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Victor Hugo
Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romanticism, Romantic author, poet, essayist, playwright, journalist, human rights activist and politician. His most famous works are the novels ''The Hunchback of Notre-Dame'' (1831) and ''Les Misérables'' (1862). In France, Hugo is renowned for his poetry collections, such as and (''The Legend of the Ages''). Hugo was at the forefront of the Romanticism, Romantic literary movement with his play ''Cromwell (play), Cromwell'' and drama ''Hernani (drama), Hernani''. His works have inspired music, both during his lifetime and after his death, including the opera ''Rigoletto'' and the musicals ''Les Misérables (musical), Les Misérables'' and ''Notre-Dame de Paris (musical), Notre-Dame de Paris''. He produced more than 4,000 drawings in his lifetime, and campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of Capital punishment in France, capital punishment and Abolitionism, slavery. Although he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Légende Des Siècles
''La Légende des siècles'' (, ) is a collection of poems by Victor Hugo, conceived as an immense depiction of the history and evolution of humanity. Written intermittently between 1855 and 1876 while Hugo worked in exile on numerous other projects, the poems were published in three series in 1859, 1877, and 1883. Bearing witness to the unparalleled poetic talent evident in all Hugo's art, the ''Légende des Siècles'' is often considered the only true French epic and, according to Baudelaire's formulation, the only modern epic possible. The dreaming poet contemplates the "wall of the centuries," indistinct and terrible, on which scenes of the past, present and future are drawn, and along which the whole long procession of humanity can be seen. The poems are depictions of these scenes, fleetingly perceived and interspersed with terrifying visions. Hugo sought neither historical accuracy nor exhaustiveness; rather, he concentrated on obscure figures, usually his own inventions, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanticism
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. The purpose of the movement was to advocate for the importance of subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy), subjectivity, imagination, and appreciation of nature in society and culture in response to the Age of Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution. Romanticists rejected the social conventions of the time in favour of a moral outlook known as individualism. They argued that passion (emotion), passion and intuition were crucial to understanding the world, and that beauty is more than merely an classicism, affair of form, but rather something that evokes a strong emotional response. With this philosophical foundation, the Romanticists elevated several key themes to which they were deeply committed: a Reverence (emotion), reverence for nature and the supernatural, nostalgia, an idealization of the past as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Besançon
Besançon (, ; , ; archaic ; ) is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerland. Capital of the historic and cultural region of Franche-Comté, Besançon is home to the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté regional council headquarters, and is an important administrative centre in the region. It is also the seat of one of the fifteen French ecclesiastical provinces and one of the two 1st Armored Division (France), divisions of the French Army. In 2022 the city had a population of 120,057, in a metropolitan area of 284,474, the second in the region in terms of population. Established in a meander of the river Doubs (river), Doubs, the city was already important during the Gallo-Roman era under the name of ''Vesontio'', capital of the Sequani. Its geography and specific history turned it into a military stronghold, a garrison city, a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hernani (drama)
''Hernani'' (full title: ''Hernani, ou l'Honneur Castillan'') is a drama in rhyming alexandrines by the French romantic author Victor Hugo. Title origin The title originates from Hernani, a Spanish town in the Southern Basque Country, where Hugo's mother and her three children stopped on their way to General Hugo's place of residence. History The play was given its premiere on 25 February 1830 by the Comédie-Française in Paris. Today, it is more remembered for the demonstrations which accompanied the first performance and for being the inspiration for Giuseppe Verdi's opera '' Ernani'' than it is for its own merits. Hugo had enlisted the support of fellow Romanticists such as Hector Berlioz and Théophile Gautier to combat the opposition of Classicists who recognised the play as a direct attack on their values. In Edgar Allan Poe's short story " The Masque of the Red Death", ''Hernani'' is used to describe the magnitude and elegance of Prince Prospero's masquerade. Gill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cromwell (play)
''Cromwell'' is a play by Victor Hugo, written in 1827. It was influenced by Hugo's literary circle, which identified itself as Romanticist and chose as a model dramatist Shakespeare instead of the Classicists Jean Racine and Pierre Corneille (who were supported by the French Academy). Due to its length of 6920 verses as well as the logistical problems of recreating Hugo's very large cast of characters, the play remained unperformed until 1956. It tells the story of Oliver Cromwell's internal conflicts in being offered the crown of England. It is notable for its preface, now considered the manifesto of the Romantic movement Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. The purpose of the movement was to advocate for the importance of subjec .... References External links * 1827 plays Plays by Victor Hugo Plays about the English Civil War C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Les Contemplations
''Les Contemplations'' (; ''The Contemplations'') is a song and collection of poetry by Victor Hugo, published in 1856. It consists of 156 poems in six books. Most of the poems were written between 1841 and 1855, though the oldest date from 1830. Memory plays an important role in the collection, as Hugo was experimenting with the genre of autobiography in verse. The collection is equally an homage to his daughter Léopoldine Hugo, who drowned in the Seine The Seine ( , ) is a river in northern France. Its drainage basin is in the Paris Basin (a geological relative lowland) covering most of northern France. It rises at Source-Seine, northwest of Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plat ... in 1843. Structure of the book The book is organized into two parts, entitled ''Autrefois'' and ''Aujourd'hui'' respectively, each comprising three chapters. * ''Autrefois'' (1830 - 1843) * ''I. Aurore'' : It is the book of youth evoking the memories of the poet's college, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Trébuchet
Sophie Françoise Trébuchet (19 June 1772 in Nantes – 27 June 1821 in Paris) was a French painter and the mother of Victor Hugo. Early life Sophie Françoise Trébuchet was born on June 19, 1772, in Nantes, rue des Carmélites, the fourth of eight children. Her father, Jean-François Trébuchet, was captain of a ship, and her mother, Louise Le Normand (1748–1780), from Saint-Fiacre-sur-Maine, was the daughter of the seneschal Château-Thébaud. Some time after her birth, Trébuchet was baptized in the church of Saint-Laurent. She became an orphan at the age of eight, when her mother died on August 14, 1780, three weeks after giving birth to her eighth child, who did not survive. Her father, in financial trouble, was forced to accept a mission in the Indian Ocean from shipowners in Brest. He auctioned off some of the couple's property in order to pay for the equipment of the ship "The Count of Grasse", and then embarked. He took care before his departure to place his seven s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo
Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo, Count Hugo de Cogolludo y Sigüenza (; 15 November 1773 – 29 January 1828) was a French general in the Napoleonic Wars. He was the husband of Sophie Trébuchet and the father of four sons. He is best known for his relationship to his third son, the eminent writer and French peer, Victor Hugo. Early life Joseph Léopold Hugo was the youngest son of Joseph Hugo, a former adjutant in the army of the Kingdom of France, and Jeanne-Marguerite Hugo. His four elder brothers all served as soldiers, a profession he himself took up in 1787 when he enlisted at the age of fourteen. He met Sophie Trébuchet in 1796 in a town of France called Châteaubriant, marrying her the following year in Paris. They had three sons. Abel, , and Victor. Military career Joseph Léopold Hugo was appointed an officer in 1790, and in 1791 he was appointed to a command in the Army of the Rhine. He fought in engagements along the length of the Rhine and as far as the Dan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adèle Hugo
Adèle Hugo (; 24 August 1830 – 21 April 1915) was the fifth and youngest child of French writer Victor Hugo. She is remembered for developing schizophrenia as a young woman, which led to a romantic obsession with a British military officer who rejected her. Her story has been retold in film and books, such as François Truffaut's 1975 film '' The Story of Adèle H.'' Childhood Adèle Hugo was raised in a cultured, affluent home in Paris, the youngest child of Adèle (née Foucher) and Victor Hugo, France's most famous writer. Adèle enjoyed playing the piano, and she was known for her beauty and long dark hair. She sat for portraits by several well-known Parisian artists. In 1852, the Hugo family moved to the island of Guernsey after Victor Hugo was forced into political exile. The Hugos remained on the Channel Islands until 1870. In Guernsey, Adèle met Albert Pinson, the object of her obsession. Illness and pursuit of Albert Pinson Signs of mental illness became apparent i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Victor Hugo
François-Victor Hugo (; 28 October 1828 – 26 December 1873) was the fourth of five children of French novelist Victor Hugo and his wife Adèle Foucher. François-Victor is best known for his translations of the works of William Shakespeare into French, which were published in 18 volumes between 1859 and 1866. François-Victor was politically active, helping his father publish two newspapers—"The Event" (''L'Événement'', 1848–1851) and "The Reminder" ('' Le Rappel'', 1869)—both of which were shut down for political reasons. He followed his father into exile on Guernsey in 1852; while there, he assisted his elder brother Charles, a pioneering photographer, in creating portraits of the Hugo family and others. François-Victor also published a book, "The Unknown Normandy" (''La Normandie inconnue''), in 1857. The Hugo family returned from exile in 1870, after the declaration of the French Third Republic, but François-Victor died only a few years later, from tuberculosi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Hugo (writer)
Charles-Victor Hugo (; 4 November 1826 – 13 March 1871) was a French journalist and photographer. He was the second son of French novelist Victor Hugo and his wife Adèle Foucher. Life and work In 1851, Charles-Victor was sentenced to six months in jail and a fine of five hundred francs for an article opposing capital punishment he wrote for the French daily newspaper ''L'Evénement''. His father, Victor Hugo, delivered a notable speech in his defense on June 10, 1851. When Napoleon III came to power in 1851, Charles-Victor joined his father in voluntary exile on the island of Jersey Jersey ( ; ), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey, is an autonomous and self-governing island territory of the British Islands. Although as a British Crown Dependency it is not a sovereign state, it has its own distinguishing civil and gov .... Together with August Vacquerie, he photographed family and friends with the aim of publishing a volume titled ''Jersey et les îles de la Manch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léopoldine Hugo
Léopoldine Cécile Marie-Pierre Catherine Hugo (; 28 August 1824 – 4 September 1843) was the eldest daughter of Victor Hugo and Adèle Foucher. Early life Léopoldine was born in Paris, the second of five children and eldest daughter of Victor Hugo and Adèle Foucher. She was named after her paternal grandfather, Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo, as was her late brother, Léopold, who died in infancy. Despite her father's growing anti-clerical views, Léopoldine grew up as a devout Catholic. Her first communion, which took place in September 1836, was a grand affair. Auguste de Châtillon painted a portrait of her for the day, and the mass was attended by Théophile Gautier, Alexandre Dumas, and members of the Hugo family. A banquet was held at her family's Paris residence afterward. Léopoldine had many suitors for marriage including her future husband, Charles Vacquerie, whom she met while on holiday in 1839. Later life and death She married Charles Vacquerie at Saint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
