Duke of Racibórz in Upper Silesia. Little is known about the early years of Casimir's life, except for his own birth, which was the pretext for an agreement between his father and Casimir II the Just, who since 1177 ruled as High Duke of Poland having deposed his elder brother Mieszko III the Old. Casimir II aimed to break the long-time alliance of Mieszko I Tanglefoot with his uncle Mieszko III the Old and in return granted to the Racibórz duke the Lesser Polish districts of Bytom, Oświęci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphemia Of Kuyavia
Euphemia of Kuyavia (c. 1265 – March 18, 1308) was a Kuyavian princess, who was Queen consort of Galicia-Volhynia. She was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia by his third wife Euphrosyne, daughter of Casimir I of Opole. Euphemia was sister of Władysław I the Elbow-high, she was wife of Yuri I of Galicia and mother of Andrew of Galicia and Lev II of Galicia. The only preserved evidence of Euphemia's existence is from Jan Długosz's Yearbooks, which reported that on March 18, 1308 Euphemia died and that she was the daughter of Prince Casimir and the wife of Yuri I, who died in the same year on April 21, which was also his birthday. Biography Birth Her parents' marriage was concluded in mid 1257, her father died on December 14, 1267. Thus, Euphemia soon after the wedding. Literature puts her birth at around 1265. In the absence of sources of an accurate date of birth, it is not possible to determine when Euphemia was born. It is most likely that Euphemia was named aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri I Of Galicia
Yuri I of Galicia ( ua, Ю́рій Льво́вич, translit=Yurii Lvovych, 24 April 1252 (1257?) – 18 March 1308) was a King of Ruthenia, Prince of Volhynia (Latin: Regis Rusie, Princeps Ladimerie). His full title was Yuri I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kyiv, Volodymyr, Halych, Lutsk, Dorohochyn. Overview In 1264-1301 he was a prince of the Duchy of Belz. He was a son of Leo I of Galicia (also known as Lev Danylovych) and Constance of Hungary, a daughter of King Béla IV of Hungary. He married three times. His first wife was Yaroslavna of Tver (died ca. 1286). His second wife was Euphemia of Kuyavia (died 18 March 1308), daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia. His third wife is unknown. Family Sons * Mykhailo (1283–1286) (first marriage) * Andrew of Galicia, Prince of Ruthenia (1308–1323) * Lev II, Prince of Ruthenia (1308–1323) * Dmytro, Lord of Ruthenia (1340-1349) Daughters * Maria, Princess of Ruthenia, (died 11 January 1341). Married Trojden I of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
