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Women's Rights In Haiti
Women in Haiti have equal constitutional rights as men in the economic, political, cultural and social fields, as well as in the family. However, the reality in Haiti is quite far from the law. The structural issues of the country, in combination with patriarchal views that dominate the culture, bar Haitian women’s ability to experience full autonomy in the eyes of the state. These trends have been consistent throughout the history of the country irrespective to times of peace or political unrest.Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on "The Right of Women in Haiti to be Free from Violence and Discrimination." OEA/Ser.L/V/II, Doc. 64, 10 March 2009. Women and society Some Haitian scholars argue that Haitian peasant women are often less restricted socially than women in Western societies or even in comparison to more westernized elite Haitian women. Compared to their Latin-American counterparts, the participation of Haitian women in agriculture, commerce an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosalie Adolphe
Madame Max Adolphe (née , also known as ) (born September 10, 1925) was the right hand woman of former Haitian president François Duvalier, who used the nickname "PapaDoc". In 1961 she and Aviole Paul-Blanc were elected to Parliament, becoming the first female MPs in Haiti. She was born in Mirebalais, Haiti. Biography Adolphe, then known as Rosalie Bosquet, came to the attention of Duvalier during an attempt on his life. While she was a low ranking officer in the Tonton Macoute, her courage impressed the president so much that he promoted her to the position of warden at . At the prison, Adolphe continued her strong support of the government and was known for her violent interrogations of political prisoners. She was not viewed as a political threat to the President because of her sex. After marrying Health Minister Max Adolphe, she assumed his full name. Daily killings, torture, and beatings were typical at the prison during her tenure. She developed a "gruesome reputation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MINUSTAH
The United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (), also known as MINUSTAH, an acronym of its French name, was a UN peacekeeping mission in Haiti from 2004 to 2017. It was composed of 2,366 military personnel and 2,533 police, supported by international civilian personnel, a local civilian staff, and United Nations Volunteers. The mission's military component was led by the Brazilian Army and commanded by a Brazilian. The devastating January 2010 Haiti earthquake destroyed MINUSTAH's headquarters in Port-au-Prince and killed its chief, Hédi Annabi of Tunisia, his deputy Luiz Carlos da Costa of Brazil, and the acting police commissioner, RCMP Supt. Doug Coates of Canada.Sanon, Evens"UN votes to end to Haiti peacekeeping mission in mid-October,"April 13, 2017, Associated Press, retrieved September 26, 2024 The mission subsequently concentrated on assisting the Haitian National Police in providing security, while American and Canadian military forces distributed and facilita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magalie Marcelin
Magalie Marcelin (1962 – January 12, 2010) was a Haitian feminist, lawyer and actress. While still in her teens, she performed with a theatre group which used the stage as a medium to raise issues about women's rights and social justice. Marcelin was expelled by the government of Jean-Claude Duvalier. She was sent to Venezuela, came to Montreal in 1981 and studied law. Marcelin returned to Haiti after Duvalier's departure in 1986. In 1987, she established Kay Fanm (Women's House), a shelter for battered women and women's rights organization. She also helped ensure that women in legal difficulties related to gender-based violence received a fair trial, working pro bono. Marcelin worked as a consultant for a number of development projects. In 1997, she helped organize an international tribunal in Haiti dealing with violence against women. Marcelin appeared in the films ''Haiti in all our dreams'' and ''Anita''. She was the godparent of the daughter of former Canadian Governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myriam Merlet
Myriam Merlet (October 14, 1956 – January 12, 2010) was a political activist, scholar and economist who served as Chief of Staff of Haiti's Ministry for Gender and the Rights of Women (Ministère a la Condition Feminine et aux Droits des Femmes (MCFDF)), from 2006 to 2008. One of the particular focuses of her work was on how rape and rape culture is used as a political weapon, and was not considered a criminal offense in Haiti until 2005. Early life Merlet was born in Les Cayes, Haiti. Merlet was the second youngest of six siblings: an older brother and four sisters. In the 1970s, Merlet left Haiti, growing up in France and Italy. In 1975, Merlet moved to Montreal, Canada, where she lived for eleven years. In 1985, while living abroad, she received her M. Sc. in Economics from University of Quebec at Montreal. While at the University of Quebec, she studied women's issues, political sociology, and feminist theory. Career In July 1986, six months after the end of the Jean- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Jean-Bertrand Aristide (; born 15 July 1953) is a Haitian former Salesian priest and politician who became Haiti's first democratically elected president in 1991 before being deposed in a coup d'état. As a priest, he taught liberation theology and, as president, he attempted to normalize Afro-Creole culture, including Vodou religion, in Haiti. Aristide was appointed to a parish in Port-au-Prince in 1982 after completing his studies to become a priest. He became a focal point for the pro-democracy movement, first under Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier and then under the military transition regime which followed. He won the 1990–91 Haitian presidential election with 67% of the vote but was ousted just months later in the September 1991 military coup. The coup regime collapsed in 1994 under U.S. pressure and threat of force (Operation Uphold Democracy), and Aristide was president again from 1994 to 1996 and from 2001 to 2004. Aristide was ousted again in a 2004 coup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Haitian Coup D'état
A coup d'état in Haiti on 29 February 2004, following several weeks of conflict, resulted in the removal of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide from office. On 5 February, a rebel group, called the National Revolutionary Front for the Liberation and Reconstruction of Haiti, took control of Haiti's fourth-largest city, Gonaïves. By 22 February, the rebels had captured Haiti's second-largest city, Cap-Haïtien and were besieging the capital, Port-au-Prince by the end of February. On the morning of 29 February, Aristide resigned under controversial circumstances and was flown from Haiti by U.S. military and security personnel. He went into exile, being flown directly to the Central African Republic, before eventually settling in South Africa. Aristide afterwards claimed that he had been kidnapped by U.S. forces, accusing them of having orchestrated a coup d'état against him, a claim denied by U.S. officials. In 2022, a dozen Haitian and French officials told ''The New York Time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raoul Cédras
Joseph Raoul Cédras (born July 9, 1949) is a Haitian former military officer who was the '' de facto'' ruler of Haiti from 1991 to 1994. Cedras was the last military ruler of Haiti. Background A mulatto, Cédras was educated in the United States at the School of the Americas and was a member of the U.S.-trained ''Leopard'' Corps. He also trained with the Spanish military. Cédras was chosen by the US and France to be in charge of security for the 1990–91 Haitian general election, and subsequently named Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces by Jean-Bertrand Aristide in early 1991. Under Aristide, Cédras "was one important source for the CIA, providing reports critical of President Aristide." De facto leader of Haiti (1991–1994) Cédras, Lieutenant General in the Forces Armées d'Haïti (FAdH; the Armed Forces of Haiti) at the time, was responsible for the 1991 Haitian coup d'état which ousted President Aristide on 29 September 1991. Some human rights groups criticiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Disappearance
An enforced disappearance (or forced disappearance) is the secret abduction or imprisonment of a person with the support or acquiescence of a State (polity), state followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate or whereabouts with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law. Often, forced disappearance implies murder whereby a victim is kidnapping, abducted, may be illegally prison, detained, and is often tortured during interrogation, ultimately killed, and the body disposed of secretly. The party committing the murder has plausible deniability as there is no evidence of the victim's death. Enforced disappearance was first recognized as a human rights issue in the 1970s as a result of Detenidos Desaparecidos, its use by military dictatorships in Latin America during the Dirty War. However, it has occurred all over the world. According to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which came into force on 1 July 2002, when committed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dumarsais Estimé
Dumarsais Estimé (April 21, 1900 – July 20, 1953) was a Haiti, Haitian politician and President of the Haitian Republic from August 16, 1946, to May 10, 1950. Previously, he was a member of the Parliament for Verrettes for 16 years, as well as President of the Chamber and Minister (Secretary of State) for Public Education, Agriculture, and Labour. Dumarsais Estimé's political ideology is a mixture of Nationalism, nationalism and Progressivism, progressivism. This ideology is called Estimism, estimism. He advocated for Class collaboration, collaborationism with the bourgeoisie, centralization policies, nationalization and liberalization economic policies.https://lenouvelliste.com/article/178476/du-bilan-de-la-presidence-ecourtee-de-dumarsais-estime-1946-1950-entre-mythe-fascination-et-eloge-panegyrique The memory of his presidency remains very prominent among many Haitians due to the reforms undertaken and the undeniable economic and social progress that the Republic of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucienne Heurtelou
Lucienne Heurtelou (1920 – May 19, 2006) was a Haitian diplomat, women's rights advocate, and author. She was the First Lady of Haiti from 1946 to 1950 as the wife of Haitian President Dumarsais Estimé. Early life Heurtelou was born in Port-au-Prince in 1920 to a light-skinned family. She was working as a physical education teacher when she married Dumarsais Estimé at age 19. Career In October 1948, Heurtelou inaugurated an orphanage in Truittier, near Carrefour, which was never completed. She was honorary President of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale, a Haitian feminist organization created in 1934, during its First Congress of Haitian Women (April 14–19, 1950). The Congress attracted delegates from 44 Haitian women's organizations and 32 delegates from 17 international women's organizations, and relaunched the Haitian women's movement for equal rights. Later that year, she and her husband were forced to flee the country following the general elections and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
