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West Himalayish Languages
The West Himalayish languages, also known as Almora and Kanauric, are a family of Sino-Tibetan languages centered in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and across the border into Nepal. LaPolla (2003) proposes that the West Himalayish languages may be part of a larger "Rung languages, Rung" group. Languages The languages include: *West Himalayish **Kinnauri ***Chitkuli Kinnauri language, Chitkuli Kinnauri ***Kinnauri language, Kinnauri ***Thebor ****Sunam language, Sunam ****Jangshung language, Jangshung ****Shumcho language, Shumcho **Lahaulic ***Pattani language, Pattani (Manchad) ***Tinan language, Tinan **Gahri language, Gahri (Bunan) **Kanashi language, Kanashi **Rongpo–Almora ***Rongpo language, Rongpo ****Rongpo language#Marcha, Marcha ****Rongpo language#Tolcha, Tolcha (extinct since the 1950s) ***Almora (Ranglo) ****Darmiya language, Darmiya ****Byangsi language, Byangsi ****Dhuleli language, Dhuleli ****Chaudangsi language, Chaudangsi ****Rangas language, Rangas (extinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (; Sanskrit: ''himācāl prādes;'' "Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a States and union territories of India, state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen Indian Himalayan Region, mountain states and is characterised by an extreme landscape featuring List of mountain peaks of Himachal Pradesh, several peaks and extensive river systems. Himachal Pradesh is the northernmost state of India and shares borders with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the north, and the states of Punjab (India), Punjab to the west, Haryana to the southwest, Uttarakhand to the southeast and a very narrow border with Uttar Pradesh to the south. The state also shares an international border to the east with the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. Himachal Pradesh is also known as ''Dev Bhoomi'', meaning 'Land of Gods' and ''Veer Bhoomi'' which means 'Land of the Brave'. The pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rongpo Language
Rongpo (also known as Rangpo and Rang Po Bhasa) is a West Himalayish language spoken in Uttarakhand, India. George Abraham Grierson originally called the language the Garhwal dialect of one of the Tibetic languages, but is now considered its own independent language. Geographical distribution Rongpo is spoken in the following locations of Uttarakhand, India (''Ethnologue''). * Niti Valley, Joshimath tehsil, Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand (in Niti, Gamshali, Bampa, and Malari villages) *Mana valley, Joshimath tehsil Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand: Mana, Indradhara, Gajkoti, Pathiya-Dhantoli, Hanuman Chatti, Benakuli, and Aut. Dialects The two different dialects of Rongpo are called the Marcha ''(Marchha)'' and the Tolcha ''(Tolchha)'' dialect, Both dialects only have a difference in the phonetic level and are written in the same way. Marcha Marcha dialect is spoken in Mana and Niti valleys. Tolcha There are a few Tolchha dialect speakers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangpo Language
Rongpo (also known as Rangpo and Rang Po Bhasa) is a West Himalayish language spoken in Uttarakhand, India. George Abraham Grierson originally called the language the Garhwal dialect of one of the Tibetic languages, but is now considered its own independent language. Geographical distribution Rongpo is spoken in the following locations of Uttarakhand, India (''Ethnologue''). *Niti Valley, Joshimath tehsil, Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand (in Niti, Gamshali, Bampa, and Malari villages) *Mana valley, Joshimath tehsil Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand: Mana, Indradhara, Gajkoti, Pathiya-Dhantoli, Hanuman Chatti, Benakuli, and Aut. Dialects The two different dialects of Rongpo are called the Marcha ''(Marchha)'' and the Tolcha ''(Tolchha)'' dialect, Both dialects only have a difference in the phonetic level and are written in the same way. Marcha Marcha dialect is spoken in Mana and Niti valleys. Tolcha There are a few Tolchha dialect speakers in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetan Plateau
The Tibetan Plateau, also known as the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau or Qingzang Plateau, is a vast elevated plateau located at the intersection of Central Asia, Central, South Asia, South, and East Asia. Geographically, it is located to the north of Himalayas and the Indian subcontinent, and to the south of Tarim Basin and Mongolian Plateau. Geopolitically, it covers most of the Tibet Autonomous Region, most of Qinghai, western half of Sichuan, Southern Gansu provinces, southern Xinjiang province in Western China, Bhutan, the Administrative divisions of India, Indian regions of Ladakh and Lahaul and Spiti district, Lahaul and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh) as well as Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, northwestern Nepal, eastern Tajikistan and southern Kyrgyzstan. It stretches approximately north to south and east to west. It is the world's highest and largest plateau above sea level, with an area of . With an average elevation exceeding and being surrounded by imposing mountain ranges that har ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetic Languages
The Tibetic languages form a well-defined group of languages descending from Old Tibetan.Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. "The Tibetic languages and their classification." In ''Trans-Himalayan linguistics, historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area''. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. According to Nicolas Tournadre, there are 50 Tibetic languages, which branch into more than 200 dialects, which could be grouped into eight dialect continua. These Tibetic languages are spoken in Tibet, Ladakh, Baltistan, Aksai Chin, Nepal, and in India in Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. Classical Tibetan is the major literary language, particularly for its use in Tibetan Buddhist scriptures and literature. Tibetan languages are spoken by some 6 million people, not all of whom are Tibetan.preprint With the worldwide spread of Tibetan Buddhism, the Tibetan language has also spread into the western world and can be found in many Buddhist publications and prayer materials, while western s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunan Language
Bunan, also known as Gahri, Ghara, Lahuli of Bunan, Boonan, Punan, Poonan, Erankad or Keylong Boli, is a Tibeto-Burman minority language, largely spoken in the Keylong block of Lahaul and Spiti district, in the northernmost region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The number of people speaking the language is only approximately 4,000 in India. The Tibeto-Burman language family consists of fourteen languages spoken in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and Bunan is assigned to the West Himalayish branch. Status The Endangered Languages Project classifies it as a ‘threatened’ language due to the changing economic landscape of the Lahaul region and the migration of Bunan speakers to other areas of the country, especially the younger generation migrating for education and employment. In the UNESCO list of endangered languages, Bunan is mentioned as ‘definitely endangered’ from extinction. The language has its own grammar, as documented by various scholars. The Scheme for Protec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Matisoff
James Alan Matisoff ( zh, , t=馬蒂索夫, s=马蒂索夫, p=Mǎdìsuǒfū or zh, , t=馬提索夫, s=马提索夫, p=Mǎtísuǒfū; born July 14, 1937) is an American linguist. He is a professor emeritus of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a noted authority on Tibeto-Burman languages and other languages of mainland Southeast Asia. Education Matisoff was born July 14, 1937, in Boston, Massachusetts, to a working-class family of Eastern European Jewish origins. His father, a fish seller, was an immigrant from a town near Minsk, Byelorussian SSR (now Belarus). He attended Harvard University, Harvard from 1954 to 1959, where he met his wife, Susan Matisoff, later a scholar of Japanese literature, when the two shared a Japanese class. He received two degrees from Harvard: an AB in Romance languages, Romance Languages and Literatures (1958) and an AM in French literature, French Literature (1959). He then studied Japanese at International Christian Univer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet
Tibet (; ''Böd''; ), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are other ethnic groups such as Mongols, Monpa people, Monpa, Tamang people, Tamang, Qiang people, Qiang, Sherpa people, Sherpa, Lhoba people, Lhoba, and since the 20th century Han Chinese and Hui people, Hui. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of . Located in the Himalayas, the highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, Earth's highest mountain, rising above sea level. The Tibetan Empire emerged in the 7th century. At its height in the 9th century, the Tibetan Empire extended far beyond the Tibetan Plateau, from the Tarim Basin and Pamirs in the west, to Yunnan and Bengal in the southeast. It then divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central Tibet (Ü-Tsang) was often at least nominally unified under a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bon Religion
Bon or Bön (), also known as Yungdrung Bon (, ), is the indigenous Tibetan religion which shares many similarities and influences with Tibetan Buddhism.Samuel 2012, pp. 220–221. It initially developed in the tenth and eleventh centuries but retains elements from earlier Tibetan religious traditions.Kvaerne 1996, pp. 9–10. Bon is a significant minority religion in Tibet, especially in the east, as well as in the surrounding Himalayan regions. The relationship between Bon and Tibetan Buddhism has been a subject of debate. According to the modern scholar Geoffrey Samuel, while Bon is "essentially a variant of Tibetan Buddhism" with many resemblances to Nyingma, it also preserves some genuinely ancient pre-Buddhist elements. David Snellgrove likewise sees Bon as a form of Buddhism, albeit a heterodox kind.Powers 2007, pp. 500–501 Similarly, John Powers writes that "historical evidence indicates that Bön only developed as a self-conscious religious system under the inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhangzhung Language
Zhangzhung () is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was spoken in Zhangzhung in what is now western Tibet. It is attested in a bilingual text called ''A Cavern of Treasures'' (''mDzod phug'') and several shorter texts. A small number of documents preserved in Dunhuang contain an undeciphered language that has been called Old Zhangzhung, but the identification is controversial. ''A Cavern of Treasures'' (''mDzod phug'') ''A Cavern of Treasures'' () is a terma uncovered by Shenchen Luga () in the early eleventh century. Martin identifies the importance of this scripture for studies of the Zhangzhung language: External relationships Bradley (2002) says Zhangzhung "is now agreed" to have been a Kanauri or West Himalayish language. Guillaume Jacques (2009) rebuts earlier hypotheses that Zhangzhung might have originated in eastern (rather than western) Tibet by having determined it to be a non- Qiangic language. Widmer (2014) classifies Zhangzhung within the eastern branch o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangas Language
Rangas or Rangkas is an extinct West Himalayish language spoken by the Rangkas people of Uttarakhand, India. The Rangkas joined the Kumaoni people and shifted to their language. There is currently an ethnic population of about 1,000 people. Rangas was spoken in Dharchula and Munsiyari tehsils (facing the Nepal border along the Mahakali valley), Johar Valley, Pithoragarh District, Uttarakhand, India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since .... References Extinct languages of Asia West Himalayish languages {{India-culture-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaudangsi Language
Chaudangsi is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Geographical distribution Chaudangsi is spoken on the western banks of the Kali River, facing the Nepal border along Mahakali valley. This area is located in Dharchula and Munsiyari tehsils, Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand Uttarakhand (, ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2007), is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the n ..., India (''Ethnologue''). Villages include Panggu, Rongto, Rimzim, Waiku, Monggong, Chilla, Song, Sosa, Sirdang, Sirkha, Rung, Zipti, Gala, Tangkul, and Syang Khola (''Ethnologue''). References Languages of Uttarakhand West Himalayish languages Endangered languages of India Languages of Sudurpashchim Province {{st-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
